How to make a branded livery for airplanes. How to create your own camouflage in War Thunder Loganair wants to add Scottish identity to the sky

What is "livery" and why is it needed? Color schemes for painting aircraft are usually called livery. The obvious purpose is to distinguish between aircraft belonging to different airlines. The plane itself is a huge carrier of corporate identity and an excellent advertising surface.

With the help of coloring, an airline can declare itself on the market, form a certain image in the minds of the public, be remembered, and of course, all this affects sales and business success. And large airlines are also a kind of "ambassadors" of their country abroad.

First of all, I would like to clarify a little about the issue of evaluating beauty and design as such. All these things are, of course, subjective. But there are certain rules (like the golden ratio), there are appropriate and inappropriate color combinations (and they differ in different cultures, countries and design schools). There are also established font traditions.

Therefore, originality and avant-garde are sometimes good, but most passengers will rather like the familiar and harmonious design solutions. On a subconscious level, people tend to use close and understandable things, so too bright a design, or a design that "breaks" the shape of an airplane can push the passenger away even on a subconscious level.

As for in a recent post. This is my subjective opinion, which I do not seek to impose or present as the only correct one. I believe that the new design is ugly and does not work well for the image of our country (after all, the word "Russia" is written on the plane), so I spoke in a tone of harsh criticism. But I understand that many people like the new design very much - it's good! Everyone has a different taste: for example, someone loves herring and onions, but I hate it :) Nevertheless, I must note that in the comments in LiveJournal and FB 8 out of 10 readers rated the new design negatively. Leading branding experts share the same opinion, for example in the comments on the "Composition". In the place of the leadership of a respected airline, I would urgently make corrections to the design, while only one plane is painted.

I was accused of "ordering" and black PR against "Russia". And on Facebook, a representative of the studio: Otvetdesign even switched to personal insults and public threats on this basis. I hasten to disappoint: at the time of publication my SC was around 50, I'm not a top blogger, who will order this from me?)) But the post became quite unexpectedly very popular for me, and after it was quoted uncut on " Composition ", the post hung in the" Top "for two days. I think the same : Otvetdesign should be happy: in a couple of days, more than 20 thousand people suddenly found out about them from my blog alone, I think this is a record!

But let's leave the past in the past! And let's see the beauty :)

I consider the design of two airlines as a starting point in aircraft livery: AirFrance and British Airways.

The current livery of the title British airline was developed by their own domestic agency Newell & Sorrell in 1997. At first, this design was only one of three dozen: the logo and ribbon were unchanged, but the keels were decorated with ethnic motives. different countries(including "under Khokhloma"! All designs). The current design, called "Chatham Dockyard" or simply Union Flag, was applied only to the flagship type - the famous "Concorde".

But after 4 years, the company considered the rebranding not entirely successful, and decided to use the design from the Concorde throughout the fleet (at that time 260 aircraft). This was done in order to increase awareness and uniformity of the image.

I think the design is very successful: for almost 20 years it has not become obsolete. And the ribbon is especially good - both the idea of ​​flight, airiness, and national colors. And it works great separately, in all communications.

A laconic French style called "Eurowhite" also first appeared at Le Concorde in the mid-70s. The brevity was explained simply: the body supersonic aircraft heated up to 125 degrees Celsius (when the air temperature on the train is in the region of -60!). White turned out to be the best solution.

The first Concordes, by the way, were painted differently, and the first flying prototype F-WTSB (stored in Le Bourget) remained in the old livery. The rest of the aircraft were repainted with a new one.

In 2009, a new livery design was made, which ... hardly anyone other than specialists, will notice at first sight... The font of the logo has been changed, it has a red oblique stripe. The keel stripes became bent, and the number of blue lines became 3 instead of 4. But this is such a neat rebranding that for most passengers nothing has changed, it has just become more modern. This is how it should be!

The simple and elegant design, made to meet the demands of technology, has become one of the best airlines in the world. He unmistakably reminds of France. His refined minimalism will allow him to live for more than one year, or perhaps even a dozen years.

Separately, I would like to note the design of the SkyTeam livery. This is not an airline, but an alliance, but nevertheless, each company that is part of SkyTeam paints several of its planes exactly in the alliance's color scheme (both Oneworld and Star Alliance have similar liveries). The current livery was first performed in 2009 to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the alliance. The silvery fuselage is complemented by a blue insignia keel and an elegant calligraphic stroke. Airlines put their small logo on the lower part of the fuselage in front.

