How does the surf occur? What is surf in geography

- “Priboy”, a workers’ party cooperative publishing house, was created in 1922 by the decision of the Petrograd Provincial Committee of the RCP (b) on the basis of the publishing house of the Communist University (founded in 1921), continued the traditions of the publishing house of the same name in 191314 and... ...

SURF, surf, plural. no, husband 1. Sea waves hitting the shore. Tidal bore. “The measured sound of the surf.” Prishvin. “Waves of the frantic surf continuously rolled in the sea with a roar, whistle, squeal, howling, hitting the coastal cliff.” Tyutchev. || trans. What... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

- “PRIBOY” was the first legal cooperative Bolshevik party publishing house, which arose in St. Petersburg at the end of 1912 and was under the control and leadership of the Central Committee. Funds for organizing the publishing house were collected among workers. Active participants... ... Literary encyclopedia

"Surf"- “Priboy”, a legal Bolshevik publishing house, created in November 1912 in St. Petersburg. It was located at 9 Izmailovsky Prospekt. Since 1913 it has published literature on issues of social insurance for workers; from July 1913 it became the publishing house of the Central Committee of the RSDLP, according to... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"

SURF, surf, etc. see nail. Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary. IN AND. Dahl. 1863 1866 … Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

- (Surf, wash, breakers) the phenomenon of a wave running onto the coastline. P. takes on a different character depending on whether the shore is shallow or deep. P. happens on every shore; where ocean waves and swells reach, it takes on huge... ... Marine Dictionary

See excitement 2 Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011. surf noun, number of synonyms: 6 ... Synonym dictionary

SURF, me, husband. Sea waves rushing onto the shore. Okeansky village. The sound of the surf. | adj. surf, oh, oh. Breaking wave. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

1) legal Bolshevik publishing house, created in November 1912 in St. Petersburg. It was located at 9 Izmailovsky Prospekt. Since 1913 it has published literature on issues of social insurance for workers; from July 1913 it became the publishing house of the Central Committee of the RSDLP, according to... ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)

surf- stormy (Bunin); always noisy (Polonsky); pearl (Bunin); lazy (Bryusov); discordant (Bryusov); unstable (Balmont); mute (White); deceptive (Fofanov); commandingly proud (Vasiliev); grumbling (Klyuev); furious (Kuzmin) Epithets... ... Dictionary of epithets

surf- A mass of water in a stormy coastal zone resulting from the deformation of waves breaking on the coastline, when the steepness of the wave slope sharply increases, the crests of which overturn onto the shore and foam. → Fig. 320 Syn.: coasting... Dictionary of Geography

Books

A. S. Novikov-Priboy. Works in 5 volumes (set of 5 books), A. S. Novikov-Priboy. Moscow, 1950. Publishing house "Fiction". Publishing bindings. The condition is good. One sheet of the fourth volume is torn. Collected works of the Soviet writer Alexei...
A. S. Novikov-Priboy. Collected works in 5 volumes (set of 5 books), A. Novikov-Priboy. We present to your attention a collection of works by A. S. Novikov-Priboy in five volumes. Collected works of the Soviet writer Alexei Silych Novikov-Priboy. The main theme of his works is…

What is "SURF"? How to spell this word correctly. Concept and interpretation.

SURF surf is the destruction of a wave on a sea, lake or other body of water that occurs in shallow water, directly off the coast. In this case, the oscillatory vertical movements of water, characteristic of open waters, are replaced by the back-and-forth movement of the surf flow. First, the wave shortens and increases in height, then its upper part begins to outstrip the lower part, which is slowed down due to friction against the bottom, which can be accompanied by the formation of a crest and its partial collapse (burring). At the coastline, the entire mass of the wave hits the beach and, by inertia, travels along it for a certain distance (splash zone). Then, under the influence of gravity, the water rolls back. Surf on the shores of the Straits of Florida. Cuba Surf forms the relief of the coastal zone of reservoirs. Its destructive activity is called abrasion and leads to the retreat of the coastline towards the land, the formation of steep ledges (cliff) with a characteristic depression in the lower part (wave-breaking niche) and a rocky subhorizontal area in front of it (bench). Under the influence of the surf, debris rocks in the coastal zone they move horizontally and vertically, are crushed and rounded, acquiring rounded shapes. The accumulating activity of the surf causes the formation of beaches, spits, coastal and underwater bars and contributes to the advancement of the coastline towards the water area. In most cases, the impact of the surf leads to a straightening of the coastline and a simplification of its outline.

SURF- a sea wave running onto the shore, provided that it rolls along a sloping bottom; hitting the bottom... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron

SURF- I Surf phenomenon of the destruction of a sea (lake) wave, occurring as a result of the breaking... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

SURF- SURF, surf, plural. no, m. 1. Sea waves hitting the shore. tidal bore. The measured sound of the surf. At...

surf

surf, plural No m.

