Manor and park pokrovskoe streshnevo. Manor park pokrovskoe-streshnevo

The Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo area got its name from old manor... One side of it adjoins the Volokolamskoe highway, and the other goes into a pine park. In the distant past, this area was called Podjelki. There are still references to the wasteland with this name, which until 1584 belonged to Stepan and Fyodor Tushin, and then was acquired by Elizar Ivanovich Blagovo, a famous politician of the 16th century. The next owner of Podylok was Andrei Fedorovich Palitsyn, a boyar's son, whose life was full of various events.

Tushino at that time was a wasteland, and after some time Palitsyn sold it to the clerk Mikhail Mikhail Feofilatievich Danilov. Danilov was a very successful official and a considerable fortune. In 1622, having bought land on the Khimka River, he turned the wasteland into a village, setting up a courtyard there with business people. According to the data of the Patriarchal Treasury Order, in 1629, a stone "newly arrived church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God was erected in the village, and within the limits of the Miracle of the Archangel Michael, and Alexei the Wonderworker, in the patrimony of the rank clerk Mikhail Danilov in the village of Pokrovskoye - Podyolki". In about 20 years, Danilov expanded his possessions in this area almost tenfold.

For some time the owner of the estate was Fyodor Kuzmich Elizarov. This man began his service from the lowest position, and in 40 years he reached the rank of okolnichi, in charge of the Local Order. Over the years of service, Elizarov managed to earn a good fortune. According to census tales, shortly before his death, he had 500 households, although initially there were 220 households.

In 1664 Rodion Matveyevich Streshnev became the owner of Pokrovskoe. Almost 250 years from that moment, Pokrovskoe belonged to this family, which came to the fore after Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich in 1626 married the daughter of a nobleman of common origin Evdokia Lukyanovna Streshneva. Rodion Streshnev played an important role in the history of Russia. Throughout his life, he served the four first tsars of the new Romanov dynasty. It was he who, from the end of 1670, served as an uncle under the future emperor Peter Alekseevich. Since Pokrovskoe did not promise much profit, Rodion Matveyevich did not particularly work on it. In 1678 in Pokrovskoe there were "9 people enslaved people, 10 families of workers, there are 30 people in them, the yard of the inspector, the yard of the peasant, there are 7 people, and the Bobyl yard, there are 3 people in it." Fish ponds dug on the Chernushka River played an important role in the local economy.

After the death of Rodion Streshnev, Pokrovskoe passed to his only son Ivan, who in 1687 received a huge fortune, equal to 13.5 thousand dessiatines of land in different counties. Then the estate passed to one of the sons of Ivan Rodionovich, Peter. After the decree "On the freedom of the Russian nobility" was issued, Peter Ivanovich Streshnev retired and devoted himself entirely to the economic affairs of his estate. So, in 1766 a new stone manor house was built in Pokrovskoe. The mansion was considered small in size - there were only ten rooms on the first floor, made in the form of a suite. The furnishings of the house were rather modest, the main decoration of the estate was a collection of paintings, consisting of 25 portraits of members of the Streshnev family and 106 paintings.

The Streshnevs were a hospitable family; numerous relatives and prominent statesmen of that era often came to them. Despite the fact that the mansion in Pokrovskoye was built for family needs, and did not differ in a ceremonial view, during the days of the celebration of the Kuchuk-Kainardzhiyskiy peace, the empress visited Pokrovskoye. This was at a time when Elizaveta Petrovna Glebova-Streshneva was the mistress of Pokrovsky.

This personality deserves a more detailed story. From childhood, Elizaveta Petrovna was distinguished by a difficult and rebellious disposition. Her father was widowed early, and then eight of his children died, only his daughter survived, who was immensely pampered, fulfilling all her whims. Perhaps the only time when Elizabeth's father showed harshness towards his daughter was when he forbade her to marry Fyodor Ivanovich Glebov, a widower with a young daughter in her arms. But Elizaveta Streshneva did not give up on her, and after the death of her father she became Glebov's wife. She wrote the following about this: "I was never in love with him, but I realized that this is the only person over whom I can rule, at the same time respecting him." The Glebov-Streshnevs had four children, of whom only two survived. Elizaveta Petrovna raised her children, and then her grandchildren, who remained with her after the death of her eldest son and the second marriage of the widow, severely and even despotically. Her granddaughter, Natalya Petrovna Brevern, who did not hold a grudge against her grandmother, having reached her advanced years, remembered her as one of the last examples of ancient tyranny, only without the flashes and eccentricity usually accompanying him. According to the memoirs of contemporaries, indeed. Elizaveta Petrovna made the most cruel speeches without raising her voice (“only men and women are shouting”). With just her glance, she could put a person in his place. Only in her old age did the lady's character soften.

