Panorama of Torre del Greco. Virtual tour of Torre del Greco

Torre del Greco and Mount Vesuvius

Port in Torre del Greco

Torre del Greco. Painting by A. A. Ivanov

Torre del Greco(Italian Torre del Greco) - a city in Italy, located in the Campania region in the province of Naples.

The patron saint of the city is Saint Januarius.

Geographical position

The city lies between the Vesuvius volcano and the Gulf of Naples.

Neighboring communes: Boscotrecase, Ercolano, Torre Annunziata, Trecase.

History

During the Roman Empire, the villas of the Roman patricians were located in Torre del Greco, presumably the entire suburb of the old Herculanium. In 79 AD, the eruption of Mount Vesuvius destroyed this village.

Around 700, on the site of Torro del Greco, there was a village called Turris Octava.

In 880 the territory of the city was inhabited by the Saracens. The name Torre del Greco was first mentioned in 1015. According to legend, it was given to the city either in honor of the hermit who lived in the tower, or in honor of a special wine brought from Greece.

Torre del Greco was part of the kingdom of Naples until King Alfonso V of Aragon handed it over to the Carafa family.

In 1631, Torre del Greco began again to be destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius.

In 1699, the inhabitants of the city bought it for 106,000 ducats from its own landlord, the Marquis of Monfort, and since then the city has flourished, developing as a seaside commercial and fishing port. At the same time, a tradition arose to make decorations from coral.

In 1794 historical Center Torre del Greco was buried under a 10-meter layer of lava.

During the French reign of King Murat, Torre del Greco, with its 18,000 inhabitants, was the third largest city in the Kingdom of Naples after Naples and Foggia.

Beginning in the 16th century, wealthy families and the nobility of Italy began to build their summer residences here. The most notable of them is the Palazzo Materazzo, which served as a dance school in the 70s of the 20th century. In the aftermath of the 1980 earthquake, it was captured by the homeless poor.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the city was a popular summer resort for wealthy Italians. In those years, Torre del Greco was famous for its cafes and restaurants, the more the Art Nouveau Grand Café Palumbo. Among the famous Italians who spent their summers here every year was the comedian Toto. The city owes its popularity to its beautiful beaches, colorful farms, vineyards and proximity to Mount Vesuvius. From here, the route for tourists who climbed the mountain began, and later a funicular was built, delivering those who wish from the city to the crater of the volcano.

During World War II, a German ammunition depot was located in the city, as a result of which it has experienced bombing on itself more than once.

In the aftermath of World War II, tourism quickly fell into decay, with the advent of a very large number of cars, the funicular was no longer in use, which means that the main reason to visit the city has disappeared. In addition, urbanization and population growth have destroyed the charm of the place, and tourist flows have shifted to Sorrento and the Amalfi Coast. V This moment not quite reminiscent of the heyday.

The main branch of the city's economy remains the creation of products and jewelry made of mother-of-pearl and coral, in particular cameos. This industry employs about 1000 residents, corals are primarily delivered from Asia.

sights

• The ruins of Roman buildings, including the so-called Villa Sora (1st century), are likely to belong to the Flavian dynasty.
• Zoccolanti Monastery with 28 frescoes depicting the life of St. Francis of Assisi.
• Church of the Holy Cross, whose Baroque bell tower burned down in lava flows in 1794.
• The Church of St. Misha was built in the 17th century.
• House delle Ginestre, where the poet Giacomo Laopardi stayed.
• Coral Museum.