Sea waves hitting the shore. tidal bore. The measured sound of the surf. Prishvin. The frantic waves of the sea were constantly breaking, roaring, whistling, squealing, and howling, hitting the coastal cliff. Tyutchev.

trans. What is approaching comes in abundance (book poet). Surf of human crowds.

A place on the shore where waves crash. There was a hut right next to the surf. Waves on the noisy surf. Bryusov.

An increase in volume (heaps of stones) resulting from crushing a large stone into crushed stone (tech.). Surf is obtained up to 10% of the volume.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova.

surf

I, m. Sea waves rolling onto the shore. Okeansky village. The sound of the surf.

adj. surf, oh, oh. Breaking wave.

New explanatory and word-formative dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

surf

m. Compaction of fabric threads to a given density (when producing fabric on a weaving machine).

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

surf

destruction phenomenon sea waves at shallow depths when they run onto the shore, caused by a delay in the movement of water particles in the lower part of the wave due to their friction against the bottom.

Surf

"Surf", a legal Bolshevik publishing house, created in November 1912 in St. Petersburg during the “insurance campaign” (1912≈1914), in 1913 it began publishing literature on the issues of social insurance for workers; from July 1913 it became the publishing house of the Central Committee of the RSDLP, on whose instructions the main attention was paid to the publication of political agitation and propaganda literature on issues of the labor movement. The following collections were published: “Marxism and Liquidationism” with articles by V.I. Lenin, “Insurance of Workers in Russia and the West” (2nd and 3rd issues), the calendar “Worker’s Companion for 1914” (with Lenin’s article “Strikes in Russia") and others. A. I. Ulyanova-Elizarova, M. S. Olminsky, F. I. Drabkina and others participated in the work of the publishing house. At the beginning of the First World War 1914–18 in connection with censorship repressions “P. » ceased its activities; The publishing house resumed work in March 1917. Lenin's works “Letters on Tactics” were published. Letter 1 with the April Theses attached; “Tasks of the proletariat in our revolution”; "Lessons of the Revolution"; “Materials on the revision of the party program”; “The impending catastrophe and how to deal with it.” In 1918 it joined the Kommunist book publishing house.

Lit.: Shvartsman S. M., Book publishing house “Priboy” (1913≈1914), in the collection: “Book”, ╧ 13, M., 1966.

Wikipedia

Surf

Surf- destruction of waves off the coast of seas and large lakes.

Surf (disambiguation)

Surf:

Surf- destruction of waves near the shore.

Priboy (village)

Surf- a village in Bulgaria. It is located in the Pernik region, part of the Radomir community. The population is 256 people.

Priboy (factory)

OJSC "Taganrog Plant "Priboy""- instrument-making plant in Taganrog, one of the leading instrument-making enterprises in the country. Specialization - development and serial production of hydroacoustic weapons for the Navy.

Priboy (Sakhalin region)

Surf- a village in the Kholmsky urban district of the Sakhalin region of Russia, 9 km from the regional center.

Priboy (city)

Surf- Serbian city located in the Zlatibor district, Priboj community on the Lim River. According to the 2002 census, the city had a population of 19,564. Founded in the Middle Ages near the Yagat fortress, which stood on Mount Beach.

Surf (Buryatia)

Surf- a village in the Kabansky district of Buryatia. Included in the rural settlement "Tankhoyskoye".

Founded at stopping point East Siberian railway Surf (5443 km).

Priboy (community)

Surf- a community in Serbia, part of the Zlatibor district.

The population of the community is 28,603 people (2007), the population density is 52 people/km². The occupied area is 553 km², of which 33.3% is used for industrial purposes.

The administrative center of the community is the city of Priboy. The Priboi community consists of 33 settlements, the average settlement area is 16.8 km².

Surf ( Vologda Region)

Surf- a village in the Belozersky district of the Vologda region.

It is part of the Gulinsky rural settlement, from the point of view of administrative-territorial division - in the Gulinsky Village Council.

Located on the shore of Lake Azat. The distance by road to the regional center of Belozersk is 40.5 km, to the center of the municipal formation of the village of Nikonovskaya - 10.5 km. Immediate settlements- Agashino, Zvoz, Lundino.

According to the 2002 census, there was no permanent population.

Surf (boat motor)

Outboard motor "Priboy" was produced from 1968 to the early 80s by one of the USSR defense plants as a conversion product. Structurally, the motor copied a Johnson two-stroke outboard motor from the 50s, but the materials from which the Priboy motor was made were much inferior in quality to Western ones, so it never differed in long-term and reliable operation, unlike the original.

Weighing 19 kg, it had two cylinders and a power of 5 horsepower, and even by today’s standards it is one of the lightest five-horsepower engines in the world.. The boat engine had a deflector purge (an anachronism even in the 60s), the ignition was contact and unified with motor "Neptune", which later allowed users to independently replace it with a contactless one.

