Depth map - white sea and channel. Rest in Karelia, rest on the White Sea, rent of yachts, boats for expeditions, geological and natural excursions, fishing in the White Sea, accommodation in Chupa From Sorokskaya Bay to the port of Kem

Electronic charts C-MAP - navigation software that provides decent quality of navigation information presented in the database with high resolution details. They are compatible with most models of personal computers, laptops and well-known brands. Information is available from official navigation sources and commercial bases. Maps allow you to plot a route from anywhere in the world, creating your own new waters. The assortment includes cards for various types of media. They all differ in functionality and localization.

C-MAP card formats

The main language of C-MAP maps is English, but the user can switch to another national or local language out of 140 options available in the database. The C-Marina Port Database package is a separate application, it makes it possible to identify the parameters of the harbors, the availability of nearby hotels and restaurants, attractions at the mooring site, as well as other other information with contact details. we offer to purchase cards of the following types:

C-Map NT + - basic option for chartplotters, suitable for small fleets, localization covers the Mediterranean and Black Sea, Europe, Southeast Asian countries and the Russian Federation;

C-Map MAX - basic solution for chartplotters with systematic updated data, has many additional options;

C-Map 4D - a version for chartplotters, in which it is possible to enter your own information on the map;

C-Map MAX Pro - an interactive PC-based instrument solution with online adjustments, the Pro + Coastal series is adapted for riverboats and river-sea vessels;

C-Map Professional and Professional + series - interactive vector database SENC, designed for ECS and ECDIS;

C-Map MAX-N - The newest map format for Lowrance, the N + version gives you detailed tides and currents, is equipped with a route guidance and correction function;

C-Map ENC is a solution that allows you to get official information from hydrographic services.

High-resolution bathymetric maps are used to study the underwater relief, equipped with detailed coastal and seabed contours. The manufacturer releases updates to maps 2-3 times a year, so interactive information on all types of maps corresponds to the current changes. The global collection of databases, combined with high quality maps, makes sailing as comfortable and safe as possible, and navigation is most efficient.

Possibilities of navigation maps of depths C-Map

Automatic route check allows you to detect protected areas and obstacles along the route, which increases safety and reduces the risk of human error and errors associated with it. Automatic scanning detects obstacles in a circle in a given trajectory. The depth of the check is adapted to the degree of the ship's subsidence. The laid routes, all user changes and settings are recorded on the built-in memory card, therefore they are available at any time when changing the chartplotter or PC.

Detailed harbor plans make it possible to moor on unfamiliar terrain, piers, pontoons. Lights and other aids to navigation are visible on the computer display online. The user can distinguish them by color, range, visibility and other parameters. Tides and currents are detected with a specific time and date. The information on the maps is available from different angles, which the user sets independently.

C-MAP MAX-N cards are compatible with Lowrance Elite-9 CHIRP, Elite-7,5,4 HDI and CHIRP,

Mark-4 HDI and CHIRP, with Lowrance HDS® Gen2 and HDS® Gen2 Touch Series,

HDS® Gen3, HDS CARBON, HOOK, Elite TI

Posted Thu, 09/04/2015 - 22:41 by Cap

If you want to see a miracle, then the easiest way is to raft down the Karelian river Keret with access to the White Sea! An indescribable sight when you slip the last nut and slowly enter Chupa's lip! There was a long northern sunset, and the water was calm and very clear. We tried the water from the paddle - real sea, salty!
Suddenly we saw a sea jellyfish in the water column! White Sea gulls were screaming above us, and beyond the islands the endless sea stretched!
Ahead was the island of Keret, where we were to spend the night, and around the sea, islands, shores and the never-setting sun with thousands of reflections!
This is how the Nomads got to know the White Sea!

When we sailed along the White Sea on a boat, there was a real gloom over the sea. A light rain fell, fog rose, and we sat in the cabin, complaining about the bad weather, and could not take a single decent photo ...

But a miracle happened - as soon as we began to approach the Solovki, as in a fairy tale, the sky opened, the sun's rays shone on the sea water, and the Solovetsky Kremlin sparkled in front of us!

Shone in all its glory! He sparkled with domes, pushed the gray sea distances, played with nearby islands!

We climbed onto the deck and happily greeted the views that opened to us!

Until the beginning of the 18th century, most of the Russian trade routes passed through the White Sea, but this was not very convenient, since the White Sea was covered with ice for more than six months. After the founding of St. Petersburg, the flow of goods decreased significantly, the main sea trade routes moved to the Baltic Sea. Since the 1920s, most traffic has been diverted from the White Sea to the ice-free port of Murmansk, located on the shores of the Barents Sea.

FLAG NOMINING ON THE WHITE SEA

Reflection in art
Valery Gusev, from the series of children's detectives Black Kitten, told about the adventures of two boys on the White Sea in his story "Skeletons in the Fog".
The action of Pavel Lungin's film "The Island" takes place in a monastery on the islands of the White Sea.
Soviet animated film "Laughter and Grief by the White Sea" based on the tales of Boris Shergin and Stepan Pisakhov.
The life of birds and animals of the White Sea is described in the children's fairy tale "Flying to the North" by ecologist Vadim Fedorov

Cape Holy Nose, border of the White and Barents Seas

CAPE HOLY NOSE - ON THE BORDER OF TWO SEAS
Svyatoi Nos is a cape on the east, separating the Barents and White Seas, as well as the Murmansk and Tersk coasts. It is located on a small peninsula that also bears the name of the Holy Nose. On the peninsula there is a village of the same name and the Svyatonos lighthouse. The toponym Svyatoy Nos is widespread on the coast of the Arctic Ocean, according to the assumption of the Swedish Arctic explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskjold, the Pomors received such a name from the capes, which protrude into the sea and are difficult to overcome in coastal navigation.
The peninsula is about 15 km long and up to 3 km wide. Height up to 179 m. There are several small lakes on the peninsula and several streams, including Dolgiy and Sokoliy. The Stanovaya and Dolgaya lips of the White Sea and the Lopskoye Stanovishche bay of the Svyatonos Bay cut into the peninsula. The capes Sokoliy Nos and Nataliy Navolok are located. Earlier on the peninsula there was the village of Svyatonoskaya Sirena.

lighthouse at Cape Holy Nose White Sea

Initially, the cape was called Terskiy Cape or Terskiy Nos. Later, the modern name was assigned to the cape. European cartographers marked the cape on their maps as early as the 16th century. The Norwegians called the cape Vegestad - from the Norwegian language, a waypoint or a waypoint rock. The name came from the fact that having reached this point on the coast, it was necessary to change the course.
The Russian ambassador to Denmark and clerk Grigory Istoma wrote during a trip in 1496:
The holy nose is a huge rock protruding into the sea like a nose; under it, a whirlpool cave is visible, which every six hours absorbs water and, with a great noise, vomits back this abyss. Some said that this was the middle of the sea, others that it was Charybdis. ... The power of this abyss is so great that it attracts ships and other objects in the vicinity, twists and absorbs them, and that they were never in greater danger. For when the abyss suddenly and strongly began to attract the ship on which they were traveling, they barely escaped with great difficulty, putting all their might on the oars.
Pomors have a saying “Where the fish walks, and the Holy Nose will not pass”. According to legend, huge worms were found near the cape, overturning sloops, but Saint Barlaam of Keret deprived them of such power. Industrialists dragged their ships across the peninsula from Volkova Bay to Lapskoye Stanovishche Bay.

Rabocheostrovsk, Solovki White Sea

GEOGRAPHY OF THE WHITE SEA
Basic physical and geographical features. Located on the northern outskirts of the European part of our country, the White Sea occupies an area between 68 ° 40 ′ and 63 ° 48 ′ N. latitude, and 32 ° 00 ′ and 44 ° 30 ′ east. and is entirely located on the territory of the USSR. By its nature, it belongs to the seas of the Arctic Ocean, but this is the only one of the Arctic seas that lies almost entirely to the south of the Arctic Circle; only the northernmost regions of the sea extend beyond this circle.
The bizarre White Sea is deeply cut into the continent, almost everywhere it has natural land borders and only from the Barents Sea it is separated by a conditional border - the line of Cape Svyatoi Nos - Cape Kanin Nos. The White Sea, surrounded by land on almost all sides, belongs to the inland seas. In size, this is one of our smallest seas. Its area is 90 thousand km2, volume is 6 thousand km3, average depth is 67 m, maximum depth is 350 m. Modern shores of the White Sea, different in external forms and landscapes, have their own geographical names and belong to different geomorphological types of shores (Fig. 17) ...

The relief of the seabed is uneven and complex. The deepest areas of the sea are the Basin and the Kandalaksha Bay, in the outer part of which the maximum depth is noted. The depths decrease rather smoothly from the mouth to the top of the Dvinsky Bay. The bottom of the shallow Onega Bay is slightly raised above the basin of the Basin. The bottom of the Sea Throat is an underwater trench about 50 m deep, stretched along the strait somewhat closer to the Tersk coast. The northern part of the sea is the shallowest. Its depth does not exceed 50 m. The bottom is very uneven here, especially at the Kaninsky coast and the entrance to the Mezen Bay. This area is dotted with many cans, which are distributed in several ridges and are known as the "Northern cats".

The shallowness of the northern part and the Gorla compared to the Basin makes it difficult to exchange water with the Barents Sea, which affects the hydrological conditions of the White Sea. The position of this sea in the north of the temperate zone and partly beyond the Arctic Circle, belonging to the Arctic Ocean, the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean and an almost continuous ring of land surrounding it determine both marine and continental features in the sea climate, which makes the climate of the White Sea transitional from oceanic to mainland. The influence of the ocean and land is more or less manifested in all seasons. Winter on the White Sea is long and severe. At this time, an extensive anticyclone was established over the northern part of the European Union territory, and intense cyclonic activity developed over the Barents Sea. In this regard, mainly southwestern winds blow in the White Sea at a speed of 4-8 m / s. They bring with them cold cloudy weather with snowfall. In February, the average monthly air temperature over almost the entire sea is -14-15 °, and only in the northern part does it rise to -9 °, since the warming effect of the Atlantic Ocean is felt here. With significant incursions of relatively warm air from the Atlantic, south-westerly winds are observed and the air temperature rises to -6-7 °. The displacement of the anticyclone from the Arctic to the White Sea region causes northeasterly winds, clearing and cooling down to -24-26 °, and sometimes very severe frosts.

Borshevy Islands White Sea

Summers are cool and moderately humid. At this time, an anticyclone is usually established over the Barents Sea, and intense cyclonic activity develops to the south and southeast of the White Sea. With such a synoptic situation, northeastern winds with a force of 2-3 points prevail over the sea. The sky is covered with overcast clouds, heavy rains often fall. The air temperature in July is on average 8-10 °. Cyclones passing over the Barents Sea change the direction of the wind over the White Sea to the west and southwest and cause the air temperature to rise to 12-13 °. When an anticyclone sets in over northeastern Europe, southeastern winds and clear sunny weather prevail over the sea. The air temperature rises to an average of 17-19 °, and in some cases in the southern part of the sea it can reach 30 °. However, cloudy and cool weather still prevails in summer. Thus, in the White Sea during almost the whole year there is no long-term stable weather, and the seasonal change of the prevailing winds is monsoon in nature. These are important climatic features that significantly affect the hydrological conditions of the sea.

Hydrological characteristics. The White Sea is one of the cold Arctic seas, which is associated not only with its position at high latitudes, but also with the hydrological processes taking place in it. The distribution of water temperature on the surface and in the sea column is characterized by great diversity from place to place and significant seasonal variability. In winter, the water temperature on the surface is equal to the freezing point and is on the order of -0.5-0.7 ° in bays, up to -1.3 ° in the Basin and up to -1.9 ° in Gorle and the northern part of the sea. These differences are explained by the unequal salinity in different areas of the sea.

In the spring, after the sea is freed from ice, the surface of the water quickly warms up. In summer, the surface of relatively shallow bays is best warmed up (Fig. 18). The water temperature on the surface of the Kandalaksha Bay in August is on average 14-15 °, in the Basin 12-13 °. The lowest surface temperature is observed in Voronka and Gorla, where strong mixing cools the surface waters to 7-8 °. In autumn, the sea cools rapidly and spatial temperature differences are smoothed out.

The change in water temperature with depth occurs unevenly from season to season in different areas of the sea. In winter, the temperature, close to the surface temperature, covers a layer of 30–45 m, followed by a slight increase to a horizon of 75–100 m. This is a warm intermediate layer - the remainder of the summer warming up. Below its temperature decreases, and from the horizons of 130-140 m and to the bottom it becomes equal to -1.4 °. In the spring, the sea surface begins to warm up. Warming up extends to 20 m. From here the temperature drops sharply to negative values ​​at the horizon of 50-60 m.

In autumn, the cooling of the sea surface extends to the 15-20 m horizons and evens out the temperature in this layer. From here and up to the 90-100 m horizons, the water temperature is slightly higher than in the surface layer, since the heat accumulated over the summer is still retained in the subsurface (20-100 m) horizons. Further, the temperature decreases again and from the horizons of 130-140 m and to the bottom is equal to -1.4 °.

In some parts of the Basin, the vertical distribution of water temperature has its own peculiarities. The rivers flowing into the White Sea annually pour about 215 km3 of fresh water into it. More than 3/4 of the total runoff falls on the rivers flowing into Onega, Dvinsky and Mezensky bays. Mezen 38.5 km3, Onega 27.0 km3 of water per year. The Kem flowing into the west coast gives 12.5 km3 and Vyg 11.5 km3 of water per year. The rest of the rivers give only 9% of the runoff. The intra-annual distribution of the rivers flowing into these bays, which discharge 60-70% of the water in the spring, is also characterized by great irregularity. Due to the natural regulation of the lakes of many rivers on the coast, the distribution of their runoff throughout the year is more or less uniform. The maximum runoff is observed in spring and accounts for 40% of the annual runoff. In rivers flowing from the southeast, the spring flood is sharper. For the sea as a whole, the maximum runoff occurs in May, and the minimum in February – March.

Fresh water entering the White Sea increases the water level in it, as a result of which excess water flows through the Gorlo into the Barents Sea, which is facilitated by the prevalence of southwestern winds in winter. Due to the difference in the density of the waters of the White and Barents Seas, a current arises from the Barents Sea. There is an exchange of waters between these seas. True, the White Sea basin is separated from the Barents by an underwater sill located at the exit from the Gorle. Its greatest depths are 40 m, which makes it difficult to exchange deep waters between these seas. About 2,200 km3 of water flows out of the White Sea annually, and about 2,000 km3 / year flows into it. Consequently, much more than 2/3 of the total mass of deep (below 50 m) White Sea water is renewed in a year.

The vertical distribution of the water temperature in the Throat is fundamentally different. Due to good mixing, seasonal differences consist in the change in the temperature of the entire mass of water, and not in the nature of its change with depth. In contrast to the Basin, here external thermal influences are perceived by the entire mass of water as a whole, and not from layer to layer.

Kandalaksha Bay White Sea

SALTNESS OF THE SEA
The salinity of the White Sea is below the average salinity of the ocean. Its values ​​are unevenly distributed on the sea surface, which is due to the peculiarities of the location of the river runoff, half of which comes from the Barents Sea, the transfer of water by sea currents. Salinity values ​​usually increase from the tops of the bays to the central part of the Basin and with depth, although each season has its own characteristics of salinity distribution.

In winter, salinity on the surface is generally increased. In the Throat and Voronka, it is 29.0-30.0 ‰, and in the Basin, 27.5-28.0 ‰. The most freshened are the estuarine areas of the rivers. In the Basin, the values ​​of surface salinity can be traced to horizons of 30–40 m, from where they at first sharply and then gradually increase towards the bottom.

In spring, surface waters are significantly desalinated (up to 23.0 ‰, and in Dvinsky Bay up to 10.0-12.0 ‰) in the east and much less (up to 26.0-27.0) in the west. This is due to the concentration of the main part of the river runoff in the east, as well as the removal of ice from the west, where they are formed, but do not melt, therefore, they do not have a desalination effect. Decreased salinity is observed in the layer 5-10 m below it, it sharply increases to horizons of 20-30 m, and then gradually rises to the bottom.

In summer, the salinity on the surface is lowered and variable in space. A typical example of the distribution of salinity values ​​on the surface is shown in Fig. 20. The range of salinity values ​​is quite significant. In the Basin, desalination extends to horizons of 10–20 m, from here salinity at first sharply and then gradually increases to the bottom (Fig. 21). In the bays, desalination covers only the upper 5-meter layer, which is associated with compensatory flows that compensate for the loss of water carried out by runoff surface currents. A. N. Pantyulin noted that due to the difference in the thickness of the layer of low salinity in the bays and in the Basin, the maximum desalination is confined to the latter, obtained by calculating the depth-integral salinity. This means that the central part of the Basin is a kind of accumulator of relatively freshened waters coming from the Dvinsky and Kandalaksha bays. This is a kind of hydrological feature of the White Sea.

In autumn, the salinity on the surface increases due to a decrease in river flow and the beginning of ice formation. In the Basin, its approximately the same values ​​are observed up to horizons of 30-40 m, from here they increase to the bottom. In Gorla, Onega and Mezensky bays, tidal mixing makes the vertical distribution of salinity more uniform throughout the year. The density of the White Sea water primarily determines the salinity. The highest density is observed in Voronka, Gorla and the central part of the Basin in autumn and winter. In summer, the density is lowered. The density values ​​increase rather sharply with depth in accordance with the vertical distribution of salinity, which creates a stable water stratification. It complicates wind mixing, the depth of which is approximately 15-20 m during strong autumn-winter storms, and in the spring-summer season is limited to horizons of 10-12 m.

Tersky coast of the White Sea

ICE FORMATION AT SEA
Despite the strong cooling in autumn and winter and intense ice formation, the interlayering of the waters allows convection to spread over most of the sea only up to the horizons of 50-60 m. with strong tidal currents. The limited depth of propagation of autumn-winter convection is a characteristic hydrological feature of the White Sea. However, its deep and bottom waters do not remain in a stagnant state or extremely slow refreshing in conditions of their difficult exchange with the Barents Sea. The deep waters of the Basin are formed annually in winter as a result of the mixing of surface waters entering the Funnel from the Barents Sea and from the White Sea Throat. With ice formation, the salinity and density of the waters mixed here increase and they slide down the slopes of the bottom from the Gorlo into the bottom horizons of the Basin. The constancy of temperature and salinity of the deep waters of the Basin is not a stagnant phenomenon, but a consequence of the uniform conditions of formation of these waters.

The structure of the White Sea waters is formed mainly under the influence of desalination by continental runoff and water exchange with the Barents Sea, as well as tidal mixing, especially in the Gorle and Mezen Bay, and winter vertical circulation. Based on an analysis of the curves of the vertical distribution of oceanological characteristics, V.V. Timonov (1950) identified the following types of waters in the White Sea: Barents Sea (in its pure form are presented only in Voronka), desalinated waters of the tops of bays, waters of the upper layers of the Basin, deep waters of the Basin, waters Throats.

The horizontal circulation of the White Sea waters develops under the combined effect of wind, river runoff, tides, and compensation flows, therefore it is diverse and complex in detail. The resulting movement forms a counterclockwise movement of waters characteristic of the seas of the Northern Hemisphere (Fig. 22).