Famous countrymen

• Albanese, Francesco (1912-2005) - Italian tenor
• Accardo, Salvatore (1941) - Italian violinist, conductor
• Zingarelli, Nicolo Antonio (1752-1837) - composer
• Honorato, Antonio (1964) - composer and guitarist

• torredelgreco.na.it/ Official website of Torre del Greco (Italian)
• Peace of the Earth. The eruption of Vesuvius (Russian)

Agerola | Anacapri | Arzano | Afragola | Acerra | Bacoli | Barano d "Ischia | Boscoreale | Boscotrekaze | Brusciano | Vico Equense | Villaricca | Vishano | Volla | Gragnano | Grumo Nevano | Giugliano in Campagna | Ischia | Casavatore | Casalnuovo di Napoli | Casamarciano | Casamicciola Terme | Casandrino | Casola di Napoli | Casoria | Caivano | Calvizzano | Camposano | Capri | Carbonara di Nola | Cardito | Castellammare di Stabia | Castello di Cisterna | Qualiano | Quarto | Comiziano | Crispano | Lacco Ameno | Lettere | Liveri | Marano di Napoli | Marillianella | Marigliano | Massa Lubrense | Massa di Somma | Melito di Napoli | Meta | Monte di Procida | Munano di Napoli | Naples | Nola | Ottaviano | Palma Campania | Pimonte | Pogjomarino | Pollena Trocchia | Pomigliano d "Arco | Pompeii | Portici | Pozzuoli | Procida | Piano di Sorrento | Roccarainol | Saviano | San Vitaliano | San Gennaro Vesuviano | San Giorgio a Cremano | San Giuseppe Vesuviano | San Paolo Belle Cito | San Sebastiano al Vesuvio | Sant "Anastasia | Sant" Antimo | Sant "Antonio Abate | Sant" Agniello | Santa Maria la Carita | Serrara Fontana | Somma Vesuvius | Sorrento | Striano | Terzigno | Torre Annunziata | Torre del Greco| Trekase | Tufino | Forio | Frattamaggiore | Frattaminore | Cherkola | Cimitile | Chicciano | Shishano | Ercolano

The sun is the source of life on the planet. Its rays provide the necessary light and warmth. At the same time, the ultraviolet radiation of the Sun is detrimental to all living things. To find a compromise between the beneficial and harmful properties of the sun, meteorologists calculate the index of ultraviolet radiation, which characterizes the degree of its danger.

What UV radiation from the Sun is

Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun has a wide range and is divided into three regions, two of which reach the Earth.

• UV-A. Long-wavelength radiation range
  315-400 nm

  The rays pass almost freely through all atmospheric "barriers" and reach the Earth.

• UV-B. Medium wavelength range
  280-315 nm

  The rays are 90% absorbed by the ozone layer, carbon dioxide and water vapor.

• UV-C. Shortwave range
  100-280 nm

  The most dangerous area. They are completely absorbed by stratospheric ozone before reaching the Earth.

The more ozone, clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere, the less the harmful effects of the Sun. However, these saving factors have a high natural variability. The annual maximum of stratospheric ozone is in the spring, and the minimum is in the fall. Cloudiness is one of the most variable characteristics of weather. The carbon dioxide content also changes all the time.

At what values ​​of the UV index is there a danger

The UV Index gives an estimate of the amount of UV radiation from the Sun at the Earth's surface. UV Index values ​​range from safe 0 to extreme 11+.

• 0 - 2 Low
• 3 - 5 Moderate
• 6 - 7 High
• 8 - 10 Very high
• 11+ Extreme

At mid-latitudes, the UV index approaches unsafe values ​​(6–7) only at the maximum height of the Sun above the horizon (occurs in late June - early July). At the equator, the UV index reaches 9 ... 11+ points throughout the year.

Why the sun is useful

In small doses, UV radiation from the Sun is essential. The sun's rays synthesize melanin, serotonin, vitamin D necessary for our health, and prevent rickets.

Melanin creates a kind of protective barrier for skin cells from the harmful effects of the sun. Because of it, our skin darkens and becomes more elastic.

The hormone of happiness serotonin affects our well-being: it improves mood and increases overall vitality.

Vitamin D strengthens the immune system, stabilizes blood pressure and has antirachitic functions.

Why the sun is dangerous

Taking sun baths, it is important to understand that the line between beneficial and harmful Sun is very thin. Excessive tanning always borders on a burn. Ultraviolet radiation damages DNA in skin cells.