The magazine "Boats and Yachts" wrote about the shortcomings of this engine back in 1969:

“The technical parameters of the motor are also important. And here the Priboi outboard motor is inferior to the world’s best motors of a similar class. If its specific gravity does not cause any particular objections, then the liter power of 40. hp/l) is significantly lower than that of Tomos engines, for which this figure is 60-65 hp. s./l. Specific fuel consumption (about 500 g/hp/hour versus 300 for the above-mentioned foreign engines) is also excessively high; Apparently, a far from best sample with a low-cost deflector purge system was chosen as the prototype.” (Outboard boat motor “Surf” - G. A. Makarov, E. R. Chertulov, “Boats and Yachts” magazine, 1969)

Powered by the Priboi motor, the Kazanka boat with one person on board reached a speed of 12 km/h, with three - 10 km/h. (The Kazanka can develop a similar speed with, for example, a Suzuki DF2.5 engine of 2.5 hp.)

Fuel is gasoline with oil dissolved in it.

Among the inherent defects of the design is the absence of crankshaft seals on the engine - their role was played by bronze bushings, which are also sliding bearings, even with the slightest wear of which air began to leak into the crank chamber, which led to problems with starting and the impossibility of stable operation. After the appearance of the 8-horsepower Veterok engine, in which many of the shortcomings of the Priboy were eliminated, it began to enjoy an unimportant reputation and increasingly falling demand, so it was discontinued.

The advantages of the motor include:

:# Light weight

:# Compact and unpretentious to fuel and oils

Disadvantages include:

The motor is equipped with just one semi-speed propeller

:# Very high specific fuel consumption - about 500 grams per 1 hp. per hour versus 300 gr./hp/h. from analogues.

:# Difficulties with spare parts even during the years of production due to the low unification of components.

:# Lack of reverse gear in the gearbox, however, this is a drawback of almost all low-power engines of that time, including the Veterok

:# Unreliable and inconvenient manual starter with a bottom cord.

:# Complex and difficult to adjust carburetor combined with a fuel pump.

:# Lack of built-in tank

:# Disappointing unreliability

Examples of the use of the word surf in literature.

Boiled surf human, Along Aviamotornaya, Along Avtozavodskaya, In the big-eyed factory shops The light burns in the middle of the night, Oh, the Enthusiasts highway, Oh, the road of Muscovites.

Standing in a dark vineyard, Albin listened for a long time to the hum surf and sometimes smiled at something.

The entire Apocalypse is permeated by these waves, there is a certain rhythm in it: the wave of evil grows and then, as during surf, collapses and breaks on the rocks and retreats.

From Kolokolny Boulevard to the Austerlitz Bridge, a roar echoed through the crowd, similar to the noise of the sea. surf.

When twilight covered the distant sea with fog and dressed the land in crimson, they turned into a shallow bay and, having passed the strip surf, came close to a wide shore that smoothly rose from the water, on which drying canoes lay in rows.

He waved his spear, and, like a white-foamed surf, the white lights of the rakshasas rushed forward.

Below us, for many thousands of meters, is emptiness, an endless sea of clouds, rolling in white foam. surf on the steep spiers of the mountains.

Kilometers below us, under the white foam surf rain clouds, invisible ominous greenish clouds of phosgene and an acidic ocean smoked, waiting.

Revealing an unhealed whirlwind in the play of their abysses, the volitional element eliminates forms and terms and adjusts surf to the stringless note of love.

Above the line surf phalaropes, magpies, great auks, fulmars and petrels, petrels, grebes and grebes scurry about.

I reached the bottom of the shaft along the ladder and, plucking up courage, tore off this lid, knelt down and listened to the waste water splashing and rustling there, listened to the riser in which the water flushed from the restrooms splashed, listened to the melodious murmur of the washbasins and the draining of soapy water. from the baths - as if I were listening to a miniature surf sea waves and salty waters, but still, as soon as I pricked up my ears, the scream of fighting rats, gnawing into flesh, moaning and rejoicing, splashing and splashing of fighting rat bodies, sounds that came from an unknown distance, could clearly be heard over all these waters, but I - I knew that if I moved the lid or grate on any outskirts and went down, then the last rat battle would be going on everywhere, that supposedly last rat war, which would end in great rejoicing, and it would last until a reason was found for everything start over.

Behind barrier reef blue green algae have not yet appeared, oceanic surf does not allow them to show their noses from the labyrinth of reefs.

Lowering the book onto his knees, Volgin thoughtfully watched the tireless game surf.

Vegetation swirled wildly around, engulfing the collapsed walls of countless houses. surf bramble, holly, ivy, teasel and weeds.

Climbing onto a shaft of gravel piled surf, Golovnin saw a camp of fabric tents on a gentle slope.