Elizaveta Petrovna's brothers died while still children, and there were no men who would have continued this old Russian family. So that the surname would not be interrupted, in 1803 Elizaveta Petrovna achieved the right to be called Glebova-Streshneva, as well as to transmit the surname by inheritance. Under Elizaveta Petrovna, a new one was built instead of the old manor house. The building, executed in the style of classicism, had three floors. A regular garden with a fish pond and greenhouses was laid out next to the mansion. A menagerie was also set up, which contained deer, Schlene goats, Chinese, Persian and Cape geese, geese, swans, blue turkeys, peacocks and cranes. At a distance of a verst from the estate, on the steep bank of the Khimki River, a cozy summer house, he was named Elizavetino. The rest of the farm on the estate remained at the same level. In 1813 there were 300 acres of land and seven peasant households with 57 inhabitants.

The manor house in Pokrovskoye was rebuilt several times, and took its final form only at the beginning of the 19th century. The first room that the guests got into was the lobby, which was decorated with a portrait gallery of the Romanov dynasty. A gallery-balcony was arranged in the upper part of the lobby; a wide main staircase with four columns. In the corner stood two staffs with silver heads with coats of arms. In the old days, such high staffs were used for ceremonial trips; in front of the carriage of an eminent nobleman, runners with staff-maces ran and cleared the road. One of the Streshnevski runners was the negro Pompey. When it was decided to open a museum in the estate after the October Revolution, all the paintings were collected in one room - a portrait room. Two doors led from the portrait room to the other rooms. One is in the dining room, decorated in antique style, and the other is in a large white room. The hall was decorated with columns of the Corinthian order, arranged in the form of an octagon inscribed in the oval plan of the room. There was English furniture in the hall. It was illuminated by a bronze chandelier with crystal trimmings, and the floor here and in the adjoining blue living room was paved with multi-colored pieces of wood. In the blue living room, the flowers were painted in the color of the paper in which the sugar heads were wrapped at the time. This was done in the strictest style. From the white room it was also possible to go to the library, and from there to the rooms overlooking the garden: offices and bedrooms.

The manor park consisted of a regular French half and a landscape English one. The park was formed in the 19th century. Its creators got rid of deciduous trees and cultivated conifers - spruce, larch, pine. The regular park was decorated with numerous statues, both of low quality, and marble sculptures by Antonio Bibolotti, which he made especially for the estate in Italy. In the English park, winding paths were laid leading to the cliff over the Khimka river, to the Elizavetino house. It was a small two-story building. The main part of the house was connected by columns with side wings, forming a small cozy courtyard. A picturesque view of the river opened from the balcony-terrace.

After the death of Elizaveta Petrovna, Pokrovskoe passed to her grandson, guard Colonel Evgraf Petrovich Glebov-Streshnev. Under him in 1852 there were 10 households in the village and 82 people, a manor's courtyard and a church. Evgraf Petrovich also left no heirs in the male line, and his younger childless brother Fyodor Petrovich applied for the transfer of his surname to Evgraf Petrovich's son-in-law. The State Council granted the petition, and Prince Mikhail Shakhovskoy since then began to be called Shakhovskoy-Glebov-Streshnev, and transfer this name to the eldest in the family. Shakhovsky's wife, the last mistress of the estate, was a very rich woman who shone in the world. Like many wealthy people, she was involved in charity work; during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, she donated her estate for an infirmary.

Under her, the manor house was once again rebuilt. The new building combines many architectural styles. The building was decorated with high brick towers in the Romanesque style and chambers in the Russian style. The wooden finish of the house was painted to look like bricks. Academician of architecture A.I. Rezanov. A brick wall with towers was built around the estate.