This livery is so good that it looks beautiful on both the huge Boeing 777s and our relatively small Superjetics. Well, spotters adore them: only 52 aircraft fly around the world in SkyTeam branded livery.

Another example of European laconic style is the Swiss scheme. Switzerland is recognized as the birthplace of modern typographic design. They came up with modular grids, beautiful sans-serif sans serif fonts, a modern vision of layout and paragraph, and much more. Therefore, everything is clear here. The Swiss do not accept useless ornamentation.

The name is typed in the Helvetica font, which was created by the Swiss company Haas'sche Schriftgiesserei in 1957. Its name itself is translated from Latin as "Swiss", Helvetia is the historical name of Switzerland. The keel is decorated with a cross, the symbol of the country. Next to the English-speaking Swiss, the same thing is duplicated in small details in the four official languages ​​of the confederation.

It may seem simple, empty, but ... this is Switzerland, and it cannot be confused with anything.
And they also have branded chocolates on board :) In the same design.

Before I forget: Air Malta!
Aircraft from a small island in the Mediterranean Sea carry a stylized Maltese cross on the keel, and then on the fuselage - interesting, vivid graphics filled with interesting small details... Cool and beautiful!

By the way, soon the airline will come to Sheremetyevo, we really hope for spotting about this :)

And while we're talking about beautiful graphics - Air Seychelles!
Tropical motifs and vibrant colors that remind us of exotic island v Indian Ocean, decorated with a pair of birds (this is a tern, which is found on tropical islands).
Very beautiful planes, it's a pity they don't fly to us.

Not hard to see: there is a tendency for the bright color used on the keel to blend into the white fuselage. Sometimes even together with a picture or logo. In principle, the same move was used in the new design of "Russia", but not so neatly.

The Australian Qantas, in general, has nothing special, but the design is memorable. And the successful image of a kangaroo immediately makes it clear where this plane is from. In my opinion, it is important that the airline carries some kind of national "chip". After all, planes fly all over the world, and in a sense, they personify their country.

Asiana Airlines' keel-to-fuselage transition is one of two major airlines South Korea... These boards are in Domodedovo, it is always pleasant to watch them.

The more famous Korean carrier is Korean air- has been wearing its current design since 1984. A beautiful and stylish combination of azure, silver and white is complemented by the Taegykki logo and sign, depicting the yin and yang energies in a single whole universe.

The South Korean airline, in addition to the livery, always has a beautiful design of aircraft cabins and the uniform of flight attendants (and the flight attendants are pretty), which is also very nice.

In my opinion, for the Boeing 747 it is best when there is a horizontal stripe in the middle of the fuselage. This nicely emphasizes its shape, preventing it from visually breaking.

Something similar to Korean Air, the design of the Dutch airline KLM is good in its own way. The color blue and the crown logo have been used since time immemorial (logo: 1961), but the livery was transformed into its current form in 2002.

KLM and AirFrance are the protagonists at the legendary Saint Maarten airport, as half of the island belongs to the French and half to the Dutch. The airport is shared.

But this does not prevent the bearer of the legendary, iconic livery - American Airlines from appearing there.

This airline was probably the last one to carry in its appearance the spirit of the beautiful golden times of aviation of the past. The fact is that until 2013, the fuselages of the aircraft of this airline were not painted at all, but were simply polished at the factory, after which a transparent varnish was applied on top. Most of the surface shone with natural "winged metal". The colors of the American flag were painted in the center, and an eagle flaunted on the keel, framed by two "A" s.

Unfortunately, it was decided to paint the aircraft in a new way:

Not bad, but rather "pop" livery. The thing is that painting according to the new scheme is simply much cheaper.
In my opinion, polished aluminum was much cooler!

Vietnam. Live at the airport looks very nice. Moreover, one of the first A350 operators!

Another very interesting example is Emirates. The UAE flag is stylishly and neatly interpreted, and the bronze company logo is applied. The font is very successful - on the one hand, it hints at the Middle East, but on the other hand, it does it very intelligently.

And their Abu Dhabi neighbors have just rolled out a new livery that has already won numerous industry awards. It is called "Facets of Abu Dhabi", that is, "the facets of Abu Dhabi. The color scheme perfectly emphasizes the culture and geography of the Emirate. The design looks very modern, and at the same time, solid.