As a result of the concentration of river flow, mainly in the tops of the bays, a drainage current arises here, directed into the open part of the Basin. Under the influence of the Coriolis force, the moving waters are pressed against the right bank and from the Dvina Bay leave along the Zimny ​​coast to the Gorlo. Near the Kola coast there is a current from Gorl to Kandalaksha Bay, from which waters move along the Karelian coast to Onega Bay and flow out of it at its right bank. In front of the entrance from the bays in the Basin, weak cyclonic gyres are created between the waters moving in opposite directions. These gyres cause anticyclonic water movement between them. the movement of waters is traced clockwise. The velocities of constant currents are low and usually equal to 10-15 cm / s, in narrow areas and at capes they reach 30-40 cm / s. Tidal currents have much higher velocities in some areas. In Gorla and Mezen Bay they reach 250 cm / s, in Kandalaksha - 30-35 cm / s and Onega Bay - 80-100 cm / s. In the Basin, tidal currents are approximately equal in speed to constant currents. White Sea

Tides and currents
The tides are well pronounced in the White Sea (see Fig. 22). The forward tidal wave from the Barents Sea propagates along the Voronka axis to the top of the Mezen Bay. Passing across the entrance to the Throat, it causes waves to pass through the Throat into the Pool, where they are reflected from Summer and. The addition of reflected and incident waves creates a standing wave that creates tides in the Throat and the White Sea Basin. They have the correct semi-daily character. Due to the configuration of the shores and the nature of the bottom topography, the highest tide value (about 7.0 m) is observed in the Mezen Bay, at the Kaninsky coast, Voronka and at about. Sosnovets, in the Kandalaksha Bay it slightly exceeds 3 m. In the central regions of the Basin, Dvinsky and Onega bays, the tides are less.

The tidal wave travels long distances up the rivers. In the Northern Dvina, for example, the tide is noticeable 120 km from the mouth. With this movement of the tidal wave, the water level in the river rises, but suddenly it stops rising or even decreases slightly, and then continues to rise again. This process is called "manikha" and is explained by the influence of various tidal waves.

In the mouth of the Mezen, wide open to the sea, the tide delays the river current and forms a high wave, which, like a water wall, moves up the river, its height sometimes several meters. This phenomenon is called "rolling" here, on the Ganges - "bor", and on the Seine - "maskara".

The White Sea belongs to the rough seas. The strongest waves are observed in October-November from the northern part and the Sea Gorle. At this time, excitement is observed mainly 4-5 points and more. However, the small size of the reservoir does not allow large waves to develop. In the White Sea, waves up to 1 m high prevail. Occasionally they reach a height of 3 m and, as an exception, 5 m. The sea is most calm in the second half of summer, in July-August. At this time, excitement with a force of 1-3 points prevails. The White Sea level experiences periodic semidiurnal tidal fluctuations and non-periodic surges. The largest surges are observed in the autumn-winter season with northwest and northeast winds. The rise in level can reach 75-90 cm. The strongest swells are observed in winter and spring with south-westerly winds. The level at this time decreases by 50–75 cm. The seasonal variation of the level is characterized by its low position in winter, some increase from spring to summer, and a relatively rapid increase from summer to autumn. It peaks in October, followed by a decline.

In the estuaries of large rivers, seasonal fluctuations in the level are mainly determined by the distribution of river runoff throughout the year. Every winter the White Sea is covered with ice, which completely disappears in spring, therefore it belongs to the seas with seasonal ice cover (Fig. 23). The earliest (around the end of October) ice appears at the mouth of the Mezen, and the latest (in January) at the Tersk coast of Voronka and Gorl. The ice of the White Sea is 90% floating. The entire sea is covered with ice, but this is not a continuous cover, but constantly drifting ice, in places thickened, and in places thinned out under the influence of winds and currents. A very significant feature of the White Sea ice regime is the constant removal of ice into the Barents Sea. Polynyas are associated with it, constantly forming in the middle of winter, which are quickly covered with young ice.

Thus, ice formation in the sea prevails over melting, which is reflected in the thermal state of the sea. As a rule, floating ice is 35-40 cm thick, but in severe winters it can reach 135 and even 150 cm. Fast ice in the White Sea occupies a very small area. Its width does not exceed 1 km. First of all (at the end of March) the ice disappears in the Voronka. By the end of May, the entire sea is usually free of ice, but sometimes the sea is completely cleared only in mid-June.

Hydrochemical conditions. The water of the White Sea is richly saturated with dissolved oxygen. At the beginning of summer, oxygen supersaturation is observed in the surface layers, amounting to 110-117%. By the end of this season, under the influence of the rapid development of zooplankton, the oxygen content decreases. In the deep layers, the amount of dissolved oxygen is 70-80% of saturation during the year.

The nutrient regime is characterized by the preservation of stratification all year round. The amount of phosphates increases towards the bottom. An increased content of nitrates is noted in the area of ​​the "cold pole". In spring and summer, there is usually a depletion of biogenic salts in the zone of photosynthesis. In the 0-25 cm layer, biogenic elements are almost completely absent from June to September. In winter, on the contrary, they reach their maximum values. A feature of the hydrochemistry of the White Sea waters is their exceptional richness in silicates, which is associated with the abundant river runoff, with which a lot of silicon gets into the sea.

Household use.
Economic activity in the White Sea is currently associated with the use of its biological resources and the work of sea transport. This sea is characterized by a variety of organic resources extracted for economic needs. Fish farming, fishing for sea animals and algae are developed here. The species composition of fish catches is dominated by navaga, White Sea herring, smelt, cod, and salmon. In recent years, harvesting of harp seals on the ice of the White Sea has been resumed, and hunting for ringed seals and beluga whales continues. Algae are mined and processed at the Arkhangelsk and Belomorsk algal plants.

In the future, it is planned to use tidal energy and build a TPP in the Mezen Bay. The White Sea is an important transport basin of the country with a significant volume of freight traffic. The structure of freight traffic is dominated by timber and timber products exported through Arkhangelsk - the largest port on the White Sea. In addition, construction materials, various equipment, fish and fish products, chemical cargo, etc. are transported. A significant place is occupied by the transportation of passengers on domestic routes and services to sea tourism.

Small in size, but diverse and complex in natural conditions, the White Sea has not yet been fully studied and there are many diverse problems for its further study. The most important hydrological problems should be attributed to the general circulation of waters, first of all, the drawing up of clear ideas about the constant currents, their distribution and characteristics. It is very important to clarify the relationship between wind, tidal and convective mixing in different parts of the sea, especially in the Gorlo-Basin border region, which will clarify the available information on the formation and ventilation of deep sea waters. An important issue is the study of the sea ice balance, since its thermal and ice conditions are associated with it. The deepening of hydrological and hydrochemical research will make it possible to successfully solve the problems of preventing sea pollution, which is an urgent task of our time.

Kuzov Archipelago White Sea

PLACES OF POWER AND LEGENDS OF THE WHITE SEA

In Kandalaksha, washed from the southeast by the waters of the White Sea, there is a legend about a wonderful bell that sank in the taiga river Niva. On its banks, even in a distant pagan era, there were sanctuaries dating back, perhaps, to the Stone Age. The ringing of the bell hidden here is not heard by sinners. But, as the legend says, someday they will hear this ringing. Then the original paradise state of the local lands, the fragments of the legendary Hyperborea, will return. On the map of Gerard Mercator, the outlines of the disappeared northern land are reproduced. The inscription on the card informs that it is based on the testimonies of the knights of King Arthur - seekers of sacred shrines, as well as on the data of polar travelers. Mercator notes that they all reached the farthest reaches of the polar land "through magical art."

If you look closely at the outlines of the "Scandinavian" part of Hyperborea on the map of Mercator and superimpose it on the map of modern Scandinavia, you will find amazing correspondences: a mountain range that runs along Norway and coincides with the mountains of Hyperborea; and the Hyperborean river that flows from these mountains follows the outline of the Gulf of Bothnia in the northern part of the Baltic Sea. It turns out that, perhaps, the southern border of Hyperborea passed through the Ladoga and Onega lakes, through Valaam and turned north to the spurs of the middle ridge of the Kola Peninsula, that is, where the ancient mountains destroyed by time rise above the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea.

Thus, the shrines of the Russian North are located in Hyperborea - if the Kola Peninsula and the White Sea can really be considered its preserved part. and the magical cliffs of Valaam were once islands in the ocean bay off the coast of Hyperborea. Apparently, it was not for nothing that the mystical feeling of the northern monks found them different sacred names: New Jerusalem - for the harsh Solovetsky Islands and Northern Athos - for the innermost Valaam. It was the New Jerusalem, the hail bequeathed to the coming centuries, that the monk Hypatius saw in the prophetic vision of the Solovetsky Monastery back in 1667 - shortly before the beginning of the tragic "Solovetsky sitting". The next act of the northern mystery is the phenomenon of the Old Believers' Vygovskaya desert (also on the ancient Hyperborean coast). Vygoretsia, too, perished, under the "shifting mosses" of which the poet Nikolai Klyuev placed the underground "Cathedral of the Holy Fathers". “Let our North seem poorer than other lands,” wrote N.K. Roerich, - let his ancient face be closed. Let people know little of the truth about him. The fairy tale of the North is deep and captivating. The northern winds are cheerful and cheerful. The northern lakes are brooding. Northern rivers are silvery. Darkened forests are wise. The green hills are seasoned. Gray stones in circles are full of miracles ... "Gray stones in circles - labyrinths - and other ancient megalithic structures located on the shores of the White Sea and on the islands of the Solovetsky archipelago are the greatest mystery of the North.

White nights on the White Sea

The White Sea is the sacred sea of ​​the North, keeping many secrets. It is possible that the original meaning of its name, known to only a few, has to do with the celestial sphere, since in semantics, the "white" color is heavenly, divine. At first glance, it could have received the name White from the color of the snow and ice that cover it in winter.

But this is equally true for any northern sea and therefore does not sound particularly convincing. According to the Murmansk toponymist A.A. Minkina, during its history the White Sea has changed 15 names! Let's try and figure out why it is called White. The peoples of the East have long had a color symbolism of orientation, where black corresponded to the north. And the Slavic peoples designated the north with white, and the south with blue. Therefore, the Russians, long before the invasion of the Tatars, called the Caspian Sea - Blue. It can be assumed that, according to color symbols, the White Sea is also the North Sea.

In the Novgorodian charters of the 13th-15th centuries, the White Sea was simply called the Sea, and in the Letter of Grant of Veliky Novgorod of the 15th century, it is indicated as the Sea of ​​Okiyan. The Pomors called the White Sea Studenny "by its natural property", and this name was most widespread both in chronicles and in folklore. It was first mapped under the name of the White Sea (Mare Alburn) by Peter Plaitius in 1592. In May 1553, the British entered the White Sea on the ship "Edward Bonaventure" under the command of Barrow, anchored at the mouth of the Northern Dvina. The team included a cartographer, who a year after the second voyage to the White Sea drew up a handwritten map of the sea without giving it any name. In 1617, the Stolbovskaya Peace was concluded between Sweden and Russia, in a special "clarification" to which the "conditions for fishing" in the Seversk Sea were stipulated by both countries. This is what the White Sea is called in this case.

Speaking of the White Sea, one cannot ignore the northernmost canal of Russia, which connects the White and Baltic Seas. Back in the 16th century, two Englishmen decided to connect the channels of the Vyga and Povenchanka rivers with a canal. Everything, as usual, remained only on paper. In the 16th - 18th centuries, there was a trail on this place, passing through Povenets and Sumy Posad and leading to the shrines of the Solovetsky Monastery. Over the summer, along this path, up to 25,000 pilgrims reached the monastery on light boats along lakes and rivers, and sometimes along portages. At the beginning of the 18th century, thousands of Russian peasants paved the famous Osudarev's Road in this place, along which Peter I dragged his ships, led an army and defeated the Swedes near the Noteburg fortress.

In the 19th century, the idea of ​​building a canal was addressed three times under Paul I, then back in the 30s and 50s of the same century. It is interesting that in 1900, at the Paris exhibition for the project of the canal, Professor V.E. Timanov received a gold medal. However, the brilliant project was shelved. But the First World War proved the need for a channel for the Russian fleet, which was locked in the Baltic Sea. On February 18, 1931, the USSR Labor and Defense Council decided to start building the canal. In October 1931, the construction of the canal began immediately along the entire route: from Povenets to Belomorsk. According to archival data, 679 thousand prisoners and exiled kulaks were sent to the construction of the Belomorkanal, Belomorbaltlag became one of the largest camps in the OGPU system. In 1933, the canal, 227 kilometers long, was included in the number of existing internal routes of the USSR. It was built in just 20 months. A very short time, especially when you consider that the 164-kilometer Suez Canal was built in 10 years, and the Panama Canal, which is half the size (81 kilometers), took 12 years to build.

Everything is mixed in the White Sea - antiquity and modernity. Many archaic layers of the North Sea culture to this day remain inaccessible to researchers, including the secret Pomor knowledge and legends, passed down from father to son and from him to subsequent generations. Exactly the same tales and legends have existed in the Urals from time immemorial. At the end of the 30s of the XX century, their literary processing was published by the famous Ural writer Pavel Petrovich Bazhov (1879-1950). The very story of the creation of Bazhov's tales is striking and instructive. This happened to a certain extent by accident. In 1939, Bazhov's friends and relatives were hurt by a wave of mass repressions: several people from his family and journalistic environment were arrested. The logic of events dictated: he will be next. Then Bazhov, without hesitation, disappeared from the editorial office of the newspaper, where he was then working, and hid in a secluded hut with some relative and lived there as a recluse for several months. Having nothing to do in order to somehow occupy time, he began to remember and write down tales, which later compiled the classic collection "Malachite Box". Time passed, those who hunted for Bazhov were themselves arrested, and the writer returned to his daily activities and decided to publish what he had written during the forced “downtime”. To his own surprise, the publication of the Ural tales aroused tremendous interest, and Bazhov suddenly became incredibly popular and famous.

Similar tales existed among the Pomors. Unfortunately, they were not recorded - especially the sacred part of them. Some hints are contained in the poetry and prose of Nikolai Klyuev (1884 - 1937) - a northerner by origin and spirit, who glorified in his poems and poems including the White Sea. Klyuev wrote about himself in his autobiographical materials:
“... The coniferous lips of Pomorie spat me out to Moscow.<...>
From the Norwegian shores to Ust-Tsylma,
from the Solovki to the Persian oases, the crane routes are familiar to me. The floats of the Arctic Ocean, the Solovetsky jungles and forests of the White Sea have revealed to me the imperishable treasures of the folk spirit: words, songs and prayers. I learned that the invisible Jerusalem of the people is not a fairy tale, but a close and dear authenticity, I learned that in addition to the visible structure of the life of the Russian people as a state or human society in general, there is a secret hierarchy hidden from proud gaze, an invisible church - Holy Russia .. . "
With him to the Mother See, Klyuev brought the most important, the most important - the northern fortress of faith and the Hyperborean spirit. (The fact that the poet owned the Hyperborean theme is evidenced by his letter from Tomsk exile to the Moscow actress N.F. birch bark book with a mention of Hyperborea:
“... I am now reading an amazing book. It is written on steamed birch [from the word "birch". - V.D.] in Chinese ink. The book is called The Ring of Japheth. This is none other than Russia of the 12th century before the Mongols.
The great idea of ​​Holy Russia as a reflection of the heavenly church on earth. After all, this is the very thing that Gogol saw in his purest dreams, and in particular he is the only worldly person. It is curious that in the 12th century the forty were taught to speak and kept in cages in chambers, like today's parrots, that the present Cheremis were taken from the Hyperboreans, that is, from Iceland by King Olaf of Norway, son-in-law of Vladimir Monomakh. They were hot in the Kiev land, and they were released to Kolyvan - the present Vyatka region, and at first they were kept at the Kiev court, as an exotic thing. And many more beautiful and unexpected things are contained in this Ring.
And how many of these wonderful scrolls perished in hermitages and secret chapels in the boundless Siberian taiga ?! " Every phrase is precious here. Even if the lost XII century manuscript was rewritten at a later date, but what amazing details are both about the training of forty, and about the bringing of northern foreigners to the court of Vladimir Monomakh (as the Spaniards later brought Indians from the New World to show their kings). But the main thing is the preserved memory of Hyperborea (it does not matter how it was actually called and how it was related to the aforementioned Iceland - the historical Arctida-Hyperborea covered Iceland as well).

The Kuzov archipelago.

Sacred site of ancient people
Sacred site of the village of religion
Energetically active place

The Kuzov archipelago is located in the White Sea at a distance of approximately 30 km from Rabocheostrovsk. It includes 16 uninhabited islands, the largest of which are Russian Kuzov, German Kuzov and Oleshin Island. The islands, when viewed from the water, have an original spherical shape, and look like huge stone balls almost completely submerged in water. The islands are mainly tundra, in some places covered with spruce forests. The name of Kuzova, according to most researchers, comes from the Finnish word "kuusen" ie "spruce". The tops of the islands German body (140 m) and Russian body (123 m) rise above the entire nearby water area and have attracted human attention for a long time.
The bodies are rightfully considered one of the most mysterious places. On the territory of these deserted and harsh spaces, a huge amount of evidence of the religious activities of ancient people has been found. According to historians, the buildings were built approximately 2-2.5 thousand years ago by the ancient Sami, who lived on the shores of the White Sea. According to estimates, about 800 stone structures have been discovered on the archipelago, which are related to the pagan cult, which was worshiped by the inhabitants of this harsh land. The small distance from the mainland allowed the Sami to swim freely or come on foot on the ice to perform their rituals. And at the same time, it contributed to the privacy and preservation of the sacred halo. Places of permanent residence of a person on the islands have not been found. Perhaps that is why it is here that a huge number of sacred stones - "seids" and unique stone idols were found. Sites located on the territory of the archipelago are included in the list of protected historical sites
The largest is Russky Kuzov Island. On one of its peaks, Mount Bald, there is a large sanctuary, in the center of which is a vertically placed granite stone (menhir), nicknamed "The Stone Woman". It is believed that this stone symbolized one of the supreme deities of the ancient Sami. Sacrifices were made to him by hunters and fishermen who left or returned from fishing. In addition, several burials were found nearby, laid inside with stone and belonging, apparently, to important members of the tribe.
An even larger sanctuary is located at the top of the highest point of the Big German Body. A whole pantheon of Sami deities has been discovered there. Unfortunately, not everything has survived to this day, but what remains allows us to conclude that this was the Central Sanctuary of the ancient Sami. It was here that the main cult events were performed by pagan shamans. The mountain is simply dotted with "seids" and idols sticking out vertically. There is a legend explaining such a large concentration and based on real historical events that took place in the 17th century. As they say, a detachment of Swedes (called in the old days simply "Germans"), decided to make a robbery attack on the Solovetsky Monastery, but because of the storm that began, was forced to take refuge on the island of Nemetsky Kuzov. They were not destined to leave this island. Divine wrath protected the Holy Solovetsky monastery, turning the Swedish robbers into stone idols. With a good imagination, one can imagine how the "petrified Germans" have been sitting around an invisible bonfire at the top for many centuries and waiting for their meal to be ready. The legend is apparently based on the correspondence of sizes and some external similarity between idols and human figures.
Unfortunately, we did not manage to visit the most amazing and most mysterious of the islands of the Archipelago - Oleshin Island. As they say, not only seids and sanctuaries are located here, but also two ancient labyrinths, Small and Big.
Both are located on a flat rocky surface at about 20 meters above sea level (which, incidentally, excludes the possibility of using them as fish traps). Small (diameter about 6 meters) is practically invisible and can only be guessed in the dense vegetation of the tundra. Nearby is the Great Labyrinth, surprisingly well preserved and measuring 10x12 meters. For its construction, at least 1000 boulders were used and the total length of the "path" is about 190 meters. Both labyrinths are considered sacred. According to the researchers, they were used for initiation or for communication of shamans with the Higher Forces.