The husband and wife of the Shakhovsky-Glebov-Streshnevs were fans of the theater. Almost at the same time, they built two theater buildings, one in Moscow on Bolshaya Nikitskaya (now the Mayakovsky theater), and the second in Pokrovsky. This manor theater was significantly different from those usually arranged by Moscow landowners. The small theater building adjacent to the house was built very soundly. It was possible to get into it directly from the master's house. The auditorium was lit with candles and, on special occasions, electricity was turned on. The troupe was led by the provincial actor Dolinsky. Performances in Pokrovskoye were held once a week on Sundays, the princess herself took part in them.

The owner's estate was located on the outskirts of a pine park. The area was very picturesque, and Elizaveta Petrovna used this advantage to organize the dacha industry. At the beginning of the 19th century, there were summer country houses with all the necessary utensils. In 1807, Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin rented the dacha in Pokrovskoye, and in 1856 the Bers family in Pokrovskoye was often visited by Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. Local dachas were very expensive from the very beginning, and were intended for people with high incomes. To isolate eminent summer residents from contact with ordinary people, there were barriers and watchmen on the roads leading to the estate. Likewise, the roads to the neighboring village of Nikolskoye were blocked off.

By the mid-1880s, the Goths village had grown significantly. There were 15 households with 263 inhabitants, two shops, 22 landlords and peasants' dachas. After the Moscow-Vindavskaya railway was put into operation in 1901, dacha life in Pokrovsky-Streshnevo revived even more, and here it grew in three to four years suburban village... In 1908, a stationary stone station building was erected on a railway platform according to the project of the architect Brzhozovsky. In the same year, a bus began to run from Pokrovsky to Petrovsky Park. Since people went to Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo to rest and just on weekends or holidays, sometimes there were so many passengers that very long queues were created. The fare was set at 30 kopecks, and on holidays - 40 kopecks. The price for the season of this year ranged from 100 to 2,000 rubles.

After the October Revolution, a children's labor colony of the People's Commissariat of Railways was located in the estate. The inmates of the colony raised pigs, rabbits, poultry here, worked in the vegetable garden and in the garden. Gradually, the colony grew into a children's town, which in 1923 was named after M.I. Kalinin. The town included a sanatorium for 70 places, 26 orphanages, 2 kindergartens, 2 children's colonies, a detachment of young pioneers. There were about a hundred buildings here, in which 1,509 children and 334 adults lived.

In 1925, a museum of art was temporarily housed in a former manor house, but it did not last long. Gradually, the building began to be used as housing. Then, in 1933, Aeroflot set up a rest house for pilots here, and since 1970, a research institute has been working in Pokrovskoye. civil aviation... In 1949, Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo became part of the city, and in the 1970s, massive residential development developed here.

On the right bank of Khimki, opposite Pokrovsky-Streshnev, there was the village of Ivankovo, which has a lot in common with the history of the estate described above. In the time of troubles, the village was destroyed, and for some time a wasteland existed on this place. In 1623, the wasteland belonged to the Duma clerk Ivan Tarasyevich Gramotin. This was a high-ranking official. Initially, Ivan Tarasyevich was written as Ivan Kurbatov, after his father, clerk Taras Kurbat Grigorievich Gramotin.

Ivan Gramotin over the course of his career made himself a considerable fortune, and the methods by which he acted were not the most righteous. It is known that in 1607, while serving in Pskov, he robbed the peasants in the villages. Tormented and even tortured them. Using his high official position, Gramotin managed to acquire for himself the best palace villages, among which was Ivankovo.

Before his death, in 1638, Ivan Gramotin took monastic vows, and appointed the boyar Prince I.B. Cherkassky and okolnichego V.I. Streshnev. It is interesting that in the insertion book of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, where Gramotin made rich donations, and where he was buried, other people are indicated. Gramotin had no children, and a significant part of his fortune was written off for charity.

Ivankovo ​​after his death passed to the Streshnevs, and since then the history of Pokrovsky and this village has become common. In the middle of the 19th century, there were 8 yards with 87 inhabitants in Ivankovo.

After the peasant reform, industrial enterprises began to appear in the vicinity of the village. A paper-spinning mill of the merchant of the 2nd guild Suvirov was opened, and after 8 years a dyeing establishment began to work local resident, who signed up as a merchant, Dorofeev, who until that time worked at Suvirov's factory.