The world's oceans are not allowed to remain completely calm. The waters constantly move, ebb and flow. As a result of surge phenomena, their level sometimes changes dramatically. Vertical currents are formed. The disturbance of the surface is caused by winds, the attraction of the Moon and the Sun, the depths are agitated by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The movements of unstable masses are closely related to the planetary system of air currents above the Earth. Extensive topic. For now, let's talk about what surf is in geography. Poets often ask him not to run away too quickly.

In a lyrical way

Some people have the opportunity to go to the shores of the Black Sea, others - the Volga River, others - the Angara, and others - a small river flowing right behind the garden. They all notice how the waves, powerful or quiet, hit the edge of the earth. They roll, roll, approach, then immediately move away. The process intensifies, subsides, but does not stop.

What is surf according to romantics? A fabulous swing that you can mentally ride on. Slivers and algae do this with enviable consistency - up and down! Everyone who is inclined to animate nature talks about the friendliness of the phenomenon: when you dip your hand in the life-giving moisture, you feel the touch: “Hello, my friend!”

The lyrics give way to a feeling of drive when you imagine an oceanic foamy wave. By the way, “surf” in English is surf. Hence the name modern look sport - surfing. Riding a steep ridge while standing on a special board is an indescribable feeling. Leisure became popular in the 1950s. Long before this, “vertical racing” was not considered a sport - the inhabitants of the Pacific Islands, conquering the elements, demonstrated their courage and defended the right to leadership.

To the gentle sounds

The wind likes to walk easily and spaciously, especially in large spaces. Hostile conditions - reefs, rocks and other treacherous places - create very high waves. The noise of the surf is so loud that you can go deaf! It is dangerous to ride on such “slides”. Where there is coastline, as a rule, organize special places for the entertainment of surfers, using more suitable options for practical purposes.

The measured sound of the surf is a special matter. It can lull, calm, and evoke pleasant thoughts. It happens, excites, inclines to melancholy. I want to cover my ears with my hands and run to where there is silence. There is a certain dependence: after waiting out the alarm, you are again drawn to where the sea or river sounds with eternal chords. That's what surf is!

The waves do not run horizontally: they bounce as they go, making vertical (oscillatory) movements. Fishermen are familiar with the picture: a float up and down, up and down. An integral part of fishing equipment is like a gray feather grass in the steppe: it sways, allowing air currents to pass through, but itself, like the field, never moves.

Wind power

How is a ridge formed? The lower part near the shore slows down on the bottom, the upper part still moves, followed by tilting forward and capsizing. The flow heading towards land is covered with a white cap of foam, the reverse flow is without it. A small wave produces a quiet rustling sound (“The foamy rustle of coastal waves”), a high wave produces a roar reminiscent of thunder.

Returning to the circulation of the atmosphere, we note: the wind presses on the unstable surface, knocking down its fragile balance. With a force of up to 2.4 m/s, a wave usually rises no higher than 4 meters. A storm can severely lift masses up to 20 m. There are known cases of wind waves the size of a ten-story building. The giant soared 34 meters back in 1933 South Africa, at the site of the Agulhas Current.

Such waves are called murderers, robbers, villains, “bad jokes.” They break ships. For a long time it was believed that “wandering waves” were something out of science fiction. Gradually, reliable evidence accumulated and statistical studies were carried out. There are many assumptions about the reasons for its occurrence, but only one thing is clear: the phenomenon is not associated with catastrophic geophysical events.

Once again, we warn you: surfing in the area of “bad jokes” (even not too high) leads to disastrous consequences. Don't take risks! Many people know what a sea surf is, you can’t argue with it!

Advantages and disadvantages

As soon as the wind subsides, the riot of the “robbers” is replaced by ripples or gentle “swings”. When diving to depth, the water disturbance is almost imperceptible. But what depths! Today we are not talking about them. What is surf? This is a powerful destroyer, capable of moving and dragging multi-ton stones. To protect the shore from its energy, people build breakwaters (hydraulic structures).

He's also a builder. Relaxing on a beach - sandy or pebble - people rarely think that the place is a modest gift from the surf. It was he who carefully crushed and rolled large formations, a wonderful natural perpetuum mobile!

Just falling...

One of the most important mechanisms of motion is wave refraction. They rarely break on the shore at right angles. The upward movement of water onto land (skew) occurs at an oblique angle. Water return (backwash) - at right angles to the beach. This results in a net lateral movement of beach material (beach drift).

By mixing, the water becomes enriched with oxygen, becomes less cold, and therefore more suitable for the reproduction and life of the inhabitants of the sea and river depths. Tell and show children what surf, high tide, low tide, current, tsunami, and storms are. It is very interesting! In the meantime, feed on the elements of the ocean, sky, touch the philosophy of existence! See you!