Address:, White Sea, Kuzov Archipelago, 15 km to the West from Rabocheostrovsk
Coordinates: 64 ° 57 "52" N 35 ° 12 "19" E (Oleshin Island)
Coordinates: 64 ° 57 "04" N 35 ° 09 "56" E (German Body Island)
Coordinates: 64 ° 56 "08" N 35 ° 08 "18" E (Russian Body Island)

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SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND PHOTOS:
Team nomad
http://ke.culture51.ru/
White Sea // Kola Encyclopedia. In 4 volumes, T. 1. A - D / Ch. ed. A. A. Kiselev. - St. Petersburg: IS; Apatity: KNTs RAN, 2008 .-- P. 306.
Prokh L.Z. Dictionary of the Winds. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1983. - P. 46. - 28,000 copies.
Voeikov A.I., White Sea // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: In 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb., 1890-1907.
Pilot of the White Sea. 1913 / Ed. Chapters Hydrograph. Exercise Mor. M-va. - Petrograd: Printing house of the Naval Ministry, 1915. - 1035 p.
http://www.vottovaara.ru/
Leonov A.K. Regional Oceanography. L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1960.
Shamraev Yu.I., Shishkina L.A. Oceanology. L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1980.
Flora and fauna of the White Sea: illustrated atlas / ed. Tsetlin A.B., Zhadan A.E., Marfenin N.N. - M .: T-in scientific publications KMK, 2010—471 p .: 1580 ill. ISBN 978-5-87317-672-4
Naumov A.D., Fedyakov V.V. Everlasting White Sea - St. Petersburg: Izd. S-Pb. city ​​palace of youth creativity, 1993. ISBN 5-88494-064-5
Sailing of the White Sea (1964)
Map of the Tersk Coast of the White Sea
The White Sea in the book: A. D. Dobrovolsky, B. S. Zalogin. Seas of the USSR. Publishing house Mosk. un-that, 1982.
http://www.photosight.ru/
photo: V. Vyalov, A. Petrus, S. Gasnikov, L. Yakovlev, A. Bobretsov.

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To help navigators, we post scanned nautical charts of the White Sea. Map files in gif format, you can independently link for the Ozi Explorer program, or print an image of the maps on a large-format printer. Our information is for informational purposes only and each captain must independently decide on the use of these cards. Nevertheless, we hope that by posting these nautical charts on the network, we will help many who are planning exciting sea voyages across the White Sea. With the shortage and high cost of paper maps, we believe we will be of invaluable assistance to travelers when planning a trip. Once again, we note that the maps of the White Sea marine collection are posted for review and you need to do the binding of the maps in the navigation program yourself.

Download nautical charts of the White Sea:

From Cape Holy Nose to Cape Kanin nose 12003 DOWNLOAD

Northern approaches to the throat of the White Sea and the Mezen Bay 12005 DOWNLOAD

Approaches to the Kandalaksha and Onega bays of the White Sea 12008 DOWNLOAD

Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea 12010 DOWNLOAD

The southern part of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea 14020 DOWNLOAD

Approaches to the port of Belomorsk Onega Bay of the White Sea 16013 DOWNLOAD

Solovetsky Islands Onega Bay white sea

"The impudent young man-king ... saw here the way to a dream ... Then he ordered to establish this pillar and carved on its stone with his mighty hand:" To Amsterdam City ... (so many) miles ... " Venicia-grad ... (so many) versts. "
(Boris Shiryaev. "The inextinguishable lamp".)

Book 5. Geography of the Solovetsky region

Chapter 11. Sailing of the White Sea: Onega Bay and the Solovetsky Archipelago

Sailing of the White Sea

Map of the White Sea, on which the sections of the Sailing of the White Sea are indicated.

"The navigational description of sailing around the Solovetsky Islands is posted in the" Onega Bay "section (Ch. 4), which is an integral part of the White Sea Sailing. It is usually published by the Department of Defense. " ( Prourzin Leonid. Arkhangelsk. 03.11.2005)

Onega Bay

Onezhsky Bay (Onezhskiy Zaliv), located to the west of the Dvinsky Bay, juts out into the White Sea coast between Cape Gorboluksky (65 ° 10 "N, 37 ° 02" E) and Cape Marknavolok located 59 miles to W from it, the northern entrance cape of Letneretskaya Bay ... The northeastern coast of the bay is called the Onega coast. The southwestern coast of the bay from the mouth of the Onega river to the city of Kem is called the Pomor coast, further north of the city of Kem stretches the Karelian coast.

The coast of the bay is overgrown with dense forest, in suitable places close to the coastline. The Onega coast is predominantly elevated and built of clay and sand. Several mountains are noticeable at some distance from the coastline. The Pomeranian coast of the bay is low and rocky almost throughout. Between the Onega River and the Sumy Bay (64 ° 20 "N, 35 ° 25" E), mountains rise here and there to the low bank; some of the headlands formed by the slopes of these mountains are elevated and steep. To the west of the Sumy Bay, the coast is also low; the mountains here recede far inland, approaching the coast only in the region of the Kemskaya Bay (64 ° 58 "N, 34 ° 46" E).

In the middle of the entrance to the bay are the Solovetsky Islands, dividing the entrance to the bay into two straits: Eastern Solovetskaya Salma and Western Solovetskaya Salma.

On the eastern side of the entrance to the bay there is Zhizhginsky Island, separated from the coast by the Zhizhginsky Salma Strait.

There are many islands, islets and rocky banks scattered along the Pomor coast of the bay, forming a strip of skerries, the width of which in places reaches 20 miles. There are also several islands in the middle part of the bay seaward by the skerries; the largest of them are the islands of Big Zhuzhmui and Small Zhuzhmui. Large islands are overgrown with forests, small islets are mostly devoid of vegetation, made of granite and in places covered with a layer of peat.

The shores of the bay, especially the Pomorskiy one, are indented with many lips and bays. Most lips are shallow; small lips are usually completely or largely dry out.

Many rivers flow into the bay; the largest of them, the Onega River, flows into the top of the bay. Rivers are generally not navigable; only some of them are available for vessels with shallow draft, and even then only within the estuary. Drying bars lie in front of the river mouths, in some places quite extensive.

Depths and bottom topography. The depths in most of the Onega Bay are less than 50 m. In the middle part of the bay, there are vast areas with depths less than 20 m. The Onega coast of the bay is deeper than the Pomorsky one.

The bottom in the bay is uneven, especially in the area of ​​the skerries bordering the Pomorsky coast of the bay. When swimming in the bay, the 20 m isobath is a warning; you should always cross this isobath with caution, as there are dangers immediately behind it.

Tidal currents. The tidal current directed to Onega Bay with NE from the sea basin at the Solovetsky Islands is divided into three streams: eastern, middle and western.

The eastern stream is directed into the bay along the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait and along the entire length of the strait pushes ships to the Onega coast and the Letniy Orlov Cape (64 ° 55 "N, 36 ° 27" E). The ebb current, directed from the bay to the sea basin along the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait, pulls ships into the Anzerskaya Salma Strait and pushes them to Anzersky Island.

The middle stream of the tidal current is directed into the bay along the Anzerskaya Salma Strait, which separates the Anzersky and Solovetsky islands. Coming out of the strait, the middle stream again takes its original direction to SW and, having passed the island of Bolshaya Muksalma, merges with the eastern stream, forming strong rifts from the southeastern side of this island.

The western jet of the tidal current is directed into the bay along the Western Solovetskaya Salma strait and presses the ships to the Kemsky skerries; the tidal current reaches 2.5 knots. The ebb current directed to the sea basin along this strait pushes ships against the Yuzhny Kemsky and North Kemsky stamiks, which lie on the eastern side of the strait. Coming out of the Western Solovetskaya Salma strait, the tidal current stream divides into two branches, one of which follows among the skerries along the Pomor coast, and the other goes to the Onega coast, merging with the eastern stream coming out of the Eastern Solovetskaya Salma strait and directed to SW.

The common tidal current, formed by the confluence of the western and eastern streams, is directed along the Onega coast, first to the S, and then to the SE, spreading south of Cape Chesmensky (64 ° 43 "N, 36 ° 32" E) across the entire width of the bay. In the middle part of the bay, the tidal current follows SE up to the mouth of the Onega River, the coastal part of the current is directed all the time along the Onega coast.

The tidal current also enters the skerries from NE, and then turns to S and SE, taking the same direction as in the outer part of the bay. In the narrows between the islands of the skerries, the current is divided into numerous jets following in different directions; when two or more streams meet, strong rips are formed. Well-noticeable breakers appear over numerous rocky banks and underwater rocks, and the current pushes ships against these dangers. When the currents change, insignificant rifts are formed in the skerries.

The ebb flow follows in the opposite direction.

Ice regime. The area of ​​the entrance to the Onega Bay, the straits between the Solovetsky Islands and the northern part of the bay, mainly its eastern half, do not freeze, but are covered with drifting hummock ice, which forms stamukha and ropaki on the shallows and banks.

Only the top of the bay to the east of the line connecting Cape Glubokiy (64 ° 20 "N, 37 ° 20" E) is covered with ice with the mouth of the Kusherek River located 31 miles to S from it. But here, too, very often in winter, with strong northwestern winds, the ice breaks, and with southerly winds, the ice is carried by the current on shoals, banks and stamiks, forming stamukhas and ropaks on them.

Pilotage service. Navigation to the ports of Onega and Kem, located in the Onega Bay, is usually carried out under pilotage. Vessels entering the bay via the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma strait and proceeding to the port of Onega receive a pilot in the area of ​​the Karelsky luminous buoy No. 1 (63 ° 57.4 "N, 37 ° 42.5" E), which is the receiving buoy of the Karelian fairway.

Onega coast of the bay

In the area of ​​Cape Ukhtnavolok (65 ° 09 "N, 36 ° 51" E), the mountains come close to the coast, and to the south of the cape they gradually recede into the interior of the mainland. The coast between Cape Ukhtnavolok and Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay (64 ° 58 "N, 36 ° 48" E) is steep; to the west from the bay to the Letniy Orlov cape and further south to the Chesmensky cape (64 ° 43 "N, 36 ° 32" E) the coast is low. Between Cape Chesmensky and the mouth of the Onega River, the coast descends to the sea in two terraces and ends with a narrow beach.

The described coast is little indented in comparison with the Karelian and Pomorsky coasts of the bay; only a few lips protrude into it, the largest of which are the Letnyaya Zolotitsa, Konyukhova, Pushlakhta, Ukhta and Kyandskaya lips. There are few islands off the coast; all of them, with the exception of Zhizhginsky Island, are small and lie in the southern part of the bay and in front of the mouth of the Onega River.

The Onega coast of the bay is deeper than the Pomorsky one and is bordered by a significantly smaller number of dangers. For this reason, navigation on ships with a large draft is carried out mainly along this coast, and the entrance to the bay is carried out along the Vostochnaya Solovetskaya Salma Strait. The depths near the Onega coast are quite large, especially near its northern part. Seaward is the 20 m isobath, the bottom is relatively flat, and there are few separate hazards. Care should be taken when crossing the 20 m isobath, as there are many dangers between it and the shore. The soil along the coast is mainly stone and sand with stones; silt and sand are encountered far from the coast.

You can anchor near the islands of Zhizhginsky and Lesnaya Osinka (64 ° 09 "N, 37 ° 09" E), in the lips of Letnyaya Zolotitsa, Konyukhova and Pushlakhta, near the capes Letny Orlov and Chesmensky, in front of the mouth of the Lyamtsa river. Depending on the direction of the wind and the draft of the vessel, it is possible to anchor at other capes.

Notable points. When sailing along the Onega coast of the bay, landmarks can be: Zhizhginsky island, yellow sandy cliffs near the mouth of the Zolotitsa river, capes Letniy Orlov and Chesmensky, as well as the islands of Pulonets (64 ° 14 "N, 37 ° 03" E), Lesnaya Osinka and Purluda (64 ° 14 "N, 37 ° 21" E).

From Cape Gorboluksky to Cape Ukhtnavolok the coastline, which stretches for 5 miles to the WSW, is not very indented. It is fringed by shallows less than 50 m deep, up to 7 miles wide, scattered with islands, rocks and banks with depths of 0.4-19 m.

At 2.5 miles to NNW from Cape Ukhtnavolok lies the Zhizhginsky island, separated from the mainland by the Zhizhginsky Salma strait.

Cape Gorboluksky(Mys Gorbolukskiy) (65 ° 10 "N, 37 ° 02" E) is the eastern entrance cape of Onega Bay. The cape is noticeable thanks to the forest-covered hill located on it. The cape is gentle and rocky. The forest boundary in the area of ​​the cape is approximately 5 kbt from the coastline; the west of the head, the forest is gradually approaching the coast.

The drainage area at the cape is about 1 kbt wide.

Cape Ukhtnavolok (Mys Ukhtnavolok), low and wooded, is 4.5 miles to WSW from Cape Gorboluksky. The end of the Ukhtnavolok cape is a narrow sandy-rocky spit stretching 2.5 kbt to the north into the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait. A mountain rises directly to the south of the cape (65 ° 08 "N, 36 ° 51" E); The top of the mountain is rounded, and the slopes facing the sea are sloping. Structures are located on the shore 2.7 kbt to the S and 1.5 miles to the E from the cape.

Zhizhginsky Island(Ostrov Zhizhginskiy) (65 ° 12 "N, 36 ° 49" E). The shores of the island are sandy and rocky. In the middle of it rises a mountain; the northern, western and eastern slopes of this mountain are steep, and the southern one is sloping. Thanks to the mountain, the island is easily recognizable. The slopes of the mountain and the low parts of the island are overgrown with bushes. Approaching from the west and east, the island has a wedge-shaped shape.

On the eastern coast of the island there are buildings, most of which are in a dilapidated state; there are also separate buildings on the northern coast. There is a pier on the eastern coast of the island, 2.1 kbt to WSW from Cape Mys Livteikha (65 ° 12 "N, 36 ° 50" E). The width of the pier is 12.5 m.The length of the berth wall of the pier is 33.5 m, the depth along it is 1.2-1.5 m.When the tide begins, ships standing at the pier should move to the anchor point located on the line of the Vodonosny (65 ° 11.8 "N, 36 ° 48.8" E).

Several drying bays protrude into the coast of the island. From the narrow Cape Paletskiy (Mys Paletskiy), which is the northeastern tip of the island, the drying stony Churnavolokskaya Kosa stretches for 1 mile to the NNE, at the tip of which lies the rocky islet of Churnavolok (Ostrovok Churnavolok).

The island is bordered by a shallow shallow less than 5 m deep, on which stones and banks are scattered. The coastal part of the shallow dries up, and near the northern and eastern coasts, the drainage has a width of up to 2.5 kbt.

Tidal currents. Near Zhizhginsky Island, the tidal current is directed to the SW; from the south-western side of the island it follows into the bay at a speed of about 1 kn, and from the north-western side - at a speed of 1.5-2 knots. The current speed is low near the island. The change of currents occurs clockwise. The ebb current on the eastern side of the island is directed towards the NNE and NE and has a speed of 1-1.5 knots 1 mile offshore.

Lighthouse Zhizhginsky(Zhizhginskiy Lighthouse) (65 ° 12.2 "N, 36 ° 49.1" E) is installed on a mountain (closer to its northern slope) in the middle of Zhizhginsky Island. When approaching the island from the north, the lighthouse appears to be standing in the middle of a flat but wide mountain with steep slopes.

The beacon has a radio beacon and a sound signaling installation.

Luminous sign Zhizhginsky(Zhizhginskiy Light-Beacon) is installed on the north-western coast of the island, 1.3 kbt to NW from the Zhizhginskiy lighthouse. The luminous sign Zhizhginsky forms a section with the Zhizhginsky lighthouse (section direction 312.9 ° -132.9 °). The fire of the luminous sign shines in the direction of the alignment.

Churnavoloksky luminous sign(Churnavolokskiy Light-Beacon) is installed on the islet of Churnavolok.

Jar with a depth of 10.6 m lies 2.5 miles NE from the islet of Churnavolok. The Churnavolokskiy Light-Buoy is set 1.4 miles to the NNW from the islet of Churnavolok.

A set of luminous signs Aquifer(Vodonosnyy Leading Lights), installed near Lake Vodonosnoye (Ozero Vodonosnoye) on the eastern shore of Zhizhginsky island, 4 kbt to the N from Cape Chernyayevskiy, the southern tip of Zhizhginsky island, leads to the island from the east to the intersection with the Pristansky section; alignment direction 95.8 ° -275.8 °.

A set of luminous signs Pristansky(Pristanskiy Leading Lights), installed on the eastern coast of Zhizhginsky Island, 2 kbt to WSW from Cape Livteikha, leads to the pier from the Vodonosny section; alignment direction 130.9 ° - 310.9 °.

Buoy It is exposed at 2.4 kbt S from Cape Livteikha at the intersection of the Vodonosny and Pristansky sections.

Anchor places. In case of storm winds from N, NE and E, ships can dock off the southern, south-western and western coasts of Zhizhginsky Island, and with winds from W and NW - off the eastern coast of the island. Always be careful when approaching the island.

When anchoring off the northwestern coast of the island, care must be taken not to drop anchor on a steep coastal slope, as the depths increase sharply to the west of the island. It should be borne in mind that as you approach the island, the depths sharply decrease.

On the southern and eastern coasts of the island, large ships must anchor so that, with a change in the wind, it is possible to quickly weaken anchor and go to sea. It can be difficult for ships anchored off the southern coast of the island when the wind changes to SW and for ships anchored on the east coast, when the wind changes to NE, it can be difficult to wean and go to sea.

Vessels with a draft of no more than 3 m can anchor off Zhizhginsky Island everywhere, with the exception of the area located to the north of the island, where you can lose anchor amid many pitfalls. For loading and unloading, ships anchor off the eastern coast of the island on the line of the Vodonosny alignment, leaving to NE bank Korga-Livteikha(Banka Korga Livteikha), to SW can of Korga-Lunch(Banka Korga Obedenka). The depth here is about 10 m.

To the anchorage, located off the north-western coast of the island, leads section of the luminous sign Zhizhginsky with the lighthouse Zhizhginsky; alignment direction 312.9 ° -132.9 °.

Milestone Exposed off the northwestern coast of Zhizhginsky Island, 6 kbt to the W from Cape Bystry (Mys Bystryy) (65 ° 13 "N, 36 ° 49" E).

Strait Zhizhginskaya Salma(Proliv Zhizhginskaya Salma) separates Zhizhginsky Island from the mainland coast. Despite the relatively large width of the strait, its fairway, narrowed by shallows, is very narrow and winding. The fairway is available for vessels with a draft of up to 5.4 m.

It is not recommended to sail in the strait at night. The tidal current is directed to the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait from NE 30 to SW; its speed is 1.5-2 knots.

The fairway of the Zhizhginskaya Salma Strait is equipped with markers, a luminous sign and fenced off with milestones.

A warning. When sailing along the Zhizhginskaya Salma strait, one should go strictly along the alignments, since there are dangers on the sides of the fairway.

Luminous Sign of Pulkorg(Pulkorga Light-Beacon) (65 ° 09.9 "N, 36 ° 51.1" E) is set on the rocky low island of Pulkorga (Ostrovok Pulkorga). The sign is destroyed (1995).