Dorofeev rented two tithes of land from Princess Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshneva, and built 11 small factory buildings on them. This enterprise produced and dyed paper fabrics. There were about 50 workers here, all of them were newcomers, many of them were children. The workers worked only during the day, but for 14 hours. The working conditions were very difficult, the temperature in the dryer reached 50 degrees Celsius, and the humidity was also very high. In 1895 A.D. Dorofeev died, bequeathed his fortune to charity.

Downstream of the river, next to Dorofeev's factory, in 1880, V.P. Mattara, a French citizen. The plant was engaged in the production of wire nails, lattices, hand presses, sofa springs. The enterprise lacked a ventilation system, and wood and metal dust had a detrimental effect on the health of workers. But the earnings here were much higher than that of the Russian manufacturers, and all dangerous drives and gears were isolated. In addition, by Mattara the working day was 11 hours. The mistress of Pokrovsky and Ivankova, Princess E.F. Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshneva was the life chairman of the Moscow Society of Vacation Colonies. For summer dachas of the society, she gave two small dachas on her estate, where pupils of children's gymnasiums at the age of 8-10 came to rest. These were girls from poor families in need of treatment.

Ivankovo, like Pokrovskoe, was considered a popular dacha area. Viktor Andreevich Simov, a famous decorator, built his dacha here. It was a workshop arranged in the form of a steamer. The furnishings were made of wood, with sails acting as curtains on the terrace. The dacha was known as the Seagull. After the October Revolution, it was nationalized, and the government rest house was located here.

Not far from Chaika, the famous theater actor Vasily Vasilyevich Luzhsky built his dacha. Near the house, he laid out a garden in which there were many varieties of roses and lilacs. Luzhsky himself looked after the garden, and introduced new varieties of flowers. A small brick chapel has survived in Ivankovo, built in the late 1920s according to the project of the architect V. Borin.

In the post-revolutionary period, the dachas were nationalized, and sanatoriums and rest homes for party and Soviet workers were placed in them. In 1920, the children of I. Armand were here, and V.I. Lenin.

In 1931, a factory for children's pedagogical toys and thermometers began operating in Ivankovo. It employed about 350 people. There were not enough barracks for workers, and wages were low, so the turnover of staff at the enterprise was high. After the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal began, part of the factory's territory was given to the camp of the Dmitrovlag system. Here were the prisoners who were building the canal. The channel of the canal passed through the local lands, and a dam was erected on Khimka, which formed the Khimki reservoir. Some time later, the village of Ivankovo ​​entered the Moscow line, and a street was named after it. Travel and highway.

After the territory of the modern Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo district entered the Moscow line. It belonged to the Tushino region. In 1991, the Tushino region was divided into three: Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo, South and North Tushino.

History reference:

Also, there could live "foodies" - poor people who barely had enough for food. This area since the XIV century belonged to the boyar Rodion Nestorovich and his descendants - the Tushins. At the end of the reign of Ivan IV, the estate was bought by the clerk E.I. Blagovo. The village was deserted by that time.

In 1608, False Dmitry II set up a camp in these parts. Among his associates was the new owner of the wasteland, Andrey Palitsyn. Soon he went over to the side of the authorities, became a voivode in Murom and in 1622 sold Podjelki to the clerk M.F. Danilov. Under him, a village with the same name and the estate church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos appeared on the site of the wasteland (the exact date of construction is unknown).

In 1664, Pokrovskoe was bought by the owner of the neighboring Ivankov R.M. Streshnev. Since then, the estate has belonged to the Streshnev family.

The new owner practically did not rebuild the village: he erected a “boyarsky courtyard” and several outbuildings. In 1685, he ordered to dig ponds in the upper reaches of the Chernushka river (now mostly enclosed in a pipe) and raise fish in them.

After the death of Ivan Rodionovich, the grandson of the first owner from the Streshnev family, his sons divided his inheritance. Pokrovskoe passed to General-in-Chief Pyotr Streshnev. Under him, the estate expanded and transformed: in the 1750s, the Baroque church was rebuilt, in 1766 a stone manor house in the Elizabethan Baroque style was erected with an enfilade of ten ceremonial rooms and a collection of paintings from more than 130 paintings.