And a few words about the plane from the title photo :) This is a creative from South Africa. Low-cost airline Kulula decided to put explanations on the details of the aircraft directly on the fuselage for everyone interested.

Something's missing, isn't it?
Certainly.
Our main and beloved national carrier. Our Aeroflot :)

Unlike the new "Russia", the design of the aircraft of the parent company is all right! I think Aeroflot's design is very good. Since 2003, it has not become outdated at all, it looks modern. And at any airport in the world, it looks quite up to par. It is always nice to see him somewhere very far from home, among overseas aircraft!

And it just so happens that it is Aeroflot that represents Russia: a large flag on the keel clearly indicates the nationality of the aircraft.
It is a pity, of course, that Ily 96s no longer fly.

Well, this one will always be the best livery for me.

In those days, when the sky was bluer, the grass was greener, the planes smelled of kerosene and made a great noise, and the sky was filled with the roar of propellers every now and then, almost all the planes were like that :) This time cannot be returned, and I am not nostalgic for the USSR at all, but. .. A swift white plane with a blue stripe is forever!

The first thing that catches your eye when you look at the plane is how it is painted, its livery. We are already accustomed to some of them and we know that, for example, with a waving Russian flag on its tail - Aeroflot, and bright light green - S7 Airlines. But there are unusual liveries, when the goal of the airline is to highlight the aircraft, to focus on the unusualness of it. appearance... Sometimes planes are repainted for an event or advertising campaign, and sometimes the airline completely changes its corporate identity.

We offer you to see what new liveries appeared in 2016, and look into the year 2017.

Cathay dragon

Hong Kong regional carrier Dragonair (wholly owned by Hong Kong's flagship airline Cathay Pacific) announced plans to rebrand in early 2016. However, it was not until November that both a new name (Cathay Dragon) and a new logo appeared. The rebranding, according to the top managers of the carrier, will increase awareness among customers and simplify the lives of passengers, since the new name and coloring of the aircraft have become visually closer to the parent company for Dragonair. What has changed:

• the name of the airline on the fuselage (in hieroglyphs and Latin letters);
• the image of the dragon was moved from the keel to the bow of the aircraft, placing it next to the windows of the cockpit;
• a brush stroke appeared on the tail, symbolizing a flying bird; the same element is present on the tails of aircraft and Cathay Pacific, only not red like Cathay Dragon, but green.

The first aircraft in the new Cathay Dragon livery is the Airbus A330

China Airlines

Taiwan's national air carrier China Airlines, together with aircraft manufacturer Boeing, unveiled a Boeing 777 aircraft painted in co-branded livery last May. The aircraft became the tenth aircraft of this type in the airline's fleet and the first to receive a co-branded livery. It was based on the original paint of the airliner manufacturer. The elements representing the airline were the China Airlines logo on the fuselage and the Japanese apricot flower ( Prunus mume; one of the national symbols of Taiwan), traditionally located on the keel. The aircraft co-branded paint project was dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Boeing.

Boeing 777 is the first aircraft of its type to be co-branded with China Airlines and Boeing

In October, the airline presented another aircraft in an unusual livery. It was the A350-900, which depicts a pheasant mikado ( Syrmaticus mikado) is a rare bird species endemic to Taiwan. In total, China Airlines plans to paint 14 A350-900 aircraft in the new livery, which will enter the fleet by 2018.

Rare bird on A350-900 fuselage

Eva Air

At the end of November, another Taiwanese airline, Eva Air, unveiled the aircraft in Gudetham livery. This is a new cartoon character - a lazy yolk pulled from an eggshell. It was produced by the Japanese company Sanrio, the same company that spawned the boom in Hello Kitty. By the way, planes with a cartoon kitten on board have flown in Eva Air since 2005. "Unlike Hello Kitty's sweet look, Gudetama symbolizes a laid-back and relaxed style of travel," says airline president Derek Cheng. A lazy yolk will meet passengers not only outside, but also in the cabin - on the uniform of flight attendants, on the headrests of chairs, on the menu, on napkins, cutlery, travel sets, etc.

Qantas

In October 2016, Australian airline Qantas unveiled a new look for its iconic Flying Kangaroo. Updated airline logo to be used in design Boeing aircraft 787 Dreamliner, which will join Qantas' fleet in 2017. The airline has also featured the logo on one of its A330s.