The body's defense system cannot cope with such an aggressive effect. It lowers immunity, damages the retina of the eyes, causes aging of the skin, and can lead to cancer.

Ultraviolet light destroys the DNA chain

How the sun affects people

Susceptibility to UV radiation depends on skin type. People of the European race are most sensitive to the Sun - for them protection is required already at index 3, and 6 is considered dangerous.

At the same time, for Indonesians and African Americans, this threshold is 6 and 8, respectively.

Who is most affected by the Sun

People with light
skin tone

People with many moles

Mid-latitude residents on holiday in the south

Winter lovers
fishing

Alpine skiers and climbers

People with a family history of skin cancer

In what weather is the sun more dangerous

It is a common misconception that the Sun is dangerous only in hot and clear weather. You can get burnt even in cool cloudy weather.

Cloudiness, no matter how dense it may be, does not at all reduce the amount of ultraviolet radiation to zero. In mid-latitudes, cloudiness significantly reduces the risk of sunburn, which cannot be said about traditional places. beach holiday... For example, in the tropics, if in sunny weather you can get sunburned in 30 minutes, in cloudy weather - in a couple of hours.

How to protect yourself from the sun

To protect yourself from destructive rays, follow these simple rules:

Stay less in the Sun at midday hours

Wear light-colored clothing, including wide-brimmed hats

Use protective creams

Wear sunglasses

You are more in the shade on the beach

Which sunscreen to choose

Sunscreen differs in the degree of protection from the sun and is marked from 2 to 50+. The numbers indicate the proportion of solar radiation that overcomes the protection of the cream and reaches the skin.

For example, when applying a cream labeled 15, only 1/15 (or 7%) of the UV rays will penetrate the protective film. In the case of cream 50 - only 1/50, or 2%, affect the skin.

Sunscreen creates a reflective layer on the body. At the same time, it is important to understand that no cream is capable of reflecting 100% of ultraviolet radiation.

For everyday use, when the time spent under the sun does not exceed half an hour, a cream with protection 15 is quite suitable. For sunbathing on the beach, it is better to take 30 or more. However, for light-skinned people it is recommended to use a cream labeled 50+.

How to apply sunscreen

The cream should be applied evenly to all exposed skin, including the face, ears and neck. If you plan to sunbathe long enough, then the cream should be applied twice: 30 minutes before going out and, additionally, before going to the beach.

Specify the required amount for application in the instructions of the cream.

How to apply sunscreen when swimming

Sunscreen should be applied every time you bathe. Water washes away the protective film and, reflecting the sun's rays, increases the dose of ultraviolet radiation received. Thus, when bathing, the risk of sunburn increases. However, due to the cooling effect, you may not feel the burn.

Excessive sweating and towel drying is also a reason to re-protect your skin.

It should be remembered that on the beach, even under an umbrella, the shade does not provide adequate protection. Sand, water and even grass reflect up to 20% of UV rays, increasing their effect on the skin.

How to protect your eyes

Sunlight bouncing off water, snow, or sand can cause painful retinal burns. Use UV-filtered sunglasses to protect your eyes.

Danger for skiers and climbers

In the mountains, the atmospheric "filter" is thinner. For every 100 meters of altitude, the UV index increases by 5%.

Snow reflects up to 85% of UV rays. In addition, up to 80% of the ultraviolet reflected by the snow cover is again reflected by the clouds.

Thus, the Sun is most dangerous in the mountains. Protecting your face, lower chin and ears is essential even in cloudy weather.

How to deal with sunburn if you are burned

Sponge your body with a damp sponge to dampen the burn

Apply an anti-burn cream to the burned areas.

If the temperature rises, consult a doctor, you may be advised to take an antipyretic

If the burn is severe (the skin is very swollen and blistering), seek medical attention

Torre del Greco (Italian Torre del Greco, Neap. Torre d''o Grieco, Torre "o Grieco) is a city in Italy, located in the Campania region in the province of Naples. The patron saint of the city is Saint Januarius.