The only surviving daughter, Elizabeth, was the delight of Peter Ivanovich. He spoiled her so much that he raised a tyrant. And yet he did not allow his daughter to marry Fyodor Glebov, a widower with a child. Elizaveta Streshneva married Glebov only a year after her father's death. And when in 1803 the male line of the Streshnevs was cut short, she obtained from Alexander I the right to bear the name of the Glebov-Streshnevs with the descendants.

A verst from the estate, on the bank of the Khimki river, F.I. Glebov built a two-story bathroom house "Elizavetino" as a gift to his wife. It was a real miracle of architecture, but in 1942 the building was destroyed by a German bomb.

In 1799 Fyodor Ivanovich died, and the estate remained on the shoulders of Streshneva. Elizaveta Petrovna ruled powerfully and despotically. Instead of the old house in 1803-1806, a new three-story Empire style was built. It was adjoined by a garden with ponds, 6 greenhouses appeared. The house had a good library and modern gadgets such as a telescope and a microscope.

Nice blue, "the color of sugar paper", living room in a large house, finished a l'antique in the Pompeian style, with beautiful white wood furnishings from the late 18th century. Then you walk through the garden with endless straight paths fringed with century-old trees, walk for a long time to the Bath House, the entrance to which is guarded by a small marble Cupid. The house stands over a gigantic cliff overgrown with a dense forest, which seems to be small shrubs stretching into the distance. This charming toy was built by the husband of Elizaveta Petrovna Streshneva as a surprise to his wife. The house is full of wonderful English prints, good old copies of family portraits. And at every step, in every room, it seems as if the shadows of those who lived here are wandering. In the small red living room you can see the inscription: “On July 16, 1775, Empress Catherine the Great deigned to visit Elizavetino and have tea at the owner of the latter, Elizaveta Petrovna Glebova-Streshneva.

At the beginning of the 19th century, on the opposite side of the estate from Vsekhsvyatskoe to Tushino (modern Volokolamskoe highway), a village of 22 elite dachas appeared. They were expensive, and there was a barrier at the entrance to the village. In 1807 N.M. Karamzin. Here, in 1856, to the dacha of the doctor of the court department A.E. Bersa was often visited by L.N. Tolstoy. Here he first met Bersov's twelve-year-old daughter Sonechka, who became his wife 6 years later. Tolstoy stayed in the visitor's room on the first floor, while the children lived on the second with a nanny and a servant.

After the death of Elizaveta Glebova-Streshneva in 1838, the estate passed to Colonel E.P. Glebov-Streshnev, and then to his niece Evgenia Fedorovna Brevern, who married Prince M.V. Shakhovsky. Due to the suppression of the male line of the Glebov-Streshnevs, she received the triple surname Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshnev. And Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo began to be called Pokrovskoe-Glebovo.

Evgenia Fedorovna Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshneva became the last owner of the estate. She decided to turn it into a kind of fabulous medieval castle.

In 1880, according to the project of A.I. Rezanov and K.V. Tersky was built here an ensemble of lordly services in the form of a horseshoe. On the end sides of the manor house, 2 wings were built in the form of stylized castle turrets, and the house was built on with a toothed wooden tower painted to look like brick.

Many guests came to the estate, especially in summer. Evgenia Fyodorovna was rich: she had a villa in Italy, a yacht on the Mediterranean Sea, and a railway saloon carriage for travel to the south. But most of the time she spent in the family estate.

Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshneva divided the estate into 3 zones:
1) the neighborhood of the house with a regular park and greenhouses and paths in Elizavetino - for the personal use of the family and specially invited guests.
2) "Karlsbad", that is, the area above Khimka and beyond the Ivankovskaya road. Here you could walk on tickets, fish in the river, ride boats. The borders of "Carlsbad" were marked with a sheared spruce hedge.
3) East End park from the road to Nikolskoye to the border with the lands of the village of Vsekhsvyatskoye and with Koptevskie settlements. Here you could pick mushrooms and walk on the grass with tickets.

But for a long time Pokrovskoe remained a popular dacha place.

At the beginning of the 20th century, dachas were rented out at a price of 100 to 2,000 rubles per season, and they were so popular that in the summer of 1908 a bus was launched between Pokrovsky and Petrovsky-Razumovsky.