Navigation manual for the Zhizhginskaya Salma strait. Going to the Zhizhginskaya Salma strait from the east, one must lie on range of signs First(Pervyy Leading Beacons) (65 ° 09.9 "N, 36 ° 51.1" E) (alignment direction 14.4 ° -194.4 °) and go to 65 ° 10.4 "N, 36 ° 51 , 4 "E. At this point, you should lie on a course of 228 ° and go between shallows with depths less than 5 m, protruding to the N from Cape Ukhtnavolok and to SE from the Zhizhginsky Island, leaving a milestone to NW (65 ° 10.4" N, 36 ° 51.4 "E). Coming to range of signs Third Ondrikovsky entrance(Tretiy Ondrikovskiy Entrance Leading Beacons) (65 ° 09.7 "N, 36 ° 57.6" E) (alignment direction 277.8 ° -97.8 °), you need to go to this alignment, bringing it aft, and go leaving to the N milestone (65 ° 10.4 "N, 36 ° 48.0" E), which encloses a bank with a depth of 2.8 m from W. stay on the course depending on the destination.

Following from the bay along the Zhizhginskaya Salma strait, it is necessary to arrange the courses in the reverse order, that is, first go along the course of 97.8 ° along the alignment of the Third Ondrikovsky entrance to the point 65 ° 10.1 "N, 36 ° 50.8" E, at at this point, lie on the course of 48 ° and go to the point 65 ° 10.4 "N, 36 ° 51.1" E; from here, having entered the Pervyi section and leading it along the stern, follow this alignment to the exit from the strait.

From Cape Ukhtnavolok to Cape Letniy Orlov the shore extends 17 miles to SW; the northern part of the coast is little indented; the Letnyaya Zolotitsa and Konyukhova lips protrude into its southern part.

The mountains in the area of ​​Cape Ukhtnavolok come close to the coast, and then retreat into the interior of the mainland and stretch to the south in an undulating ridge. Between Cape Ukhtnavolok and Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, the coast gradually decreases from north to south; in places it is bordered by a narrow sandy beach. Further to the west, up to Cape Letniy Orlov, the coast is low, sandy and rocky. This part of the coast is overgrown with dense forest, which in some places comes close to the coastline.

The coast is bordered almost along its entire length by drainage, which in some places has a width of up to 4 kbt. There are isolated hazards within 1.5 miles offshore.

Cape Kostylikha (Mys Kostylikha), low and rocky, overgrown with grass, is located 2 miles SSW from Cape Ukhtnavolok. Towards E from Cape Kostylyha, a wooded hill with gentle slopes rises. The cape is deep. There is a hut near the cape.

On the northern side of the cape there is a cove accessible to ships with a draft of up to 1 m.

To the south of the cape there are many drying stones scattered over which breakers form.

Lip Summer Zolotitsa(Guba Letnyaya Zolotitsa) juts out into the coast between the low and overgrown mixed forest Cape Pärtnavolok (Mys Pyartnavolok) (65 ° 00 "N, 36 ° 49" E) and the low Cape Satanskiy (Mys Satanskiy ). The lip is identified from 12-13 miles by a wide yellow sandy arched hollow and buildings of the village of Letnaya Zolotitsa (64 ° 57 "N, 36 ° 50" E), located on the right bank of the Zolotitsa River.

The shores of the bay are bordered by sandy-stony drainage up to 1 kbt wide.

The bottom of the lip is even, the depths increase gradually from the coast. Depths at the entrance to the bay 7-20 m, in the middle part 11-17 m; no dangers were found here. From Cape Pärtnavolok, 2 miles to the W and from Cape Satansky, 2 miles to the N, there are shallows with a depth of less than 10 m, on which there are separate hazards. The lip is protected from winds blowing from ENE to SSW.

Aids to navigation equipment. A fairway equipped with a range of luminous signs leads to the Letnaya Zolotitsa Bay. Some hazards are surrounded by milestones.

Jar rocky with a depth of 8.4 m lies 1.5 miles NW from Cape Pärtnavolok.

Jar with a depth of 5.6 m lies 1.1 miles W of Cape Pärtnavolok.

Banks Satan Corgi(Banki Satanskiye Korgi) stony with a depth of 0.2-3.8 m are located on a shallow with a depth of less than 10 m to NW from Cape Satansky. In this area, 1.2 miles NW of Cape Satansky, there are scattered drying stones.

The Zolotitsa River(Reka Zolotitsa) flows into the summit of Letnaya Zolotitsa Bay 1.6 miles to ENE from Cape Satansky. The banks of the river for 2.7 kbt above the mouth are bordered by sandy-stony drainage 10-20 m wide; the bottom of the river at the mouth is sandy and stony.

There is a bar in front of the river entrance. At the bar, 1 kbt from the mouth, there is a small sandy drainage, which is clearly visible when approaching the mouth in low water. Depths at the bar are 0.1-0.9 m. With winds from W and NW, breakers are observed above the bar. Small vessels with a draft of up to 1.2 m can enter the river in full water.

Up from the mouth, parallel to the right bank of the river, stretches a narrow pit 350 m long and 15-35 m wide; the depths here are 1-3 m, the ground is stone and silty sand. In the middle of the pit there is a passage leading to the anchorage and to the pier located on the right bank of the river 0.8 kbt above the mouth.

The speed of the current in the river is 1 kn. The tide in it spreads 1.6 kbt above the mouth. The speed of the tidal current at the river mouth is weak, the speed of the ebb current reaches 3.5 knots.

Berth equipped on the right bank of the river 0.8 kbt above the mouth on a sunken ship. The berth is 30 m long, 10 m wide, and 0.8 m deep along it.

Settlement Letnyaya Zolotitsa(Letnyaya Zolotitsa) is located on the right bank of the Zolotitsa River, 4.2 kbt above the mouth. There is a bakery, a first-aid post and a post office.

Aerial cable thrown across the Zolotitsa River at a height of 15 m, 4.4 kbt above the mouth.

Anchor places. In Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, anchorage points are located to the NW from the mouth of the Zolotitsa River in the area of ​​the Letne-Zolotitsky alignment. Depths 7-9 kbt from the mouth of the river 14-16 m, 5 kbt from the mouth 9-14 m, 4 kbt from the mouth 5-10 m. The ground is fine sand.

Anchorage sites are well protected from winds blowing from ENE to SSW.

The anchorage in the Zolotitsa River is located on a pit opposite the berth, 0.8 kbt SE from its mouth. The depths here are 1–2 m; the soil is silty sand. The anchorage is protected from the winds of all directions.

Milestone exhibited in the area of ​​the anchorage at 5.9 kbt to the NW from the mouth of the Zolotitsa River.

Instructions for entering the Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay and the Zolotitsa River. Vessels heading to Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay, having rounded the Zhizhginsky island from the north, at the parallel of the Zhizhginsky lighthouse, should go on a course with the expectation of passing Cape Pärtnavolok in 2 miles. Before reaching the parallel of Cape Pärtnavolok, you need to identify the mouth of the Zolotitsa River and range of luminous signs Letne-Zolotitsky(Letne-Zolotitskiy Leading Lights) (64 ° 57.4 "N, 36 ° 49.3" E); alignment direction 310.2 ° -130.2 °. Having arrived at this line, you need to lie down on it and follow to the anchor point.

Going to the Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay from the Letniy Orlov cape and being wary of the Satan Corgi banks, you should not approach the section of the coast between Mys Tolstyye Korgi capes (64 ° 56 "N, 36 ° 40" E) and Satan at a distance of less than 2 miles ... The milestone enclosing the Satan Corgi bank must be skirted with N. Having recognized the alignment signs, one must enter the lip along the Letne-Zolotitsky alignment.

You should also leave the lip along the alignment, beware of the Satan Corgi cans and the dangers lying on the northeastern side of the entrance.

When traveling from Letnyaya Zolotitsa Bay to Cape Letny Orlov, you cannot go on a 270 ° course until Cape Satansky comes to a bearing of 180 °, and Cape Tolstoy Korgi - to a bearing of 217 °. When following to Zhizhginsky Island, you must not turn to the right before Cape Tolstoy Corgi arrives at a bearing of 217 °, and the milestone that encloses the banks of the Satan Corgi remains to S or even to SE.

Vessels entering the river must, 1 hour before the moment of full water in the river from the anchor point (64 ° 57.9 "N, 36 ° 47.9" E), lie on the course 154 ° and go into the river, guided by the buildings, located on the right bank of the river mouth, leaving on the right, 25 m, a sandy drainage, 1 kbt to NW from the mouth.

Locals enter the river following local landmarks.

Guba Konyukhova juts out into the coast 4 miles to WSW from Cape Satansky. The eastern entrance cape of the lip is the Tolstoy Corgi cape. The low-lying sandy-rocky shores of the bay are completely overgrown with coniferous forest, approaching the coastline.

The shores of the bay are bordered almost along their entire length by drainage, the width of which does not exceed 1 kbt.

A small Cape Pushlakhotskiye Korgi (64 ° 54.0 "N, 36 ° 35.8" E) protrudes from the middle of the southern coast of the bay.

In the middle part of the bay and at the entrance to it there are depths of 10-14 m. The soil in the bay is mostly silt, as well as fine sand and stone.

Between the coast and the 10 m isobath lies a number of banks with depths of 1-5 m; there are underwater and drying stones and a drying sand bank.

Jar with a depth of 1.6 m lies 5 kbt NW from Cape Tolstoy Korgi.

Anchor places. The Konyukhova Bay is convenient for anchorage during stormy winds from E to SW. It is convenient to settle in the bay when ice moves from the Onega Bay. However, it should be borne in mind that with high tide and northerly winds, ice is packed into the lip.

Vessels with a draft of up to 6 m can safely anchor off the southeastern or southern coast of the bay, without going west of the meridian of Cape Pushlakhotskie Korgi.

Vessels with a draft of 4-6 m should not go to depths less than 10 m, as the depths decrease sharply closer to the coast. For the same reason, it is not recommended for vessels with a draft of 2-3 m to enter depths less than 5 m.

Instructions for entering the Konyukhov Bay. Following to the Konyukhov Bay with NE, it is necessary to leave Cape Satansky at a distance of at least 2 miles to the south, and not come closer than 1 mile to Cape Tolstoy Corgi, beware of the dangers protruding to the NW from it. When Cape Pushlahotskie Corgi comes to a bearing of 180 °, you need to lie on a course of 180 ° and enter the lip, measuring the depths. When anchoring off the south-western coast of the bay, one should beware of underwater and drying rocks lying to the NW from Cape Pushlakhotskie Korgi. For anchoring off the southeastern coast of the bay, you should follow the course of 180 ° until Cape Tolstoy Corgi comes to the traverse, and then lie on the course of 135 ° and approach the coast.

Following to the Konyukhov Bay from NW, one should beware of the Letne-Orlovskaya Bank (64 ° 57 "N, 36 ° 30" E). The western entrance cape of the lip is deeper, you can pass it in 5 kbt. When anchored at this cape, it should be borne in mind that the depths here decrease very sharply towards the coast.

You should approach the bay with a course of 135 °, and enter it with a course of 180 °, when the ship comes to the meridian of Cape Pushlakhotskie Korgi.

You should leave the bay in the opposite directions to the above, and you cannot turn to NW until you have passed the bearing of 297 ° to the western entrance promontory of the bay. When moving from Konyukhov Bay to Letnaya Zolotitsa Bay, you cannot turn to NE until you have passed a 110 ° bearing to Cape Tolstoy Korgi.

Bank Letne-Orlovskaya(Banka Letne-Orlovskaya) with a shallow depth of 7.2 m lies 4.5 miles to WNW from Cape Tolstoy Korgi.

From Cape Summer Orlov to Cape Chesmensky(64 ° 43 "N, 36 ° 32" E) The shore extending 12.8 miles to the S is low and rocky. 5 miles south of Cape Letny Orlov, the Pushlakhta Bay juts out into the coast. Between the Letniy Orlov Cape and the Pushlakhta Bay, the hills in some places approach the coast at a distance of 0.5-1 miles. In 2-2.5 miles from the coast there are rather high gentle wooded hills that stretch from the north to the Pushlakhta Bay.

The coast between the Letniy Orlov and Chesmensky capes is bordered by a shallow with depths of less than 5 m and a width of up to 1.5 miles. The coastal part of the shallow dries up. There are many banks and drying stones on the shallows, so it is not recommended to cross the 5 m iso bat. At the northern part of this part of the coast lies the vast Pushlakhotskaya shoal.

Notable points. When sailing along the coast, landmarks can be: Mount Sechishche (Gora Sechishche) (64 ° 54 "N, 36 ° 31" E); Mount Malinnitsa (Gora Malinnitsa), located 9 miles to ESE from Mount Sechische, and the valley of the Pushlakhta Bay.

Cape Summer Orlov(Mys Letniy Orlov) (64 ° 55 "N, 36 ° 27" E), low and rocky, bordered by shallows with depths less than 20 m, up to 2.3 miles wide. Banks with depths of 3.6-9.6 m are scattered on the shallows.

When approaching from the north and south, the cape opens up in the form of an island. Approaching the headland less than 1.5 miles is not recommended.

Lighthouse Letne-Orlovsky(Letne-Orlovskiy Lighthouse) is installed at the Letniy Orlov Cape. The beacon has a sound signaling installation.

Pilot station available at the Letne-Orlovsky lighthouse. The pilot station is mothballed.

Meeting point for pilots(65 ° 03.1 "N, 36 ° 32.0" E) for ships with a displacement of up to 100 thousand tons is located 8 miles north of Cape Letniy Orlov. Delivery of the pilot is carried out by a pilot boat from the port of Onega.

Luminous buoy Letne-Orlovsky(Letne-Orlovskiy Light-Buoy) is exhibited at 9 kbt to W from Cape Letniy Orlov. The buoy protects the dangers protruding from the Letny Orlov Cape.

With fresh winds from S, SW and W, it is more convenient to anchor to N or NE from the Letniy Orlov cape, but when approaching here one should be careful and measure the depths, since there are banks on the shallows with depths less than 10 m.

Pushlakhotskaya stranded(Pushlakhotskaya Mel ") lies in the middle of a wide shallow with a depth of less than 20 m, which protrudes 10 miles to the NW from the section of the coast between the Pushlakhta Bay and Cape Chesmensky. banks are unreliable. The ground in the shallow area is yellow sand, silt and small stones.

Guba Pushlakhta is located 5 miles SSE from Cape Letniy Orlov. From the south, the entrance to the bay is bounded by a narrow rocky cape Mys Tonkiy (64 ° 49 "N, 36 ° 30" E), devoid of vegetation.

The northeastern coast of the bay is elevated, covered with grass and overgrown with forest. The southwestern coast is low and also wooded, with the exception of Cape Tonky.

From both capes of the mouth there are shallows strewn with dangers; from Cape Tonky by 9 kbt to NW, a spit stretches with a depth of less than 5 m. A milestone is set up at the tip of the spit.

In the middle part of the bay, near its northeastern coast, there are two rocky islets devoid of vegetation: the Western Morskoy island (Ostrovok Zapadnyy Morskoy) (64 ° 49.5 "N, 36 ° 31.4" E) and located 1 kbt to ESE from him is the Vostochny Morskoy island (Ostrovok Vostochnyy Morskoy).

The shallow river Pushka (Reka Pushka) flows into the top of the bay. The houses of the village of Pushlakhta, located on the elevation of the left bank of the Pushka River estuary, are clearly visible in clear weather, when the sun is in the western half of the horizon.

The lip serves as a good shelter from wind and waves from NNW through N to W. With winds from W, waves break on a drying spit protruding to WNW from Cape Tonky.

Depths in the middle of the entrance to the bay 5-8 m. In the middle part of the bay to the south of the islets Zapadny Morskoy and Vostochny Morskoy, depths of 3-4 m; further to the top and the shores, they gradually decrease. From the entrance to the bay on the NW, there is a depression with depths of more than 8 m.

Tidal currents. The tidal current is directed from Cape Summer Orlov to SSE; its speed is up to 1.3 knots. This current pushes the vessels against an underwater rocky shallow with a depth of less than 5 m, protruding from Cape Tonky by 9 kbt to the NW. Then the current is divided into two jets: one jet is directed to the Pushlakhta Bay along its fairway to SE, the other to S along the coast to Cape Chesmensky. The ebb flow follows in the opposite direction at the same speed.

Ice regime. The lip is covered with ice around the beginning of November. With strong northwestern winds, ice breaks up at the entrance to the bay and is deposited on the coastal shoals; at low tide, ice is carried out into the sea. With high tide and winds from W and NW, ice is packed into the lip.

The lip opens in the first days, and sometimes in the middle of May.

Aids to navigation equipment. The fairway leading to the Pushlakhta Bay is equipped with a range of luminous signs.

Anchor places. It is recommended to anchor 5 kbt NW from the Western Morskoy island. The depths here are 7-8 m; soil - silt. When parked, you should start the verps from the stern. During fresh winds from NW, parking here is unsafe, as a large wave enters the lip.

The Pushlak-hotskiy Buoy (64 ° 49.8 "N, 36 ° 30.5" E) is set up in the area of ​​this anchorage.

Vessels with a draft of no more than 3 m can anchor at 2 kbt at a bearing of 55 ° to the northern tip of Vostochny Morskoy Island. The depths here are about 4.5 m; soil - silt and sand.

Instructions for entering the Pushlakhta Bay. Being 3 miles 347 ° from the Zhizhginsky lighthouse, you need to lie on the 209 ° course, passing 2 miles west of the Letny Orlov cape, and follow them until the Letne-Orlovsky lighthouse reaches a bearing of 96.5 °. Next, you need to lie on a course of 165 ° and follow them along the northeastern edge of the Pushlakhot shallow at a depth of at least 8.6 m.

Luminous buoy Pushlakhotsky(Pushlakhotskiy Light-Buoy) (64 ° 51.6 "N, 36 ° 23.4" E) should remain approximately 1 kbt to SW. Reaching alignment of luminous signs Pushlakhotsky(Pushlakhotskiy Leading Lights) (64 ° 49.5 "N, 36 ° 31.3" E) (alignment direction 302.9 ° -122.9 °), you need to lie on it and enter the lip.

When leaving the Pushlakhta Bay, you should go around the Western Morskoy island from the south at a distance of at least 1 kbt. Arriving at the Pushlakhotskiy target, it is necessary to bring him along the stern. If you need to go to the port of Onega, you must follow the alignment until the Letne-Orlovsky lighthouse reaches a bearing of 14 °, then lie on a course of 188 ° and go to Cape Chesmensky. The depths on this course are over 5.8 m.

When proceeding from the Pushlakhta Bay to the sea basin, one should follow the opposite courses to those recommended for entering the bay.

Bank Shidrovskaya(Banka Shidrovskaya) with a depth of 4.4 m lies 2.2 miles to WSW from Cape Tonky. The bank is surrounded by depths of 7-9 m. A milestone is placed to the SW from the bank.

Chapter 4 Sailing of the White Sea also contains a description of the coastline from Cape Chesmensky to the Onega River, which is not given here.

Onega river

The Onega River (Reka Onega), abounding and deep in the lower reaches, flows into the top of Onega Bay. The mouth of the river is located between Cape Pikhnemskiy (Mys Pikhnemskiy) (63 ° 57 "N, 38 ° 00" E) and Cape Pilsky (Mys Pil "skiy), located 1.3 miles to 5 SSW from it. due to low swampy, grassy and wooded shores, but it is well recognized when crossing from the alignment of the Pikhnemskiy No. 1 Leading Lights (63 ° 57.8 "N, 38 ° 02.0" E) to the target Pikhnemskiy No. 2 Leading Lights (63 ° 56.4 "N, 38 ° 00.7" E) at Timber Export Berths (63 ° 56 "N, 38 ° 01" E) near the right bank of the river and the pipe (63 ° 55.9 "N, 38 ° 02.0" E), as well as along a strip of dark forest stretching on the Pomor coast from Cape Pilsky to the village of Vorzogory (63 ° 54 "N, 37 ° 41 "E). For details, see the Sailing of the White Sea.