Geographical position

The city lies between Mount Vesuvius and the Gulf of Naples. Neighboring communes: Boscotrecase, Ercolano, Torre Annunziata, Trecase.

During the Roman Empire, the villas of the Roman patricians were located in Torre del Greco, presumably a suburb of ancient Herculanium. In 79 AD, the eruption of Mount Vesuvius destroyed this village. Around 700, on the site of Torro del Greco, there was a village called Turris Octava (Latin Turris Octava, Turris de Octava). In 880 the territory of the city was inhabited by the Saracens. The name Torre del Greco was first mentioned in 1015. According to legend, it was given to the city either in honor of the hermit who lived in the tower, or in honor of a special wine brought from Greece. Torre del Greco was part of the kingdom of Naples until King Alphonse V of Aragon handed it over to the Carafa family. In 1631, Torre del Greco was again destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius. In 1699, the inhabitants of the city bought it for 106,000 ducats from their landlord, the Marquis of Monfort, and since then the city has flourished, developing as a seaside commercial and fishing port. At the same time, the tradition of making jewelry from coral arose. In 1794, the historic center of Torre del Greco was buried under a 10-meter layer of lava. During the French reign of King Murat, Torre del Greco, with its 18,000 inhabitants, was the third largest city in the Kingdom of Naples after Naples and Foggia. Beginning in the 16th century, wealthy families and the nobility of Italy began to build their summer residences here. The most notable of them is the Palazzo Materazzo, which served as a dance school in the 70s of the 20th century. After the 1980 earthquake, it was taken over by the displaced poor. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the city was a popular summer resort for wealthy Italians. In those years, Torre del Greco was famous for its cafes and restaurants, especially the Art Nouveau Gran Café Palumbo. Among the famous Italians who spent the summer here every year was the comedian Toto. The city owes its popularity to its beautiful beaches, picturesque farms, vineyards and proximity to Mount Vesuvius. From here, the route for tourists who climbed the mountain began, and later a funicular was built, delivering those who wish from the city to the crater of the volcano. During the Second World War, a German ammunition depot was located in the city, as a result of which it has repeatedly experienced bombing. After World War II, tourism quickly fell into disrepair, with the advent of a large number of cars, the funicular was no longer used, and therefore, the main reason to visit the city disappeared. In addition, urbanization and population growth have destroyed the charm of the place, and tourist flows have shifted to Sorrento and the Amalfi Coast. Now there is little reminiscent of the time of its former heyday. The main ...

Torre del Greco - Big City in the province of Naples in Italian region Campaign with a population of about 88 thousand people. Interestingly, the inhabitants of the city are sometimes called "corallini" because of the huge amount of coral in the coastal waters. Torre del Greco himself has been a major manufacturer of coral jewelry and cameo brooches since the 17th century.

Historians suggest that at the time Ancient rome Torre del Greco was a suburb of Herculaneum, which is indirectly confirmed by the fragments of aristocratic villas found here. After the catastrophic eruption of Vesuvius in 79th year, when many settlements in the area were destroyed, two villages were founded on the site of Torre - Sora and Kalastro. In 535, the Byzantine general Belisarius forced the population of these villages to move to Naples, and in the 8th century, the first mentions of the settlement of Turris Octava appear, which was probably so named because of the coastal watchtowers. In 880, the town was settled by the Saracens with the permission of the Neapolitan bishop Athanasius. Its modern name - Torre del Greco - appeared in 1015. According to one version, it refers to a Greek hermit who found refuge in one of the coastal towers.

In the Middle Ages, Torre del Greco was part of the Kingdom of Naples until King Alfonso V of Aragon transferred it to the ownership of the Carafa family. In 1631, the city again suffered from the eruption of Vesuvius, but it soon began to flourish as a sea trade port and fishing center. It was then that the extraction of corals and the production of products from them began to develop. In 1794, the historic center of Torre del Greco was buried under a 10-meter layer of lava.