After the revolution, the estate, together with the dachas, turned into a sanatorium of the Central Committee, and then passed into the jurisdiction of a rest house for textile workers. In 1925, a museum was set up in the main house, where the atmosphere of the former manor's estate was recreated. But in 1928 it was closed and ruined. In 1933, a rest house for military pilots was located in the estate, and since 1970 the building has been under the jurisdiction of the Research Institute of Civil Aviation.

Now the entire Pokrovskoe-Glebovo-Streshnevo area has been declared a protected area. The manor's estate is being restored, although it looks abandoned.

They say that...... arriving at Pokrovskoe, Elizabeth ordered to arrange a bathhouse in the neighboring village and complained that there was no master's house there. This is how Elizavetino appeared.
... in the fall of 1943, the nuclear laboratory moved to Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo from Pyzhevsky lane, and already on December 25, 1946, the first nuclear reactor in Europe was launched here.

Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo in photographs of different years:

When driving along Volokolamskoe highway towards the region, you always pay attention to an unusual complex of buildings on the right in front of the water utility. It seems that behind the red brick wall is a beautiful noble estate... True, the view from the side of the highway does not resemble the usual appearance of an old Russian estate, but rather some kind of Russian-Gothic style. This is Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo - a former noble estate near Moscow with a park. The estate includes a classicist manor house, a 17th century patrimonial church and buildings in the pseudo-Russian style.

1. The Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos was built in 1629. The Pokrovskoe estate was later named after the church. It belonged to the noble family of the Streshnevs, who were relatives of the Romanov dynasty. Evdokia Streshneva was the wife of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, the mother of Alexei Mikhailovich Quiet. Since that time, the estate began to be called Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo.

View of the wall and the church from the Volokolamskoe highway

2. The latest information about the state of the estate reported that the Higher School of Economics had abandoned the noble estate in the Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo park. Let me remind you that at the end of 2012 the estate was transferred to the balance of the HSE. Restoration work on the restoration of the architectural monument did not begin, the building was destroyed, access to visitors was denied. Perhaps now, after the manor has been withdrawn to the state treasury, restoration work will begin in it, after which the noble manor will be opened to the public.

3. So we decided to see the state of the estate now.

4. There are not so many monuments of federal significance left in Moscow, while their number is steadily decreasing. So far, the fate of the Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo estate is also sad. The monument is under state protection, but the state of the estate is getting worse every year.

5. Only the gates to the temple were open ...

6. The church is protected by the state as an architectural monument and is an integral part of the Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo estate complex. It was built at the beginning of the 17th century by the clerk M.F. Danilov. In 1750, the owner of the estate P.I. Streshnev organized the rebuilding of the church, as a result of which it acquired the features of the Baroque style. However, the planned configuration of the building remained the same. About ten years later, a three-tiered bell tower was completed. After that, the church practically did not change appearance until the end of the 19th century, only in 1894 the church was expanded.

Temple view from the South Reach

7. A distinctive feature of the temple was the absence of an altar ledge on the eastern facade.

8. Mosaic frescoes of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker (left) and Holy Apostles Peter and Paul (right) were made by masters from Belarus in 2006.

Mosaic fresco of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the western facade

9. Despite repeated reconstructions, the Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos is of significant historical and architectural value as one of the few examples in Moscow and its immediate environs of a patrimonial church of the first third of the 17th century with an unconventional compositional solution.

10. On the territory of the temple everything is ready for Easter.

11. The manor house can only be viewed through the main gate or from the side of the park. Access to the territory is guarded by an intractable watchman, and in addition, some preparatory work has begun there. I had to be content with an external examination.

12. At the beginning of the 19th century, the estate received a new name: Glebovo-Streshnevo, or Pokrovskoye-Glebovo. This is due to the double surname of the new owner of the estate, Elizaveta Streshneva-Glebova. The last owner of the estate was Evgenia Fedorovna Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshneva. She decided to turn the family estate into a kind of semblance medieval castle... In 1880, according to the project of architects A.I. Rezanov and K.V. Tersky, an original ensemble of lordly services was built here, planned in the form of a horseshoe. Outbuildings were added to the end sides of the manor house, some of them in the form of stylized castle turrets, a superstructure over the old house was made in the form of a crenellated wooden tower painted like a brick.

13. So it turns out that the manor house over time significantly changed its appearance, depending on the taste and preferences of the owners.