Port regulations

Below are excerpts from the Compulsory Regulations for the sea trade port of Onega, the port of Solovki ed. 2003, a copy of which can be obtained upon arrival at the port. Due to the fact that the Binding Terms change from time to time and may differ from those set forth here.

1.2. The requirements of the "Compulsory Regulations" apply to all Russian and foreign vessels located in the water area of ​​the port, port point, to their ship owners, as well as to all legal entities and individuals, regardless of departmental affiliation and forms of ownership, carrying out production or other activities in the water area of ​​the port, port point and / or on the territory adjacent to it.

1.9. Vessels entering and leaving the port are carried out around the clock, except for cases when the movement of vessels in the port water area is prohibited for any reason (difficult hydrometeorological conditions, liquidation of accidents or their consequences, underwater technical work, water sports events, etc. similar cases, when the safety of navigation of ships in the port water area is not ensured or the movement of ships poses a threat to the safety of certain work on it).

Vessels enter and leave the port of Solovki during daylight hours.

1.10. The port, port point accepts ships with size restrictions, according to the table:

1.10.1. When navigating through the canals of the port water area, the port station, the draft of ships should not exceed the following values:

1) From the receiving buoy No. 1 to berths No. 1-4 - 5.3 m.
2) From the berths of OJSC OLDK to the City roadstead - 4 m.
3) From the City roadstead to the port berth - 2.5 m.
4) From the receiving buoy to the Tamarin pier, the port of Solovki - 5.5 m.
5) From the Tamarin berth to the Hitta and Monastyrsky berths, the port of Solovki - 3 m.
6) Offshore oil transshipment complex - 18 m.

1.14. All ships located in the water area of ​​a port, port point must fly their national flags.
1.14.1. When the vessel is moving, regardless of the time of day, the flag is raised on the stern flagpole or on the gaff of the stern mast.
1.14.2. During anchorage at the pier or in the roadstead, the flag must be kept raised on the stern flagpole from 8:00 to sunset, from April 20 to August 20 - from 8:00 to 20:00.
1.14.3. During the entire time of their stay in the port, foreign vessels must keep the flag of the Russian Federation raised on the fore-yard or in another most visible place.

2. Navigation of vessels within the scope of the Mandatory Ordinances. Swimming rules.

2.1.5. When choosing the speed of movement in the water area of ​​the port, the captains of sea-going vessels should be guided by the recommendations of the pilot, but under all favorable sailing conditions, the speed of sea-going vessels should be:

2.1.5.3. When following the Angarsk alignment of the port point of Solovki to the Tamarin berth and further to the Kheta and Monastyrsky berths - up to 8 knots.

Rules for navigation of vessels in ice

2.1.28. Navigation of ships in ice conditions begins from the moment the primary ice forms appear in the water area of ​​the port, port point (late October - early November) and until the water area freezes.

2.1.28.1. Depending on the ice conditions in the White Sea and in the port water area, as well as the availability of icebreaking facilities, the port captain sets the category of ice reinforcement and the power of the power plant for ships heading to the port of Onega, the port of Solovki or sailing in its water area, which is announced in the PRIP and communicated to shipowners and / or shipping agents of ships.

2.1.28.2. Ships that do not have ice reinforcement are prohibited from sailing in the water area of ​​the port, the port point of Solovki.

2.2. Pilotage service

2.2.1. Pilotage (pilotage operation) means any passage of a vessel to the water area of ​​the port, the port of Solovki with a pilot on board, as well as escorting a vessel to the wake behind another vessel on which there is a pilot (pilotage).

2.2.1.1. Out-of-port pilotage - pilotage of vessels from anchorage in the Karelian roadstead (63 ° 59.2 "N, 37 ° 33.7" E) to the first anchorage (berth, roadstead) when calling from the sea or from the last anchorage of the vessel (berth , roadstead) to the anchorage at the Karelian roadstead at the exit to the sea.

2.2.1.2. Intraport pilotage - a pilotage operation in the water area of ​​the port, the port of Solovki when a vessel moves from one berth to another, not adjacent to the first, within the same cargo area; when changing anchorage within the same roadstead, as well as when rearranging (hauling) the vessel along the front of adjacent berths at a distance of more than 50 m.

2.2.1.3. The length of the out-of-port wiring from the Karelian roadstead to the Timber Export Road is 13.1 miles, to the City roadstead, 15.6 miles.

2.2.1.4. The length of out-of-port pilotage at the port of Solovki from the meeting point of the pilots (64 ° 54.8 "N, 35 ° 43.5" E) to the turning basin is 10.1 miles, to the anchorage at Pesya Luda Island, 8 miles.

2.2.1.5. Pilotage of ships (tankers) with a displacement of up to 100 thousand tons is mandatory, the length of pilotage is 74.2 miles.

From the meeting point of the pilots (65 ° 03.6 "N, 36 ° 32.0" E), you should go: heading 209 ° 2.6 miles to the point 65 ° 01.3 "N, 36 ° 29.2" E; heading 233 ° 10 miles to 64 ° 55.3 "N, 36 ° 10.2" E; heading 205 ° 6.2 miles to 64 ° 49.6 "N, 36 ° 04.0" E; heading 138 ° 22.2 miles to 64 ° 33.1 "N, 36 ° 39.8" E; heading 145 ° 14.7 miles to 64 ° 20.8 "N, 36 ° 58.5" E; heading 175 ° 3.3 miles to 64 ° 17.6 "N, 36 ° 59.3" E; heading 133 ° 12.2 miles to 64 ° 09.3 "N, 37 ° 19.6" E; heading 148.5 ° 3 miles to the point 64 ° 06.8 "N, 37 ° 23.2" E (anchorage of the RPK Osinka).

2.2.2. Pilotage in the water area of ​​the port, the port of Solovki is obligatory:

• for all foreign ships, regardless of their gross tonnage;
• for all Russian ships of 500 gross tonnage tons and more.

2.2.4. Requests for pilotage services are submitted by the captains of ships directly or through sea agents to the pilotage service (phone 2-16-54, on VHF, channel 16, working channel 9, call sign "Onega-radio-5") or to the ISPD duty officer in writing or on VHF , channel 16 (working channel 9), around the clock at the address: 164840, Onega, Kirov avenue, 107, in the following terms:

2.2.4.1. When traveling to the port from the sea in 48 and 24 hours with subsequent clarification in 6 hours.

2.2.4.2. When in the port for all types of pilotage services in 12 hours, followed by clarification in 6 hours.

2.2.4.3. The application must contain the following data: name of the vessel, ship owner and sea agent, flag of the vessel, maximum dimensions of the vessel (length, width, depth), draft forward and stern, time by which the pilot must arrive on the vessel.

2.2.5. In cases of postponement of the start of work or refusal of pilotage services, the captain of the vessel must notify the pilotage service or the IGPC about this no later than 2 hours before the originally announced period. If this condition is not met, the captain of the vessel is obliged to sign the pilot's receipt, who arrived at the previously announced time, to collect the fee for the vain call.

2.2.6. Delivery of pilots to vessels and their removal from vessels is provided by:

• in the Karelian roadstead, at the port of Solovki during the summer navigation period - by the pilot ships "Captain Mityagin" and "Alexander Kuchin", whose permanent anchorage is the port berth; during other periods of navigation - by harbor tug or icebreaker. The vessel performing the functions of a pilot vessel is on permanent watch on VHF, channel 16, call sign - the name of the vessel;
• in the rest of the port water area - by motor vehicle, pilot ships or harbor tugs declared by the vessel for mooring or other operations.

3.1. Approach information

3.1.1. The captains of ships proceeding to the port of Onega, the port of Solovki from the sea, are obliged, through shipowners or representatives of an agency company, to give to the checkpoint of the port of Onega (KKP "Onega") and the Onega customs the initial information on the estimated time of approach to the border of the port water area for 48 hours, a second time in 24 hours, followed by clarification in 6 hours.

3.1.1.1. Captains of ships arriving from abroad, in cases of detection on board of foreign citizens or stateless persons seeking asylum on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as Russian citizens who are not members of the ship's crew or passengers, are obliged to immediately notify through the shipowner or sea agent about this KKP "Onega" and provide information to the latter about the approach of the vessel to the border of the port water area within the time specified in Art. 3.1.1.

3.1.2. In the initial information about the approach, the captain reports the following information:

• name of the vessel;
• where the ship is from (port, port point of the last call);
• the purpose of entering the port (unloading, loading, equipping, repairing);
• name and quantity of cargo and / or passengers;
• the presence on board of the persons referred to in Art. 3.1.1.1;
• name of the consignee;
• the name of the consignor, if the vessel is only for loading or reloading;
• draft bow and stern to sea and fresh water.

3.1.2.1. Tanker masters, in addition to the information specified in this article, report the amount of ballast on board (isolated, clean, dirty) and the presence of non-degassed cargo tanks.

3.1.3. If the ship visits the port for the first time, then in the primary information addressed to the Harbor Master, in addition to Art. 3.1.2 the following information is reported:

• flag and home port of the vessel;
• the ship owner and his address;
• call sign and IMO identification number;
• gross and net registered tonnages;
• the greatest length, breadth and depth of the ship;
• draft of the vessel for the summer load line for sea and fresh water.

3.1.4. A vessel with an object in tow (lighter, floating crane, floating dock, etc.) reports information about the towed object.

3.1.5. The captain of a ship arriving at the port in an emergency state on his own or in tow, as well as of a ship towing an emergency facility, is obliged, in addition to that specified in Art. 3.1.2, 3.1.3 information, give data on the nature of damage, the amount of roll and trim, the state of stability, the maneuverability of the damaged vessel, taking into account the damage; the need for tugboats necessary for towing the vessel in the port water area and other, at the discretion of the master, information about the condition of the vessel, affecting its seaworthiness.

3.1.6. Masters of ships arriving from abroad are obliged, no later than 6 hours before approaching the port border, to inform the sanitary authorities through the sea agent (ship owner) about the presence on board of sick or suspicious persons for a quarantine disease, about the death of rodents and other information according to the marine health declaration in accordance with the Rules for the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation.

3.1.7. In case of diversion of the vessel, the master is obliged to notify the master of the port and other addressees specified in art. 1, and cancel the applications submitted to them.

3.2. Parish registration

3.2.1. All ships arriving at the port from abroad, and foreign ships, even if arriving from another Russian port, must go through border, customs and sanitary control at the berths or at roadsteads.

Agencies serving ships arriving at the port must agree in advance with the authorities exercising the above control, the place of its conduct and inform the captains of the ships and the IGPC about it.

In turn, ship masters, when approaching the port boundaries, must promptly contact their maritime agent and clarify the place of these formalities.

3.2.2. All ships arriving at the port, the port of Solovki from the sea, are required to register their arrival within 24 hours from the moment of mooring or anchoring on one of the internal roadsteads in the ISPC, or they can transfer the Captain's Testimony, General Declaration, Crew List through sea agents. serving Russian and foreign ships in the IGPC (Onega, 107 Kirov avenue, tel. 2-16-54) (Solovki settlement, Severnaya St., 13) around the clock.

3.2.3. For registration of the arrival at the IGPC, the following are presented: General declaration (for ships arriving from abroad) or Captain's testimony for arrival (for all other ships); Crew list; Certificate for the right to sail under the flag of the home port state; Certificate of ownership; Certificate of the minimum crew to ensure the safety of the vessel; originals of documents issued by the Russian technical supervision and vessel classification body (Maritime and River Register), or another Russian technical supervision body, or a foreign classification society, confirming that the vessel meets the requirements for the safety of navigation and environmental protection, and a copy of the cargo manifest (Cargo Declaration ).

Russian ships must additionally present a copy of the license for the right to carry out one or another transport activity of their ship owner or directly by this ship.

3.2.4. If an accident occurs during the voyage with the ship, the captain of the ship upon arrival at the port informs the Harbor Master in writing about this in the General Declaration or the Captain's Indications for Arrival, and also submits a Statement of the Emergency.

3.3. Exit clearance

3.3.1. The captains of all ships intending to go beyond the maritime boundary of the port water area (see Art. 1.8) are required to obtain a permit to go to sea from the ISPC (to issue a departure).

3.3.2.1. The captains of the ships must inform the IGPC about the forthcoming sailing out to sea at least 12 hours before the expected time of shooting from the mooring (anchor) and agree with it the procedure for registering the departure (independently at the IGPC or its representative on board the vessel).

3.3.2.2. The decision on the place of registration of the departure is taken by the senior state inspector of the IGPC, about which he informs the captain of the vessel no later than 6 hours before the declared estimated time of shooting from mooring or anchor.

3.3.2.3. The masters of ships, the clearance of the departure of which will be carried out on board, are obliged, no later than 4 hours in advance, to clarify in the IGPC the time when the vessel is ready for inspection by the representative of the IGPC.

3.3.2.4. In the event of a postponement of the time of registration of departure or refusal, the captain of the ship must notify the IGPC about this no later than 2 hours before the initial declared date. If this condition is not met, the captain of the vessel is obliged to sign the IGPC inspector who arrived at the previously announced time a receipt on the collection of the fee for the vain call.

3.3.3. Captains of ships traveling abroad, and foreign ships and in cases of going to another Russian port, are obliged to notify the relevant authorities through sea agents 12 hours in advance of the estimated time of the ship's presentation for border and customs control, followed by clarification 4 and 2 hours in advance.

3.3.4. The captains of all Russian ships, before registering a departure at the IGPC, must present the ship to the Sanitary and Quarantine Department (SQD) of the State Epidemiological Supervision. Applications for the presentation of the vessel to the SKO doctors are accepted from 9 am to 3 pm on the current day and during the working day - on the next.

SKO address: 129, Oktyabrsky Ave., tel. 2-36-14.

3.3.5. When the vessel is staying in the port for less than 24 hours, all the information and applications provided for in art. 3.3.2-3.3.4, are given immediately upon arrival of the vessel at the port.

3.3.6. If the ship cannot be ready by the declared time for the execution of certain port formalities for departure, the master is obliged to notify the relevant services and authorities no later than 2 hours before the originally announced time, indicate another time of the ship's readiness or completely cancel the application.

3.3.7. For registration of departure, the following must be submitted to the IGPC: General Declaration (for ships leaving the border) or the Master's Statement for the right of departure (for all other ships); Certificate of safe stowage and securing of cargo or an act of acceptance of work on securing cargo; fire and sanitary certificates (for Russian ships); two copies of the crew list; crew diplomas and qualifications, as well as ship documents listed in Art. 3.2.3.

3.3.8. The captain of the towed vessel (if there is a crew on the vessel) draws up the departure independently. In addition to the documents listed in Art. 3.3.7, the Instruction for ensuring the safety of sea towing approved by the Register or another classification society should be presented to the ISPC.

When registering a departure, the captain of the towing vehicle, in addition to the documents listed in Article 3.3.7, must present to the IGPC the Transition Plan, the Instruction for ensuring the safety of sea towing, and if there is no crew on the towed object or there are no certified maritime specialists on it, then present an inspection certificate for this object. before towing by the towing commission.

3.3.13. The permit to go to sea, issued by the ISPC, is valid for 24 hours.

3.3.14. If, after registering the departure at the ISPC, the vessel for some reason delayed in the port for more than 24 hours, or there have been changes in the composition of the crew since the registration of the departure, the captain of the vessel must report this to the ISTC and agree with her on the procedure for re-registering the departure.

3.3.15. Captains of ships that have entered the water area of ​​the port, port point from the sea and anchored in the outer roadstead for processing border formalities, sheltering from a storm, handing over a patient, receiving (handing over) a towed object, receiving supplies, must register their arrival and departure through the shipowner or sea agent by transferring to the harbor master the information about the vessel provided for in art. 3.1.2 and 3.1.3, indicating the final destination of the vessel.

3.3.18. Despite the departure formalized in the ISPC, the port captain has the right to delay the departure of the vessel to the sea in the following cases:

• presentation of claims and requirements to the ship by the border and customs authorities;
• changes in the navigational or hydrometeorological situation that prevent the vessel from leaving the port;
• presentation of property claims to the ship in accordance with the established procedure by any enterprises of the city;
• if it is found that the vessel has a heel of more than 5 ° or its seaworthiness has deteriorated, which poses a threat to navigation in the port water area.

4.1. Anchorage of vessels in roads

4.1.1. The vessel can anchor in one or another roadstead in agreement with the ISPC or on its direct instructions.

4.1.2. Anchoring of foreign and Russian vessels for border and customs control is allowed at the Karelian roadstead, Lesoexport roadstead, at the anchorage point of the RPK Osinka and at the port berths.

4.1.3. All ships are prohibited from anchoring:

• at a flood current speed of more than 3 knots;
• with wind strength over 6 points (wind speed over 12 m / s)
• at a distance of less than 200 m from the place of diving operations; in protective zones of cables, underwater pipelines and water intakes;
• on the fairways and near them, except for the cases provided for in Art. 2.1.15.

4.3. Mooring of ships

4.3.1. Masters of ships intending to approach the berth, despite the previously received information about the readiness of the berth to receive the vessel, must independently or through a marine agent (ship owner) obtain permission from the owner of the berth to approach it.

4.3.2. Before approaching the berth or another vessel staying at the berth, the captain of the vessel must report to the ISPC on the presence or absence of tug support and ask her for permission to approach.

• there is no permission to approach from the owner of the berth;
• IGPC has banned the approach, regardless of the availability of permission from the owner of the berth;
• foreign and Russian ships arriving from abroad have not received permission from the border and customs authorities; the approach of other vessels to these vessels or to the berth near (less than 30 m) from their anchorage is also prohibited;
• there are no mooring officers at the berth;
• at the adjacent berth, another vessel is making a mooring operation.

Note. It is prohibited to disembark from the vessel to the berth of the crew members to receive or release mooring lines.

4.3.5. The approach of ships to the berths should be made, as a rule, with the bow against the tidal current acting at that moment.

4.3.6. Captains of seagoing vessels when mooring or to another vessel and when leaving them are obliged to use harbor tugs and (or) icebreaking facilities. An application for a tug in the port is submitted no later than 4 hours before the start of the operation to the person on duty on the ISPC on VHF channel 16, and at the port of Solovki - to the person on duty at the ISPK 48 hours before the start of the operation, followed by confirmation 24 hours before.

4.3.7. To prevent damage to the underwater part of the ship's hull and the berth, it is prohibited to approach the berth of vessels with a heel of more than 5 ° to the outer (river) side.

4.3.8. Vessels with a bow bulb should approach the berth with the help of tugs, and when the hull touches the berth, the bulb should not come into contact with the berth.

4.3.9. When a vessel approaches the berth or another vessel, all protruding objects and vessel devices must be promptly removed inward beyond the side line.

4.3.10. If anchors were used during the mooring operation, then after its completion the latter should be raised "to the place" and secured with tape and screw stoppers.

4.5. Change of parking places

4.5.1. The dispatch service of the owner of the berth or stevedoring company must notify the ship's captain either directly or through a maritime agent about the time of the beginning of the hauling or rearrangement of the vessel and the end of cargo and auxiliary work, no later than 4 hours in advance with subsequent clarification 2 hours in advance.

If these actions are planned for the evening or at night, the captain of the vessel must be warned about this before 17 o'clock of the current day.

4.5.2. With the receipt of the above information, the captain of the vessel, directly or through a sea agent, must submit an application for movement in the IGPC, and the captains of foreign and Russian vessels of foreign navigation must provide information and obtain permission to change the berth at the border and customs authorities.

4.5.3. By the date indicated by the dispatcher, the vessel must be fully prepared for hauling or crossing and, if necessary, a pilot and tug support must be ordered.