During the French rule, Torre del Greco was the third largest city in the Kingdom of Naples after Naples and Foggia. On its outskirts, from the 16th century, summer residences of wealthy citizens and visitors from other parts of Italy began to be built. Among the most luxurious residences was the Palazzo Materazzo, which was converted into a dance school in 1970. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Torre del Greco was a popular summer resort for wealthy Italians who appreciated the local sandy beaches, picturesque rural landscapes, blooming vineyards and proximity to Vesuvius. It was this proximity that made the city a starting point for climbing the mountain, which was also facilitated by the construction of a funicular that could take tourists from the city center to the crater itself.

During the Second World War, Torre del Greco suffered significantly from the allied bombing, and after the war tourism industry began to gradually decline. The funicular also fell into disrepair. In addition, since the 1950s, urbanization, urban development and population growth have deprived Torre del Greco of its cozy rural flair, and most tourists have moved to neighboring Sorrento and the Amalfi Coast. Little is reminiscent of the city's former glory as a tourist resort. Attractions include the Monastery of Zoccolanti with a frescoed cloister, the parish church of Santa Croce with a baroque bell tower, the 17th century church of San Michele, Villa delle Ginestre, where the poet Giacomo Leopardi lived, the Coral Museum and the ruins of the Roman Villa Sora 1st century.

Torre del Greco (Italian Torre del Greco) is a city in Italy, located in the Campania region in the province of Naples.

Famous countrymen

sights

History

During the Roman Empire, the villas of the Roman patricians were located in Torre del Greco, presumably a suburb of ancient Herculanium. In 79 AD, the eruption of Mount Vesuvius destroyed this village.

Around 700, on the site of Torro del Greco, there was a village called Turris Octava.

In 880 the territory of the city was inhabited by the Saracens. The name Torre del Greco was first mentioned in 1015. According to legend, it was given to the city either in honor of the hermit who lived in the tower, or in honor of a special wine brought from Greece.

Torre del Greco was part of the kingdom of Naples until King Alphonse V of Aragon handed it over to the Carafa family.

In 1631, Torre del Greco was again destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius.

In 1699, the inhabitants of the city bought it for 106,000 ducats from their landlord, the Marquis of Monfort, and since then the city has flourished, developing as a seaside commercial and fishing port. At the same time, the tradition of making jewelry from coral arose.

In 1794, the historic center of Torre del Greco was buried under a 10-meter layer of lava.

During the French reign of King Murat, Torre del Greco, with its 18,000 inhabitants, was the third largest city in the Kingdom of Naples after Naples and Foggia.

Beginning in the 16th century, wealthy families and the nobility of Italy began to build their summer residences here. The most notable of them is the Palazzo Materazzo, which served as a dance school in the 70s of the 20th century. After the 1980 earthquake, it was taken over by the displaced poor.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the city was a popular summer resort for wealthy Italians. In those years, Torre del Greco was famous for its cafes and restaurants, especially the Art Nouveau Gran Café Palumbo. Among the famous Italians who spent the summer here every year was the comedian Toto. The city owes its popularity to its beautiful beaches, picturesque farms, vineyards and proximity to Mount Vesuvius. From here, the route for tourists who climbed the mountain began, and later a funicular was built, delivering those who wish from the city to the crater of the volcano.

During the Second World War, a German ammunition depot was located in the city, as a result of which it has repeatedly experienced bombing.

After World War II, tourism quickly fell into disrepair, with the advent of a large number of cars, the funicular was no longer used, and therefore, the main reason to visit the city disappeared. In addition, urbanization and population growth have destroyed the charm of the place, and tourist flows have shifted to Sorrento and the Amalfi Coast. Now there is little reminiscent of the time of its former heyday.

The main branch of the city's economy remains the production of products and jewelry made of mother-of-pearl and coral, in particular cameos. This industry employs about 1000 inhabitants, corals are mainly delivered from Asia.

Geographical position

The city lies between Mount Vesuvius and the Gulf of Naples.