Estate Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo. 1766 Facade of the main house. Photo from the book: N. Ya. Tikhomirov / Architecture of Moscow Region estates, M.-Gos. Ed. literature on construction and architecture.

The facade of a house in a 1920s postcard. Photo http://oiru.archeologia.ru/history25.htm

15. But if we mentally discard the late additions and superstructures, we will see the still preserved features of an ordinary two-story "master's" house near Moscow, late 18th - early 19th centuries.

Photos from the Internet

16. In 1889-1890, according to the project of architects FN Kolbe and AP Popov, a powerful stone fence with red brick towers in the pseudo-Russian style was erected around the estate.

17. In the post-revolutionary period, the estate, together with the dachas, passed into state ownership and was turned into a sanatorium of the Central Committee, and then passed into the jurisdiction of a rest home for textile workers. In 1925, a museum was organized on the territory of the estate, which was soon devastated and completely destroyed. In 1933, a rest house for military pilots was arranged in the estate, during wartime there was a hospital, since 1970 there was a research institute of civil aviation.

18. In the 80s, when the estate belonged to Aeroflot, restoration work began and the estate was returned to its original appearance of the early 19th century. The corner tower of the fence and the arched part of the wall with the front gate were restored. In the spring of 1992, a fire broke out in the palace, which destroyed the attic floor and seriously damaged the ceremonial halls of the second floor. The restoration of the palace began, already in the mid-90s the volume of the main house was restored and interior finishing work began, but was interrupted. Since then, the palace has been virtually abandoned. In 2003, Aeroflot sold the palace to private hands, in 2012 it was returned to the state by court and transferred to the operational management of the Higher School of Economics.

19. We managed to shoot the park facade of the house in more or less detail.

20. This facade has a shallow straight balcony with columns (loggia) and decorations on the walls and at the windows.

33. And now the estate is again in the hands of the state ...

34. Outside the gates of the old manor - the urban landscape of the XXI century.

35. Pretty large park Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo deserves, of course, a longer walk.

36. A platform and station Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo are located at the Volokolamskoe highway overpass above the railway tracks. In 1901, the Moscow-Vindava (now Riga) railway was built, and a railway platform was opened in front of the estate.

37. In 1908 the architect Brzhozovsky - the author of the Moscow-Vindavskaya railroad, a station building with a wooden passenger pavilion, made in the Northern Art Nouveau style, was built. The stone building of the station has been preserved on the slope from the side of Krasnogorsk passages, and the wooden pavilion collapsed from dilapidation in the late 1980s.

38. This is how these buildings looked at the very beginning. Will there be a Renaissance?

The building of the station Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo. The beginning of the XX century. Photo http://oldmos.ru/photo/view/22871

I always wondered what was hiding behind the red stone wall on Volokolamka (Volokolamskoe shosse, 52). The Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo estate is sometimes also called Pokrovskoe-Glebovo and Glebovo-Streshnevo. Pokrovskoe - after the village of the same name, Streshnevo - after the names of the first owners. And now it is not clear who the new owner is and who will restore it.