4.5.5. The transfer of a vessel with disabled main engines or steering gear from one area of ​​the port to another, as well as the relocation of a vessel from one berth to another within one area, is allowed after agreement with the Harbor Master of the conditions for ensuring the safety of the vessel when performing these works.

4.5.7. Hauling vessels within one berth or to an adjacent berth on mooring lines using deck mechanisms is allowed only for vessels up to 100 m in length.

4.5.7.1. Vessels with a length of 100 to 130 m with the specified constrictions should have the main engines ready and, if necessary, make extra money with them at the lowest speed.

With a wind of more than 5 points (wind speed over 10 m / s), a towing service must be ordered to ensure safety.

4.5.7.2. When hauling vessels over 130 m in length, the readiness of the main engines for operation and the towing support are mandatory under any hydrometeorological conditions.

4.5.8. Shifting of all ships along adjacent berths by more than 100 m, as well as shifting from one berth to another, not adjacent to the first one, is considered an intraport passage, in which for the ships specified in Art. 2.2.2, the presence of a pilot and towing support is mandatory.

4.6. Cargo operations and towing of vessels in the port, port point

4.6.1. For loading and unloading operations on foreign and coastal vessels, the port has berths belonging to various owners:

• timber export berths No. 1-4 for loading sawn timber;
• port berth for loading and unloading general cargo;
• city ​​roadstead (floating berths) for loading round timber from water;
• Tamarin cargo-passenger berth (port point of Solovki);
• cargo berth Kheta (port of Solovki);
• passenger berth Monastyrsky (port of Solovki).

About bunkering ships

4.6.19. Bunkering of vessels staying at berths is allowed only with the consent of their owners and after meeting the requirements for ensuring fire safety and preventing pollution of the berth and the adjacent water area.

4.6.20. Bunkering of vessels with dangerous goods on board is allowed only in the roadstead with the special permission of the fire authorities. The anchorage for this operation is determined by the Harbor Master.

4.6.22. The above requirements relate to the performance of operations to supply ships with oils and other types of supplies containing hazardous substances, as well as the delivery by ships of waters contaminated with substances harmful to human health and the environment.

4.7. Storm action

4.7.3. Upon receiving a storm warning, the captains of sea-going ships and seaport vessels are obliged to take all measures to ensure the safe stay of the vessel during stormy weather (add additional mooring lines, give up the second anchor, prepare the engine for operation, etc., until changing the berth).

4.7.4. Upon receipt of a storm warning, seagoing vessels intended or equipped to carry out emergency rescue operations, regardless of departmental affiliation and forms of ownership, must be constantly ready to go to sea to carry out work to rescue people or to provide assistance to ships in distress.

These vessels can be engaged by the Harbor Master to perform the above-mentioned works in the port water area.

4.9. Prevention of environmental pollution

4.9.1. All Russian and foreign sea vessels, ships of port, river and small size fleets, as well as all legal entities carrying out any activity in the port water area, are obliged to comply with the requirements of the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78), the Law of the Russian Federation on Environmental Protection of 19.12.91, Manual on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (RD 31.04.23-94) and other regulations (rules, manuals, instructions, etc.) issued on their basis.

Pomeranian coast of the bay

From Sorokskaya Bay to Kem Port

From Sorokskaya Bay to Kem Port the shore extends 22 miles to NNW. The coast is low and rocky, along its entire length cut by numerous lips and coves, most of which are shallow and partially or completely dry up. The largest are Shueretskaya (64 ° 47 "N, 34 ° 55" E) and Kemskaya (64 ° 58 "N, 34 ° 45" E). This section of the coast is bordered by many islands, islets and dangers that form the southern part of the Kemsky skerries; the outer edge of the skerries is up to 10 miles from the coast. Due to the large number of dangers and shallow waters, sailing here is possible on boats and vessels with shallow draft. Vessels with a large draft, when navigating in this area, should skirting the Kemsky skerries from the east. Among the outer islands of the middle part of the Kemsky skerries lies the Kuzovskiy Fairway, along which ships sometimes approach the village of Rabocheostrovsk; this fairway leads from the southeast from Tupichikha Island (64 ° 54 "N, 35 ° 08" E) to the Palluda Islands (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 56" E) to the Korabelniy fairway.

Notable points. When sailing from Sorokskaya Bay to the port of Kem, landmarks can be: mountain Revyazhya (Gora Revyazh "ya) overgrown with forests (64 ° 51" N, 34 ° 55 "E); Russkiy Kuzov Island (64 ° 56" N, 35 ° 08 " E), opening from 25-28 miles, and German Kuzov Island (64 ° 57 "N, 35 ° 10" E), opening from about 30 miles.

Aids to navigation equipment. Some hazards are shielded by light buoys and milestones.

The lip juts out into the shore 4 miles N of Vygnavolok Cape. It is possible to enter the bay in full water on small boats, provided that the local sailing conditions are known. The banks of the lip are low. At 1.5 miles from the coastline, the terrain rises slightly; the coast is overgrown with bushes and forests.

From the north, the bay is bounded by the southern coast of the Shuyostrov island. In the depths of this island, there are gentle hills overgrown with forest. The island of Shuyostrov (Ostrov Shuyostrov) is separated from the coast of the mainland by a narrow drying strait Sorokskaya Salma.

The described lip is shallow; its depth is less than 5 m. The shores of the bay are bordered by drainage, at its top having a width of up to 3 miles.

In the bay and in front of its entrance there are many islands, surface and underwater stones and banks. Most of the islands are elevated, forested and gently sloping. The largest of the islands is Bear Island (Ostrov Medvezhiy), located 5.8 miles north of Cape Vygnavolok. 1.2 miles NE from Bear Island are the Ostrova Sosnovtsy Islands, which have low rocky shores covered with meadow vegetation and forest.

The most seaward are the Sailboats Islands, which lie in front of the mouth of the bay 4 miles NE from Cape Vygnavolok. When swimming in the bay area, you should not cross the 10 m isobath.

Islands Big Zhuzhmui and Small Zhuzhmui(Ostrova Bol "shoy Zhuzhmuy, Malyy Zhuzhmuy) (64 ° 37" N, 35 ° 40 "E) are located in the middle of the bay.

The northwestern part of Bolshoy Zhuzhmui Island is much higher than its middle and southeastern parts. In the area of ​​Cape Svetelka - the western end of the island - the coast is high. In the direction of Cape Sennoy (Mys Sennoy) (64 ° 39 "N, 35 ° 35" E) - the southern tip of the island - the terrain gradually decreases and turns into lowland. The island is overgrown with forest, which on the south-western coast comes close to the water, and on the north-eastern coast it starts 2-3 kbt from the coastline.

Small Zhuzhmui Island is much lower than Big Zhuzhmui Island. The northern part of the Maliy Zhuzhmui island is higher than the southern one and gradually decreases to the southeast. The island is overgrown with forest.

The islands of Big Zhuzhmui and Small Zhuzhmui lie in one common shallow water. The shores of the islands, with the exception of the northern coast of Bolshoi Zhuzhmui Island, are bordered by dry land. From the southeastern tip of Bolshoi Zhuzhmui Island, 1.5 miles to SE, there is a drying sandbank on which three scrub-covered islets lie; Between this shoal and the drainage bordering the northern tip of Maly Zhuzhmui Island, there is a strait 1-5 kbt wide.

Banks with depths of 5-19.4 m are scattered within 7 miles SW of Cape Svetelka.

Within 4 miles SW and SE of Mys Novaya Obedennaya Korga (64 ° 36 "N, 35 ° 42" E), the southeastern tip of Maly Zhuzhmui Island, there are banks with depths of 5.6-10 m.

It is dangerous to approach the island of Maly Zhuzhmui because of the many pitfalls lying on the shallows with depths of less than 5 m. The southern end of this island should be skirted at a distance of at least 2.5 miles.

Lighthouse Zhuzhmuysky(Zhuzhmuyskiy Lighthouse) (64 ° 40.7 "N, 35 ° 33.6" E) is established in the middle of Bolshoy Zhuzhmuy Island on a vast treeless plain gradually declining to the east and southeast.

The buildings at the lighthouse are visible in the sector from 0 ° to 115 °.

The lighthouse has a radio beacon.

Zhuzhmui sign(Zhuzhmuyskiy Beacon) (64 ° 41.0 "N, 35 ° 34.2" E) is established on the northeastern coast of Bolshoi Zhuzhmui Island.

The side of this sign with the Zhuzhmuisky lighthouse leads to the anchorage point off the northeastern coast of Bolshoy Zhuzhmui Island.

Luminous sign Small Zhuzhmui(Malyy Zhuzhmuy Light-Beacon) is installed at the southeastern tip of Maly Zhuzhmuy Island.

Bank Zhuzhmuyskaya(Banka Zhuzhmuyskaya) with the shallowest depth of 1.2 m is located 1.8 miles to NNE from Cape Svetelka. From the north, west and south sides of the bank.

Jar with a shallow depth of 6.2 m lies 3.4 miles WNW from Cape Svetelka.

Bullet Luda Island(Ostrovok Pulya-Luda) is located 7.5 kb SW from Cape Svetelka. There are dangers within 3 kbt to WSW of this barren granite island.

Islet Pechak(Ostrovok Pechak), sandy-stony and conspicuous, lies on a dry land protruding from the western coast of Maly Zhuzhmui Island, 8 kbt SW from its northern tip.

Anchor places for vessels with a large draft are available on roadsteads near the island of Bolshoy Zhuzhmui. With winds from NE and E, it is possible to anchor in the southwestern roadstead 1-1.3 miles SW from the middle of the southwestern coast of Bolshoi Zhuzhmui Island. The depths here are 12-20 m; soil - silt and sand.

Vessels with a draft of up to 4 m can anchor at the point of intersection of bearings of 0 ° to Cape Svetelka and 270 ° to the island of Pula-Luda. The depths here are 6-7 m; soil - silt and sand. With northerly and partly north-westerly winds, ships with a draft of up to 4 m can anchor at 4-5 kbt at 235 ° from Cape Sennaya. The depths here are 6-7 m. It is not recommended to approach the shore to a depth of less than 5 m.

With winds from S, W and SW, you can anchor in the northeastern roadstead 3-4 kbt NE from the Zhuzhmuisky sign. The depths here are 11-14 m; soil - silt, sand and stone. Approach to this anchor point should be heading 220.2 ° along the alignment of the Zhuzhmuisky sign with the Zhuzhmuisky lighthouse; alignment direction 40.2 ° - 220.2 °. The smallest depth on the alignment axis (seaward of the anchor point) is 7 m.

You can hide from the southeastern winds in the northwestern roadstead off the northwestern coast of Bolshoi Zhuzhmui Island. It should be borne in mind that the depths here sharply increase from 5 m to 30 m and more; soil - silt and small stone.

Islets of Great Sennukha and Little Sennukha(Ostrovki Bol "shaya Sen-nukha, Malaya Sennukha) lie 8 miles to the N from the island of Big Zhuzhmui.

The islet of Big Sennukha is 27.5 m high, rocky and covered with peat. The steep granite shores of the island, devoid of vegetation, are light gray in color. In late spring and early summer, thanks to the abundant cloudberries growing on it, the Big Sennukha islet has a red-yellow color.

The Malaya Sennukha islet is low, rocky and devoid of any vegetation.

The strait between the islands of Bolshaya Sennukha and Malaya Sennukha is not navigable. The shores of both islets, especially Bolshaya Sennukha, are shallow; however, it is not recommended to approach the islets at a distance of less than 1 mile, as there are very shallow depths near them.

Tidal currents pass in the area of ​​the islands of Big Sennukha and Small Sennukha in two branches. One branch follows from the eastern side of the Solovetsky Islands, and the other from the western side from the throne. These branches, merging, form a current, which, even with weak winds, contributes to the rapid onset of significant waves.

Sennuh's glowing sign(Sennukha Light-Beacon) is installed on the island of Great Sennukha.

Bank of Waterloo(Banka Vaterloo) with its shallowest depth of 3 m lies 2 miles SSE from the islet of Big Sennuha. It is located on the alignment line of the Malaya Sennukha island with the Solovetsky lighthouse. The bank is surrounded by great depths.

Bank East Sennukha(Banka Vostochnaya Sennukha), with its shallowest depth of 4.4 m, lies 3.5 miles NE from Big Sennukha Island. From this bank, for about 10 miles in the NW direction to the Topa Islands, there is an almost continuous chain of banks with depths of 3.6-9.4 m.

Bank Western Sennuha(Banka Zapadnaya Sennukha) with a depth of 1.6 m is located 1.9 miles north of the island of Big Sennukha.

Jar with a shallow depth of 7.4 m lies 2.3 miles to the W of the islet of Bolshaya Sennukha.

Warbarlud Islands(Ostrova Varbarludy) is located 8.7 miles to the NNE from Cape Vygnavolok. The northern of the Warbarlud Islands is called Ostrov Kentovyy.

Within 1.5 miles NE of Kent Island are scattered banks with depths of 1.2-8.8 m.

The bank with the shallowest depth of 5.4 m lies 3.7 miles E of Kentovy Island. The soil on the bank is a small stone.

Rovnyazhiy Island (Ostrov Rovnyazhiy) (64 ° 48 "N, 35 ° 15" E) is granite, covered with peat, and has rather steep, steep banks.

Luminous Sign Smooth(Rovnyazhiy Light-Beacon) is installed on the Rovnyazhiy island.

Bank Rovnyazhya(Banka Rovnyazh "ya) with the shallowest depth of 3.6 m is located 3.4 miles SE from Rovnyazhiy Island. The bank is surrounded by depths of 12-18 m.

Sennukha Islet(Ostrovok Sennukha) granite, covered with peat, lies 2.1 kbt to the N of Rovnyazhiy Island. The shores of Sennukha Island are submerged.

Bank Revyazhya(Banka Revyazh "ya) with a distinctive depth of 3.6 m lies 1 kb W of Sennukha Island.

Jar with the shallowest depth of 4.8 m, it is located 8 kbt to NNE from Sennukha Island.

Islet Nameless Luda(Ostrovok Bezymyannaya Luda), a peat-covered granite, lies 2.3 miles to the W of Rovnyazhiy Island. The shores of the islet are bordered by drainage.

Nohkaluda islands(Ostrova Nokhkaludy) - two islands: Big Nokhkaluda and Malaya Nokhkaluda and two low granite islets devoid of vegetation - are located 9 kbt to NW from the Isle of Nameless Luda.

Big Nohkaluda Island(Ostrov Bol "shaya Nokhkaluda) 53.5 m high - the eastern and largest of the islands of Nokhkaluda. It is rocky, covered with peat and has steep shores. On the island there are two hills, which are separated by a shallow saddle, noticeable from the N and S. above the eastern coast of Bolshaya Nokhkaluda Island is submerged, depths of 10 m in places close to the shores of the island.

Little Nohkaluda Island(Ostrov Malaya Nokhkaluda) lies 2.5 kbt NW from the island of Big Nokhkaluda.

Shuyeretskaya Guba juts out into the Pomorsky coast of the bay between Cape Buynavolok (64 ° 45 "N, 35 ° 01" E) and Cape Poltamkorga (Mys Poltamkorga) located 5.5 miles to NNW from it. From the south, the lip is bounded by the island of Shuyostrov.

On the southeastern coast of the bay there are hills with gentle slopes covered with mixed forest. In some places, mountains approach the coastline from the north-western side of the bay.

At the top of the bay flows the shallow and full water for boats and small vessels with knowledge of the local conditions of navigation, the Shuya River (Reka Shuya); on the banks of the river, 2 miles above its mouth, there is a large village of Shuyeretskoye.

In the bay and in front of its entrance there are many islands, surface and underwater stones and other dangers that form the southern part of the Kemsky skerries.

The banks of the lip are bordered by drainage. From the southeastern coast of the bay, the drainage protrudes about 3.5 miles to the N, filling almost entirely the outer and middle parts of the bay; a large number of islands are scattered on the dry land.

The narrow Proliv Shuyskaya Salma Strait runs between the northwestern coast of the bay and the drainage protruding from its southeastern coast. Its width between drying edges is 2-5 kbt. From the eastern entrance (64 ° 49.6 "N, 34 ° 58.4" E), the Shuiskaya Salma Strait leads SW along the northwestern coast of the bay to the Shuya river bar. In front of the river bar, the Proliv Sorokskaya Salma branch off from the Shuiskaya Salma strait to the south.

Depths in the lip are less than 10 m.

Ravluda Island(Ostrov Ravluda) is located 2 miles to ESE from Cape Poltamkorg. There are many dangers between this cape and the island of Ravluda. 4 kbt to W from Ravluda Island there are granite islands of Ostrova Stvornyye Ludki, devoid of vegetation.

Berth 30 m long is located at Cape Pannavolok (Mys Pannavolok) (64 ° 48.9 "N, 34 ° 56.6" E). The depth along the berth is 0.3 m. In full water in calm weather, boats with a draft of up to 1.5 m can approach the berth.

Swimming instruction from Sorokskaya Bay to Shueretskaya Bay. Following the Belomorsky alignment, when the Osinka luminous sign arrives at a bearing of 168 °, lie on a 2 ° course, laying it 3 miles to E from the largest of the Varbarlud Islands and 4 kbt to W from Rovnyazhy Island.

On a 2 ° course, depths should be measured, especially when passing a bank (64 ° 45 "N, 35 ° 15" E) with a depth of 5.4 m and a bank located 1.5 miles N of it with a depth of 6.6 m When the Rovnyazhiy sign comes to a bearing of 39 °, you should lie on the 270 ° course and go to Shueretskaya Bay, the entrance to which requires special care and knowledge of the local sailing conditions.

Beloguzikha Island(Ostrov Beloguzikha) (64 ° 51.6 "N, 35 ° 05.4" E) 35.2 m high rocky has two peaks separated by a saddle. The flat surface of the island is covered with low-growing forest and bushes; the coast of the island is steep, submerged; depths of about 10 m in places come close to its shores. From the southern tip of the island by 1.5 kbt to WSW there is a sandbank on which the islet lies.

Island Bolshoy Ryvyazhy(Ostrov Bol "shoy Revyazhiy), covered with meadow vegetation and forest, is located on a drying sandbank 2 miles to NNW from Cape Poltamkorg. Between Cape Poltamkorg and Bolshoy Revyazhiy Island on a drying sandbank there are several more forest-covered islets and many surface and underwater stones.

Saddle Islands(Ostrova Sedel "nyye) - a group of two islands, near which there are several rocky islets devoid of vegetation, and drying stones, - located 1.6 miles to the N of Beloguzikha Island.

The northern one, the largest of the Sedelnye Islands, is 44.4 m high and has a rocky surface with three separate hills. The valleys of the island and the saddle between the hills are overgrown with woods and bushes. The shores of the island are rocky and stony. It is higher than the southern island, devoid of vegetation and covered with peat.

The Saddle Islands are bordered by shallow waters; the strait between them is not navigable.

Strong tidal currents are observed in the strait between the Sedelny Islands.

Eiders nest on the Sedelnye Islands.

The island of Tupichikha (Ostrov Tupichikha) is 45.6 m high and lies 1 mile to E from the Sedelny islands. This small rocky island is covered with peat and tundra vegetation. Deciduous shrub grows on its southern shore. The shores of the island are deep. Depths of 10 m in places are close to the northern and southern shores. A rocky island devoid of vegetation lies 1 kbt to the W from Tupichikha Island.

Domnina Islands (Ostrova Domniny) are located 6 kbt to NW from Tupichikha Island. These granite islands are covered with peat; their banks are steep and deep. At 6 kbt N from the western of the Domnina Islands, there is a sandbank with a depth of less than 15 m, on which there are rocky banks with a depth of 1.8-7.4 m and stony drainage.

Strong tidal currents are observed between the Domnina Islands. Swimming in the area of ​​the islands is dangerous because of the drying stones located 1 kbt to the south of them.

Jar with a depth of 1.6 m, it is located 1 kbt SW from the middle of the east of the Domnina Islands.

Chicken Nilaxa Island(Ostrov Kurich "ya Nilaksa) with a height of 48.8 m lies 8.4 kbt to the N of Tupichikha Island. The shores of Kurichya Nilaksa, devoid of vegetation, are steep and deep.

Island is located 5 kbt SE from the island of Kurichya Nilaxa. A bank with a depth of 1.2 m lies 0.5 kbt to the NE from the island.

Island low rocky, devoid of vegetation, lies 2.8 kbt NW of Kurichya Nilaxa Island. In a strong wind, waves roll over the island.

Lodeyny Island (Ostrov Lodeynyy), 65.4 m high, is rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, located 8 kbt to E from Kurichya Nilax Island. The shores of Lodeyny Island canopy and submergence. The southwestern slopes of the island are stepped and rocky. On the eastern side of the island, in its middle part, there is a hollow overgrown with coniferous forest, the western slopes of the hollow are covered with deciduous bushes.

There is a bay on the south side of the island, protected from the northerly winds.

Island Russian Body(Ostrov Russkiy Kuzov) (64 ° 56 "N, 35 ° 08" E) 123.2 m high hilly is one of the highest islands of the Kemsky skerries. The slopes of the northern hill are flat, rounded and covered with mixed forest on all sides; towards the top the forest is thinning, and the top itself is almost completely devoid of vegetation. The rest of the hills, located in the southern part of the island, are devoid of vegetation and are separated from the above-mentioned hill by a low-lying wooded and swampy valley, stretching in the direction of 70 ° -250 °.

The shores of the island are low and only at the northern end and in the area of ​​the southern hills do they descend quite steeply to the sea.

Drainage off the coast of the island has a width of no more than 1 kbt. The depths in the passages between the island of Russkiy Kuzov and the islands of Kurichya Nilaksa and Lodeyny are 5-11.6 m. The passage between the islands of Kurichya Nilaksa and Russkiy Kuzov is available for vessels with a draft of 3-4 m; strong tidal currents are observed in this passage.

Bay(64 ° 55 "N, 35 ° 09" E) juts out into the southern coast of Russkiy Kuzov Island. The bay serves as a shelter for small ships from the northerly, northwestern and northeasterly winds. The shores of the bay are gentle, bordered by a wide sandy-rocky drainage area. The depths at the entrance to the bay are 3-5 m.

Setnoy, Upper, Middle and Residential Islands(Ostrova Setnoy, Verkhniy, Sredniy, Zhiloy) are located, respectively, at 5.3 kbt, 1.2 miles, 1.6 miles and 2.4 miles to E from Russky Kuzov Island. These islands are rocky, their shores are deep. The islands are covered with tundra vegetation and peat. B 0.7; 1.2 and 4.5 kbt to the N of Zhiloy Island there are, respectively, surface, underwater stones and a rocky islet.

German Body Island(Ostrov Nemetskiy Kuzov) 118.2 m high, built of granite, lies 2 kbt NE from the northern part of the eastern coast of Russkiy Kuzov Island. On the island of Nemetsky Kuzov, two hills without vegetation rise. The eastern hill is much higher than the western one; its southern slope is steep, almost sheer. On the southern side of the island, a forest grows in valleys. The northern slope of the island is gentle and devoid of vegetation.

From the east and west, the island looks like a huge blue rock, which gradually rises to the south and, reaching its highest height, drops off almost vertically. From about 15-20 miles north, the island also looks like a huge bluish rock with a flat surface and edges that drop off almost vertically to the west and east, with the western edge more gentle than the eastern.

The northern and western shores of Nemetsky Kuzov Island are deep. In the passage between the islands German Kuzov and Russian Kuzov, depth of 7-31 m; soil - stone. The southern part of the passage is barred by banks with a depth of 1.2-3.6 m, bordered by a 5 m isobath. This passage is usually not used.

The rocky peat-covered island of Chernetskiy (Ostrov Chernetskiy) lies 1 kbt to the N of the northeastern tip of the Nemetsky Kuzov Island, and 0.6 kbt to the N of it lies a surface rock.

Raven Islands(Ostrova Voron "i) - three hilly islands covered with tundra vegetation - lie 0.5 kbt to E from the eastern coast of Nemetsky Kuzov Island. The southeastern slopes of the islands are steep, at the foot of the cliffs on narrow terraces there are placers of stones. two of the larger islands are overgrown with mixed forest.

The strait between the Voronyi Islands and the Nemetsky Kuzov Island is available for boats with shallow draft.

The tidal currents in the southern part of the Voronyi Islands and in the drying straits between them are very strong.

Anchor places for vessels with draft up to 1.5 m there are:

4 kbt S from the southeastern tip of Nemetsky Kuzov Island. It is protected from all but south winds. The depth here is 6.2 m; soil - sand and silt;

4 kbt SE from the southeastern tip of Nemetsky Kuzov Island. It is boat accessible and protected from all winds except south and southeast. The depths here are 3-8 m; soil - silt and stone.

Oleshin Island (Ostrov Oleshin) with a height of 31m, lying 1 mile to ENE from the 30th northeastern tip of Nemetsky Kuzov Island, is the most seaward of the Kemsky skerries islands. This rocky, with three hills covered with tundra vegetation, and with gentle slopes towards the saddles, the island has steep shores. Shrubbery grows on the slopes of the hollows.

The northeastern and southwestern coasts of Oleshin Island are submerged. Ostrov Severnaya Tupichikha Island lies 2.2 kbt to W from the northern tip of Oleshin Island.

There are drying stones 3 kb to E from Oleshin Island. In the passage between the island and these stones, the soil is sand and silt. Eiders nest on the island.

The Darina Islands (Ostrova Dar "iny) lie 1.5 miles to the W of the northwestern tip of Russky Kuzov Island. The eastern of the two is higher than the western. The sandy surface of the islands is rocky, covered with tundra vegetation and bushes.

The shores of the islands are deep. The depths of about 10 m come close to the western coast of the eastern of the islands.

South Kolovar and North Kolovar islands(Ostrova Yuzhnyy Ko-lovar, Severnyy Kolovar) lie respectively 7 kbt to WNW and 9.2 kbt to NW from the western of the Darjina Islands.

South Kolovar Island is hilly, 68.5 m high, and consists of two elevated, forested parts, connected by a narrow, low isthmus. The northern slopes of the hills are gentle and end in a sandy lowland near the water, the southern ones are steep, the eastern ones are steep. The valleys and hillsides are overgrown with coniferous forest. The tops of the hills are covered with tundra vegetation.

The North Kolovar island, 58.7 m high, is almost closely adjacent to the South Kolovar island from the north and is separated from it only by a narrow drying strait. The slopes of the hills in the northern part are gentle, in the southern they are steep; there are ravines in the western and eastern parts. A coniferous forest grows on the slopes and in the hollows. The tops of the hills are covered with tundra vegetation. This rocky island is covered with sand and peat in places; the southern part of the island is overgrown with forest. The coast of the island slopes gently down to the water. Across the island in the direction NE - SW, there is a deep low slope covered with low-growing forest.

A cove (64 ° 58 "N, 35 ° 00" E) juts out into the northwestern coast of Severny Kolovar Island, accessible to small boats.

Ostrov Ol "khovyy Island is located 1 kbt to NW from the North Kolovar Island, the low shores of which are overgrown with forest and bushes. 1.8 kbt to NE from the northeastern tip of the South Kolovar Island is the Ostrov Akul" ya ). The granite island of Akulya has sloping shores; the slopes of the island are covered with tundra vegetation.

To the west and southwest of the islands of North Kolovar and South Kolovar lie islands that stretch in a chain to the coast of the mainland.

The shores of the Olkhovy, Northern Kolovar and Akulya islands are deep in the north and east. The western shores of the South Kolovar and North Kolovar islands are shallow; the bottom to the west of these islands is uneven.

Hound Luda Island(Ostrov Pes "ya Luda) (64 ° 58" N, 35 ° 05 "E) is covered with tundra vegetation. The shores of the island are sloping, bordered by a narrow strip of dry land and depressions; especially the north-western coast is deeper.

Luda-Vodokhlebikha Island(Ostrovok Luda-Vodokhlebikha), 4.5 kbt to the W from the Pesya Luda Island, is rocky and covered with tundra vegetation. The islet is deep.

Islet Luda-Saltykovka(Ostrovok Luda-Saltykovka) - a low granite rock, bordered by drainage, - located 1.6 miles to ENE from the island of Pesya Luda. The islet is deep; it can be safely walked at a distance of 3 kbt.

Plosky Island (Ostrov Ploskyy) is rocky, covered with tundra vegetation and shrubs, lies 7.5 kbt to NW from Pesya Luda Island. The southern coast of Plosky Island is steep, the rest are gentle. The shores of the island are rather deep.

2 kbt to E from Plosky Island lies a small rocky island, covered with tundra vegetation, Ostrov Khudyye Ludy, whose shores are submerged, and 1 kbt to NNE from the island of Khudy Ludy there is a rocky islet of Malyy Setnoy (Ostrovok Malyy Setnoy).

Drying stones lie 0.2-0.5 kbt to the W from the island of Maly Setnoy. There are several surface stones and islets between Maly Setnaya and Plosky islands.

Jar with a depth of 3.6 m lies 1.9 kbt to ESE from the island of Maly Setnaya.

Taparukha Island (Ostrov Taparukha), 45.7 m high, is rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, located 3.2 kbt to the N of Plosky Island. The northern and western coasts of Taparukha Island are deep. The southern part of the eastern coast of the island was shallow. From the middle of the eastern coast of the island, a drying sandbank protrudes by 0.3 kbt. There is a fin on the shores of the island. A stony drainage lies 1 kbt to E from the middle of the eastern coast of Taparukha Island.

Islet Vorotnya(Ostrovok Vorotnya), covered with tundra vegetation, with rocky shores, lies 0.5 kbt SE of the southeastern tip of Taparukha Island.

Jar with a distinctive depth of 4.2 m, it is located 1.6 kb SW of the southwestern tip of Taparukha Island.

Izbyanoy Island (Ostrov Izbyanoy) lies 3.6 kbt E from the southeastern tip of Taparukha Island. The southern and southwestern shores of the flat, rocky island of Izbyany, covered with tundra vegetation, are steep and deep; from the northern and eastern coasts of the island there is a vast stony drainage area. There is a fin on the shores of the island. Eiders nest here.

Podvostochny Island(Ostrov Podvostochnyy), covered with tundra vegetation, lies directly to E from Izbyany Island and is connected to it by drainage. Drainage also protrudes towards NW and N from Podvostochny Island. The southeastern end of the island is bordered by drainage up to 1.5 kbt wide with a ridge of overwater stones. The northeastern coast of the island is relatively deep. The southern tip of the island is also submerged, which is approached by a narrow deep-water trench.

The island of Korozhny (Ostrov Korozhnyy), covered with tundra vegetation, lies 1.5 kbt to the N of Izbyany Island and is connected to the islands of Izbyany and Podvostochny by sandy-stony drainage. In the western part of Korozhniy Island there is a hill, the eastern slope of which is steep and rocky; the eastern part of the island is low-lying and swampy. The shores of the island are rocky and, with the exception of the western one, are shallow. They have a fin.

At the eastern end of the island there are three low rocky islets.

Kemskaya Guba, shallow and almost completely drying up, juts out into the Pomorsky coast of the bay between Cape Pukhnavolok (Mys Pukhnavolok) (64 ° 57 "N, 34 ° 46" E) and a cape located 1.2 miles to NNW from it Tashkatur (Mys Tashkatur).

The bay is accessible in full water for vessels with a draft of up to 2.7 m. You can enter the bay via the Proliv Kemskaya Salma Strait (64 ° 59 "N, 34 ° 48" E). To enter the bay you need to know the local swimming conditions.

The banks of the bay are mostly low-lying; only on the northern coast there are several hills. The southern coast of the bay is partially rocky, in places covered with meadow vegetation and bushes, while the northern coast is mostly rocky. The southern coast of the lip is covered with mixed forest.

The shores of the lip are cut with small, almost drying up lips and bays. At the entrance to the bay and in the bay itself, there are many islands, islets, pitfalls, drains and cans.

The depth in the bay is less than 5 m. The banks of the bay are bordered by drainage; drying soil silt, liquid silt and stone. Grass grows on the drainage area and in the lip almost to its middle. The width of the strip of thickets of grass reaches 5-6 kbt.

The Kem River flows into the top of the bay, to which a narrow winding fairway up to 1 kbt wide leads; the depth on it is 1.4-7 m; the fairway starts at 8.5 kbt to NNE from Cape Pukhnavolok.

Ice regime. The lip freezes around mid-November and opens up in late April or early May.

Aids to navigation equipment. The fairway leading to the top of the Kemskaya Bay is equipped with alignment marks, which are rearranged depending on the change in the position of the fairway.

Berth equipped at Cape Shatnavolok (Mys Shatnavolok) (64 ° 57 "N, 34 ° 41" E), protruding from the southern coast of the bay. In full water, ships with a draft of up to 2 m can approach the berth.

River Kem(Reka Kem ") flows into the top of the Kem Bay in two branches. The river is rapids, inaccessible for swimming. The river is rafted. On the left bank, 1.3 miles above the river mouth, there is the city of Kem (Kem").

Port of Kem

Port Kem "(65 ° 00" N, 34 ° 49 "E) is equipped in the Kemskaya Salma Strait, separating the islands of Popov and Yakostrov, lying on the northern side of the entrance to the Kemskaya Bay. The territory of the port and its berths are located in the southern part the eastern coast of Popov Island; ships with a draft of up to 6.4 m can approach the berth of the sawmill.There are buckets between the berths, which are entered by tugboats and lighters. The pilots hired by the shipping company carry out the pilotage of the ships of the Northern Shipping Company, which take out the timber mill's products.

The Kemskaya Salma strait is deep-water and is accessible for ships with a draft of up to 5 m. In the middle part of the strait there is a trench with a depth of 10-12 m; soil - silt and sand.

You can enter the port of Kem along the Korabelny fairway, as well as along the Kuzovsky fairway leading from the SE between the islands of the middle part of the Kemsky skerries from Tupichikha Island to the Palluda islands (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 56" E), where it connects with the Korabelny fairway ... Knowledge of local conditions is required to navigate the Kuzovsky fairway.

In addition, you can enter the port along the Karelian fairway leading from the north from the Studentsy Islands (65 ° 05 "N, 34 ° 50" E) along the coast to the northern tip of Popov Island and further along the eastern coast of this island.

The fairway is winding, passes through many hazards and is accessible to vessels with a draft of up to 4.7 m. To navigate the Karelian fairway requires knowledge of local conditions. The fairway is used in exceptional cases when the ship's fairway is clogged with ice. The description of the Karelian fairway is not provided in the pilot.

The winds. In the described area, northeastern winds are observed in March - June, southern, western and northwestern winds are observed in August - January and partially in February.

Tidal currents. The tidal current enters the Kemskaya Salma Strait from N and NE at a speed of about 2 knots. Otlichus, the current has a reverse direction and a slightly higher speed.

Aids to navigation equipment. Navigation along the Korabelnaya fairway, as well as along the Kemskaya Salma Strait and in the port of Kem is provided with alignments of luminous and non-luminous signs; some hazards are shielded by light buoys and milestones.

Message. The port of Kem is connected to the country's railway network.

Ship fairway(Korabel "nyy Fairway) starts 3.5 kbt SE from South Rhombak Island and enters SSW. At 7 kbt NNE from Taparukha Island the fairway changes direction to WSW, then goes to NW, skirting the Palluda Islands from the north, and then stretches in two knees in a general direction to W. to the northern entrance to the Kemskaya Salma Strait.

Stamik Taparushny(Stamik Taparushnyy), vast and rocky, with a distinctive depth of 1.4 m is located 3.2 miles to ENE from the northern tip of Taparukha Island. Stamik is a seaward hazard approaching the Ship Fairway from the east.

From the north and east, the stamik is surrounded by great depths. It is necessary to pass in the area of ​​the stamik with extreme caution. Within 1.5 miles to W and 5 kbt to S from the Taparushny stamik there are several banks with a depth of 1.8-5 m.

Stamik Big Rombak(Stamik Bol "shoy Rombakskiy), vast and rocky, with a shallow depth of 2.4 m is located 2.2 miles to the NNE from the northern tip of Taparukha Island. The Stamik is a group of banks with depths of 2.4-5 m. The Stamik is surrounded by large depths.

Stamik the Second Rombak(Stamik Vtoroy Rombakskiy) with a shallow depth of 8.2 m lies 3 miles to NNE from the northern tip of Taparukha Island on the approach to the Korabelniy fairway from the northeast.

South Rhomback and North Rhombak Islands are located on the northern side of the Korabelny fairway 2.5 miles to the N of Taparukha Island.

South Rhombuck Island(Ostrov Yuzhnyy Rombak) rocky, covered with a layer of peat and tundra vegetation. At 0.8 kbt N of the southern tip of the island there is a hill, the western and southern slopes of which are steep; another hill is located 2.2 kbt to NNW from the same tip of the island, its slopes are gentle. The coast of the island is steep, the southern coast is deep. The shores of the island are bordered by rocky drainage up to 50 m wide.

North Rhombak Island(Ostrov Severnyy Rombak) elevated, with three hills, rocky, covered with peat; its shores are deep and bordered by rocky drainage up to 0.3 kbt wide. In the passage separating South Rhombak and North Rhombak islands, depths of 10-20 m; soil - stone, hard sand and silt. At the northern entrance to the passage lies a bank with a distinctive depth of 2 m, and many dangers are scattered along the shores of both islands on shallows with depths of less than 5 m. From the northwestern tip of North Rhombak Island, the hazards extend up to 4 kb to NW, and from the northern coast of South Rhombak Island - 2.5 kb to N.

Rombak lighthouse(Rombakskyy Lighthouse) is established on the cliff of the southern, most elevated part of the South Rhombak Island. The beacon has a sound signaling installation.

Small Rhombak Island(Ostrov Malyy Rombak) rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, lies 3 kbt to S from South Rombak Island. Small Rhombak Island is smaller and lower than South Rhombak Island. Maly Rombak Island has gentle shores. The shores of the island are bordered by shallows with a depth of less than 5 m, where there are dangers. There is a fin on the coast of the island.

Pälluda islands(Ostrova Pyalludy) - Several rocky islands covered with peat and tundra vegetation - lie 2.2 miles SW of Maly Rombak Island. The shores of the islands, rocky and stony, are bordered by rocky-stony drylands. The surface of the islands is flat; their banks are gentle.

The ship's fairway runs to the north of the Pyalluda Island (Ostrov Pyal-luda) - the northeastern of the Pälluda Islands. The northern coast of this island facing the fairway is deep.

The islet of Luda-Voroptya(Ostrovok Luda-Vorotnya) (64 ° 59 "N, 34 ° 52" E) low, stony, covered with tundra vegetation. At 8 kbt to the S and SW from this islet stretches a chain of numerous low and rocky islets, some of which are connected by rocky and stony drylands. The passages between the islets are shallow, with a large number of surface and drying stones.

The island of Yakostrov (Ostrov Yakostrov) (64 ° 59 "N, 34 ° 50" E) borders the Kemskaya Salma Strait from the east. This rocky, elevated island is wooded and has gentle shores. The western coast of the island is rather deep; a sandbank with depths of less than 5 m near this coast is about 1 kbt wide. The eastern and southern coasts of the island are shallow and bordered by numerous islets; from the southern coast, the dry land protrudes up to 1 mile to S.