View from the church

The estate is overgrown

Column

Age-old trees

Old maps of the area

1766 year. Pokrovskoe village

1955 on the American map

Story

The Pokrovskoe-Glebovo-Streshnevo estate is located on the site of the Podyolki wasteland, which was first mentioned in the scribes of 1585. At that time it was owned by Elizar Ivanovich Blagovo, a prominent figure in the second half of the 16th century. The wasteland most likely owes its name to the prevailing spruce forests in this area. At the beginning of the 17th century, A.F. Palitsyn became the owner of the wasteland, who sided with False Demetrius II, but then went over to the side of the legitimate authorities. In 1622 he sold the wasteland to the clerk Mikhail Feofilatievich Danilov, who is building a village here. In 1629, a stone "newly arrived Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos, and in the aisles the Miracle of the Archangel Michael and Alexei the Wonderworker" was erected in the village. From that time on, the history of the village of Pokrovskoye begins. According to the census book of 1646, there are 8 peasant households in it. (According to other sources, at first the Church of the Intercession was wooden, the stone church was built later, in 1646) After the death of clerk Danilov, the estate was owned by F.K. Elizarov for a short time. In 1664 he sold Pokrovskoe-Podjelki to Rodion Matveyevich Streshnev. At this time, there are already 220 households in the village. The Streshnevs owned the estate for 250 years. This family was ignorant until 1626, when Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov married Evdokia Lukyanovna Streshneva. There were 10 children from this marriage, including the future Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.
Since then, the family has moved forward and occupied a prominent place in the court hierarchy. One of the owners of Pokrovsky, Elizaveta Petrovna Streshneva, married Fedor Ivanovich Glebov and in 1803 obtained permission for her family to be called a double surname: Streshnevs-Glebovs. After that, the village of Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo received another name - Pokrovskoe-Glebovo. At the beginning of the 19th century, in the vicinity of Pokrovskoye, "summer houses with all kinds of belonging" were rented out. Dachas in Pokrovskoye have always been considered fashionable and very expensive. In 1807, N.M. Karamzin lived here, who worked on the "History of the Russian State". In 1856, Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo was visited by L.N. Tolstoy, who was visited there by Lyubov Bers.
Subsequently, he married one of her daughters, Sofya Andreevna. The Church of the Intercession is the oldest building in the area. Built at the beginning of the 17th century, it was rebuilt many times, reflecting with its appearance the dominant architectural trends of different times. In the middle of the 18th century, it was given lush baroque features and a refectory was added. And since 1822 the temple was rebuilt in the Empire style. In 1896 it took on an eclectic form. The bell tower was built in the 1770s. The church fence with a front entrance and corner towers was built at the end of the 18th century. After the 1917 revolution, a museum was organized in the estate. In the 30s of the XX century, the museum and the church were closed, the bell tower of the church was partially destroyed. Divine services in the Intercession Church were resumed in 1994.
After the Great Patriotic War in Pokrovskoye, a rest house was placed for military pilots, and later the estate was given to the Research Institute of Civil Aviation. Nowadays, the territory of the estate, which has long been within the boundaries of Moscow, has been declared a protected area. The fence of the estate with towers was restored. The restoration of the church and the noble house is progressing rather slowly, so the main attraction of the estate is now the century-old park.
In November 2003, Aeroflot sold the estate at 52 Volokolamskoye Shosse to Stroy Arsenal for $ 2.8 million. territory is invalid. However, on March 29, 2006, Rosimushchestvo was dismissed in the court of first instance, but an appeal on July 19, 2006 canceled the decision. The court ruled to seize the property purchased by the company from Stroy Arsenal and transfer it to Ros-property. The cassation instance and the Supreme Arbitration Court upheld the decision.

Old photos for comparison

Links to Panoramio and Google Earth
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/25470170
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/25470010
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/25469958
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/25465149
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/25470386
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/25470625

I begin to tense, I stare at him in disbelief. And he continues: "There is a cool house, inside there are Atlanteans and you can walk around and take pictures everywhere. Only 100 rubles entrance." I thought the museum offered me something, but then it turns out that this is a watchman and he needs a hangover, and there is not a boring museum at all, but a funky abandoned manor.

The place is called the Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo estate, located next to the Volokolamskoe highway in the park of the same name in the north-west of Moscow.

This is a former noble estate near Moscow, adjacent to a large green park. Consists of a manor house in the style of classicism and a temple of the 17th century, there are also buildings in the pseudo-Russian style. Is an object cultural heritage... According to the watchman, the estate will be restored in 2019, but this is not certain ((

The estate belonged to the Streshnev family. This is a Russian noble family, which rose after the marriage in 1626 of Evdokia Streshneva with Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. Many of the queen's relatives were granted to the boyars. There were 10 children from this marriage, including the future Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. But the genus in the 19th century ceased to exist, in this moment there are no descendants.

2. Here is such an arch overlooking the Volokolamskoe highway. There is also a watchman who happily guides you inside.

3. The only danger is a bunch of dogs barking and ready to pounce. But the watchman said that they do not bite, it’s hard to believe, so it’s better to take a stick.

4. The house consists of three floors with 200 rooms.

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7. Once upon a time it was beautiful here.

8. It will take 1-2 hours for a photo walk and inspection of all rooms.

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11. This is what the roof looks like.

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14. Despite the fact that somewhere there is no floor, everywhere you can walk safely.

15. Found two Atlanteans.

16. First floor.

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