Island Popov (Ostrov Popov) (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 48" E) rocky borders the Kemskaya Salma Strait from the west. The island is separated from the mainland coast by a narrow shallow, drying up in the southern part of the Strait of Popova Salma (Proliv Popova Salma).

In the drying part of the strait, there is a dam connecting the island with the mainland coast. Vessels with a draft of up to 1 m can enter full water in this strait.

The surface of the island is relatively flat, with individual hills, between which there are swampy depressions covered with mixed forest. The forest almost everywhere comes close to the coastline.

The shores of the island, especially the eastern one, are indented by many drying up coves. Its eastern coast is relatively deep; a sandbank with a depth of less than 5 m near this coast has a width of up to 1 kbt.

Bank Rabocheostrovskaya(Banka Rabocheostrovskaya) with the shallowest depth of 3 m is located along the eastern coast of Popov Island, 7 kbt to the NNE from its southern tip.

Berth No. 2 is located on the eastern coast of the southern part of Popov Island. The berth is available for vessels with a draft of up to 6.4 m. The berth length is 240 m; the depth along it is 6-7 m. Lumber is loaded at the berth.

The village of Rabocheostrovsk(Rabocheostrovsk) is located in the southern part of Popov Island. There is a sawmill in the village. The village is connected to the country's railway network.

Anchor places. You can anchor along the entire length of the Kemskaya Salma Strait, but the best anchorage is the roadstead in the southern part of the strait to the S and SSE from the milestone (64 ° 59.2 "N, 34 ° 47.8" E). The depths here are 5-11 m; soil - silt. This anchorage is protected from all winds, except for the winds from NE and S, which, although they blow with great force, do not form significant waves here.

Swimming instructions. Below are the instructions for sailing from the port of Belomorsk to the South Rhombak Island and the instructions for sailing along the Korabelniy and Kuzovsky fairways.

Guidance for sailing from Belomorsk port to South Rombak island. From the port of Belomorsk to the Yuzhny Rombak island, you can go to the west or east of the Rovnyazhiy island (64 ° 48 "N, 35 ° 15" E). First, you need to go along the Belomorsky alignment until the Osinka luminous sign comes to a bearing of 168 °, then you need to go on a 2 ° course, laying it 4 kbt to W from Rovnyazhiy Island. On the parallel of Sennukha Island, you should lie on a course of 348 ° with the expectation of walking 1.3 miles to E from Tupichikha Island, Having come this course to the range of the northern ends of the Domnina Islands, you need to lie on this line with a course of 287 ° and then follow the instructions for sailing along Kuzovsky fairway.

If you need to go to the port of Kem along the Korabelnaya fairway, then, having reached the 2 ° course to the parallel of Sennukha Island, you should lie on the 13 ° course. Having come to the parallel of the middle of Oleshin Island (64 ° 58 "N, 35 ° 13" E), when the Topy lighthouse comes to a bearing of 68 °, lie on the 335 ° course and follow it until the ship enters the white sector 51.5 ° -98 ° of the Rombak lighthouse fire. Having come to the parallel of this lighthouse, you should lie on the course of 291 °, having the Topa lighthouse aft. Heading 291 ° to go to alignment of luminous signs Malorombaksky(Malorom-bakskiy Leading Lights) (65 ° 01.2 "N, 35 ° 01.9" E) (alignment direction 63.8 ° -243.8 °) and then follow the instructions for sailing along the Ship Fairway.

Vessels with a deep draft must pass east of Rovnyazhiy Island. First, you need to go along the Belomorsky alignment until the Osinka luminous sign comes to a bearing of 168 °, then you need to lie on a course of 23 ° with the expectation to go in the middle between the bank (64 ° 42 "N, 35 ° 23" E) with the smallest depth 6.2 m and Rovnyazhya bank. When the Rovnyazhiy luminous sign comes to the left traverse, you should lie on a course of 347 ° and follow this course until the Topy beacon comes to a bearing of 68 °. Next, you need to approach the Ship Fairway in accordance with the above instructions.

When approaching South Rhombak and Maly Rhombak islands, it should be borne in mind that tidal currents in this area have a significant speed and carry ships south or north, respectively.

Manual for navigation on the Ship fairway. Coming to the Malorombaksky target, you have to lie down on it and go leaving to the S milestone (65 ° 01.5 "N, 35 ° 04.0" E), enclosing the Bolshoi Rombaksky stamik from N. target of luminous signs Taparukh north(Taparakha N Leading Lights) (64 ° 59.4 "N, 35 ° 01.8" E) (alignment direction 11.4 ° -191.4 °), turn left, lie on this alignment and follow to point 65 ° 00.2 "N, 35 ° 02.2" E. Then you need to turn to the right, leaving to SSE a luminous buoy (65 ° 00.0 "N, 35 ° 02.5" E), enclosing a can with a distinctive depth 2 m, lie on a course of 252 ° and follow until alignment of luminous signs Taparukha western(Taparakha W Leading Lights) (64 ° 59.4 "N, 35 ° 01.7" E) (alignment direction 302.7 ° -122.7 °), leaving a luminous buoy to S (64 ° 59.8 "N , 34 ° 59.9 "E). Follow the Western Taparukha alignment until alignment of luminous signs Pälludski turning(Pyalludskiy Turning Leading Lights) (65 ° 00.2 "N, 34 ° 57.0" E) (direction 10.6 ° -190.6 °), then lie down on course 227 ° and walk to alignment of luminous signs Pyalludsky No. 2 western(Pyalludskiy # 2 W Leading Lights) (65 ° 00.2 "N, 34 ° 57.0" E) (alignment direction 261.2 ° -81.2 °); to the south of the turning point, a luminous buoy (65 ° 00.5 "N, 34 ° 57.1" E) is set up, enclosing a bank with a distinctive depth of 6.6 m.

Coming to the western gate Pyalludsky No. 2, you need to lie on this gate and go leaving to the N bank (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 54" E) with a distinctive depth of 4.8 m and a bank with a depth of 3 m, and to the S - fencing with NNE Bank Governor's(Banka Gubernatorskaya) with a distinctive depth of 0.8 m, a luminous buoy (65 ° 00.0 "N, 34 ° 54.3" E), a bank (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 54" E) with a distinctive depth of 1, 2 m and a jar with a distinctive depth of 1.6 m.

Out on range of luminous signs Rabocheostrovsky number 1(Rabocheostrovskiy No. 1 Leading Lights) (65 ° 00.1 "N, 34 ° 48.7" E) (alignment direction 106.6 ° -286.6 °), you should lie on this alignment. The place of turning from the alignment Pyalludsky No. 2 western to the Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 alignment points turnable gate of Luda-Vorotnya signs(Luda-Vorotnya Turning Leading Beacons) (64 ° 59.4 "N, 34 ° 51.9" E) (alignment direction 336.9 ° -156.9 °); to the south of the pivot point, a luminous buoy (64 ° 59.8 "N, 34 ° 51.5" E) is erected, enclosing a bank with a depth of 2.4 m from NW.

Along the Rabocheostrovsky section No. 1, one should go to the northern entrance to the Kemskaya Salma Strait, leaving to the north a bank (65 ° 00 "N, 34 ° 51" E) with a depth of 3 m. Not reaching 2 kbt to the front sign of this section, i.e. . as soon as the luminous buoy (65 ° 00.0 "N, 34 ° 49.2" E), enclosing the N bank with a depth of 2.2 m, is passed, you should turn sharply to the left, lie on the course 210 ° and go in the middle of the strait Kemskaya Salma at an equal distance from its shores, leaving a bank with a depth of 2.2 m to the E and Rabocheostrovskaya bank to the W. When the pipes (64 ° 59.1 "N, 44 ° 47.4" E), rising in the village of Rabocheostrovsk, are on the right abeam, you should anchor to S from the milestone (64 ° 59.2 "N, 34 ° 47 , 8 "E).

Vessels with a draft of up to 4.7 m can go along the alignment Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 to alignment of luminous signs Monastyrsky(Monastyrskiy Leading Lights) (64 ° 59.7 "N, 34 ° 48.0" E) (alignment direction 77.3 ° -257.3 °) and further along this alignment. Before reaching 3.5 kbt to the front mark of this alignment, that is, when the Kemskaya Salma Strait opens, you should lie on the course of 210 ° and go in the middle of the strait.

To approach berth No. 2, you need to go 210 ° in the middle of the Kemskaya Salma Strait to alignment of luminous signs Kemsky-Pristansky(Kemskiy-Pristanskiy Leading Lights) (64 ° 59.4 "N, 34 ° 47.7" E) (alignment direction 70.1 ° -250.1 °) and follow this alignment to berth No. 2.

At night, when sailing along the Korabelnaya fairway, you need to be careful, especially when passing the Palluda Islands, as well as when following the Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 alignment. Particular care must be taken when making a sharp turn from the Rabocheostrovsky No. 1 alignment to the Kemskaya Salma Strait. Therefore, at night it is preferable to walk along the Monastyrsky alignment, since in this case there will be no sharp turns.

The entrance to the port of Kem at night is hampered by the large number of lights that open up when approaching the South Rhombak Island. Usually, in addition to the light of the Rombaksky lighthouse, the lights of the Malorombaksky alignment and the lights on the Popov island are visible.

Manual for sailing on the Kuzovsky fairway. Arriving at a point located 1.3 miles to E from the island of Tupichikha (64 ° 54 "N, 35 ° 07" E), you should follow the course of 287 ° to the target of the northern ends of the Domnina Islands.

When the western tip of Tupichikha Island comes to the left traverse and at the same time the island, which lies 6 kbt to NNE from Tupichikha Island, joins the northwestern tip of Lodeyny Island and the southern tip of Setnoi Island, you should immediately turn right and lie on course 314 °, with the southwestern extremities of the Darjina Islands slightly to the right along the course. This course leads between the southwestern tip of Kurichya Nilaxa Island and the rock on the left (64 ° 55.0 "N, 35 ° 05.1" E) with a depth of 7.4 m.

Having reached the 314 ° course to the alignment of the western end of the western of the Domnina Islands with the eastern end of the island, located 1.2 kbt to E from the eastern end of the northern of the Sedelny Islands, you should lie on the 352 ° course in the direction of the southwestern tip of Pesya Luda Island. At the parallel of the southern tip of the eastern one of the Darjina islands, one should turn left and lie on a course of 324 °, leading in the middle of the passage between the Northern Kolovar and Olkhovy islands in the southwest and the Plosky and Taparukha islands in the northeast. The shores of these islands can be safely approached at a distance of up to 1 kbt; the only danger in the specified passage is the bank (64 ° 58.7 "N, 35 ° 01.1" E) with a distinctive depth of 4.2 m. Having approached the course of 324 ° to the Pälluda island, you need to go to the West Taparukh target and then follow the guidance the above instructions for sailing in the Ship Fairway.

From the port of Kem to Cape Marknavolok the forested Karelian coast of the Gulf extends 9 miles to the NNW. The southern part of the described coast is low, and the northern part is elevated, and in some places the rocky coast here abruptly breaks off to the sea.

Opposite the southern part of the described coast lie the islands of the northern edge of the Kemsky skerries, the most seaward of which is Ryavoluda Island (65 ° 04 "N, 35 ° 02" E), located at a distance of about 6 miles from the coast. The area between the islands is shallow and abounds in islets, surface and underwater rocks and banks. Most of the islets are made of granite and covered with a layer of peat. The bottom in the region of the northern edge of the Kemsky skerries is uneven. Navigation is difficult here, so this area is not visited even by vessels with shallow draft. More seaward than this area lies the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait.

Several islands and many islets also lie opposite the northern part of the described coast, but their edge is far from the coast at a much shorter distance than the edge of the Kemsky skerries. The coast is deeper here; depths of about 20 m in places approach it at a distance of up to 2 miles, but crossing the 20 m isobath when approaching the coast is dangerous, since the depths closer to the coast decrease sharply.

Terroikha Island (Ostrov Terroikha), 22.5 m high, granite covered with tundra vegetation, lies 9 kbt to NW from South Rhombak Island. The northeastern coast of Terroikha Island is deep. The island is bordered by rocky and stony drainage up to 0.3 kbt wide; there is a fin on the island.

4.1 kbt NW of the western coast of the island lies a low, rocky and tundra-covered islet. The island has a fin.

Ryavoluda Island (Ostrov Ryavoluda) is 18.4 m high, rocky, covered with tundra vegetation, located 1.5 miles to NNE from the northern tip of Terroiha Island.

The shores of Ryavoluda Island are rocky and stony. The northern and western shores are gentle, the eastern and southern ones are shallow. There is a low rocky islet 1.7 kbt to N of the island. From the north and south, this islet is bordered by rocky and stony drainage up to 0.3 kbt wide.

Vessels navigating along the Western Solovetskaya Salma Strait adhere to Ryavoluda Island in order to bypass the dangerous Yuzhny Kemsky and North Kemsky stamis.

Island Satam (Ostrov Satam) is 37.1 m high, rocky and covered with tundra vegetation, located 1.6 miles to the W of Ryavoluda Island. The northern, western and eastern coasts of Satam Island are gentle, the southern one is steep. The western and northern shores of the island are bordered by rocky, and the eastern and southern - by stony drainage up to 0.3 kbt wide.

The relief of the island is flat, along its middle part there is a ravine dividing the island into two parts. The slopes of the ravine are gentle towards the western and eastern shores of the island.

At 3 kbt to S and 2.5 kbt SW from the southern coast of Satam Island, there are two low rocky islets bordered by rocky drainage up to 0.3 kbt wide.

The Gorelyye Islands (Ostrova Gorelyye), a group of islands and islets 5.2-21.8 m high, lie 1 mile SW from Satam Island.

There are many drying and underwater hazards between the islands of Satam and Terroiha, and between the islands of Satam and Ryavoluda and to the north of them there are several banks.

Studenci Islands(Ostrova Studentsy) lie 2.8 miles to the W of the island of Satam. The largest of the islands is Studentsy, the north-western coast of which is steep, overgrown with mixed forest; the southern part of the island is flat, and the northern is hilly, the slopes of the hills are gentle.

To the west and south of the largest of the Studentsy islands are low, mixed forest islands, and to the east - rocky islands covered with tundra vegetation. 1.1 miles to W from the northern tip of the largest of the Studentsy islands lies the island of Kladovy Vtoroy (Ostrov Kladovyy Vtoroy), covered with tundra vegetation.

The Studentsy Islands lie on one common dry land and are separated from the mainland coast by a narrow, shallow, partially drying out strait, in which there are many stones.

Kamostrov Island(Ostrov Kamostrov) (65 ° 07 "N, 34 ° 42" E) 6.1 m high rocky coniferous forest. The shores of the island are low, the north-western coast is higher than the others.

Cape Soft Island(Mys Myagmiostrov) is the northeastern tip of Kamostrov Island.

Podtaibolskaya lip(Podtaybol "skaya Guba) (65 ° 06.7" N, 34 ° 40.7 "E) shallow water juts out into the Karelian coast of the bay.

The lip is available for boats with a draft of up to 0.8 m in high water. It can serve as a convenient anchorage for small boats. The western coast of the bay is low, only in the south-western part of it there are hills. The southwestern part of the lip is drying up; the drainage here is silty, viscous.

Depths at the entrance to the bay are 3-4 m, in the central part 2 m.

Cape Yudin (65 ° 07 "N, 34 ° 41" E) is low, overgrown with forest, bordered by stony drainage up to 0.2 kbt wide.

Letneretskaya lip(Letneretskaya Guba) juts out into the coast between Cape Yudin and Cape Marknavolok (Mys Marknavolok) located 1.7 miles to the N from it.

The lip is accessible in full water for boats and boats with a draft of up to 0.9 m with knowledge of local sailing conditions.

The shores of the bay are low, in places rocky and overgrown with forest. The non-navigable river Letnaya (Reka Letnaya) flows into the top of the bay. On the right bank of the river near the mouth is the village of Letnaya Reka.

Several coves protrude into the shores of the bay. At the entrance to the bay and in it there are several islands and many surface and underwater stones.

Depths in the lip are predominantly less than 5 m; the bottom is uneven, and among the dangerous shallow waters there are pits with depths of up to 10 m or more.

There are many dangers on the way to the lip.

Notable points. Landmarks when approaching the Letneretskaya Bay can serve as: the wooded island of Kegostrov, or Endostrov (Ostrov Kegostrov, Yendostrov), 8.7 m high and the island Endostrovskaya Luda (Ostrovok Yendos-trovskaya Luda), 3.3 m high, located respectively 3 kbt to N and 5.5 kbt to NNE from Cape Yudin; the island of Yulmyuki (Ostrov Yul "myuki), located 3 kbt to NNE from Cape Marknavolok, and the island of Zelenaya Luda (65 ° 09" N, 34 ° 48 "E).

Tidal currents. The tidal current enters the Letneretskaya Bay with NNE. The ebb flow has the opposite direction.

Green Luda Island(Ostrov Zelyonaya Luda) 23 m high granite, covered with a layer of peat and moss, located 2.6 miles E from Marknavolok Cape. There is a mass grave at the southwestern tip of the island.

Jar with a distinctive depth of 2 m lies 1.4 miles SSW from the southwestern tip of Zelena Luda Island.

A stone with a depth of 1.4 m is located 0.3 kbt to NNE from the bank.

The set of signs Letneretsky the First(Letneretskiy Pervyy Leading Beacons) (65 ° 07.6 "N, 34 ° 43.7" E) leads from the sea to the entrance to the Letneretskaya Bay. The front alignment mark is set on the low rocky island of Dolgaya Luda (Ostrov Dolgaya Luda).

Shallows with depths less than 5 m, they protrude towards each other 1.2 miles to WSW from the southwestern tip of Zelenaya Luda Island and 4.8 kbt to 35 NE from the northern tip of Dolgaya Luda Island. Between these shoals is the narrowest point of the passage to the lip; depths of 1.2-1.6 m are located here in the immediate vicinity of W from the middle of the passage.

Anchor places. Anchorage for vessels with a draft of up to 5.4 m is located on the Vneshniy Letneretskiy Road, which is located 8 kbt SE from Yulmyuki Island. The depths here are 7-11 m; soil - silt, stone and sand. Banks with depths of 0.2-5 m are scattered near the roadstead.

In full water, vessels with a draft of up to 0.7 m can enter the Letnaya River and anchor opposite the Letnaya Reka village. The depths here are 1–2 m; soil - silt and stone. Local small boats come ashore in winter near the village of Letnaya Reka.

Instructions for entering the Letneretskaya Bay. When proceeding to the Outer Letneretsky roadstead from the Western Solovetskaya Salma strait, from a point located approximately 1 mile to E from Ryavoluda Island, lie on a course of 303 °, having Zelenaya Luda Island directly along the bow of the vessel. Having reached the Letneretskiy Pervyi alignment (alignment direction 99.8 ° -279.8 °), you should lie on this alignment. When the distance to Dolgaya Luda Island is 1.1 miles, you must turn right and follow to Outer Letneretsky roadstead, being careful of the shallows described above, protruding from the Zelenaya Luda and Dolgaya Luda islands, and banks with a depth of 1.4-5.2 m. to the island of Yulmuk by 5-6 kbt, you can anchor. Depths at the anchorage are 7-11 m.

When proceeding to the Outer Letneretsky roadstead from NE from the White Sea Basin, one should leave Zelena Luda Island at a distance of at least 2 miles to 10 W and NW and, after reaching the Letneretsky Perviy target, follow the instructions given above.

Leaving the raid should be done in reverse courses.