The kangaroo first appeared on Qantas aircraft in 1944. Since then, the carrier's symbol has undergone numerous changes. The new kangaroo has been greatly simplified with less detail and smoother shapes. In addition, now its image will be placed not only on the tail, but also on the nose, engines and wingtips of aircraft.

Flying kangaroo evolution

JetBlue

While Australian Qantas, an airline with rich history, simplifies the logo and makes it more modern, the young American airline JetBlue (started operations in 2000) took a different route and painted one of its A320s in a retro livery, specially designed in the style of the 1960s.

JetBlue A320 in retro livery

Aeromexico

The new livery of the Mexican air carrier Aeromexico received its first Boeing 787-9. It was designed by the Mexican graphic artist Jose Manuel Escudero. According to the author of the project, the creation of the new livery was inspired by the images of animals, which are depicted on the fuselage. The plane itself was named "Quetzalcoatl" ("Feathered Serpent") - in honor of the deity of pre-Hispanic Mexico.

"Feathered" Boeing 787-9

Brussels Airlines

Belgian air carrier Brussels Airlines presented the A320 in a livery dedicated to the famous Belgian surrealist artist Rene Magritte. The aircraft was painted with motives from three works by Magritte: "High Society" (La Belle Société), "Foresight" (La Clairvoyance) and "Return" (Le Retour). The livery appeared thanks to the collaboration of the airline and the artist's foundation.

A320 in livery dedicated to renowned Belgian surrealist artist Rene Magritte

U-Fly Alliance

In December, the U-Fly Alliance, an alliance of low-cost carriers, received the first A320 in original livery. The aircraft will operate in the fleet of the Chinese airline West Air. In the future, each member of the association will have their own aircraft in the U-Fly Alliance livery. The idea was borrowed from the world's largest air carriers, whose members operate aircraft in branded livery.

U-Fly Alliance was formed in early 2016 and originally consisted of four Chinese airlines controlled by Hainan Airlines, - HK Express, Lucky Air, Urumqi Air, West Air. In the summer they were joined by the South Korean Eastar Jet.

First A320 in U-Fly alliance livery

Rossiya Airlines

In April 2016, Rossiya Airlines, which included two other carriers of the Aeroflot group, Donavia and OrenAir (Orenburg Airlines), received the first aircraft painted in a new livery. We are talking about a wide-body Boeing 747 aircraft, which was previously operated by Transaero, which had ceased flights. As representatives of "Russia" noted, when choosing a coloring it was important to maintain brand awareness, but at the same time give it new, modern features. The company's trademark is in the form of an airplane contrail, which "underlines the dynamic character of the renewed brand." Vadim Zingman, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Rossiya Airlines, explained that the design of the new livery was based on an element resembling a turbine blade.

Boeing 747 - the first aircraft of the "Rossiya" airline, painted in a new livery

Belavia

In 2016, the Belarusian national airline Belavia presented two projects at once - Boeing 737-300, which advertises the popular online game World of Tanks, and Boeing 737-800, painted in the new corporate identity of the air carrier. The design of the first machine was created in cooperation with the developer of online games Wargaming; the project itself is of an image (non-commercial) nature.

Paul Wylde, an agency from the USA, was involved in the creation of a new corporate identity for the airline and the exterior paint of aircraft; the interior reworking was entrusted to the American company Teague. The cornflower became the central element of the new style. The airline explained that it is considered a traditional Belarusian flower, which symbolizes purity, friendliness and friendliness.

Cornflower became the central element of Belavia's new image

What to expect in 2017

Loganair

Scottish regional airline Loganair has announced plans to create a national Scottish carrier. It is expected that in September 2017 it will begin operating flights from Glasgow Airport under its own brand on its own, rather than on leased aircraft. “We want to add Scottish identity to the sky,” the airline said. Aircraft will be decorated with tartan, traditional for Scotland.

Loganair wants to add Scottish identity to the sky

Norwegian

Norwegian airline Norwegian is known for using portraits in its aircraft livery designs. famous people- polar explorers, scientists, writers, musicians, and not only of Scandinavian origin. The airline announced that in 2017, two aircraft - Boeing 737 and Boeing 787 - will feature a portrait of Amy Johnson, the world's first female pilot to fly solo from England to Australia. She is also known for taking part in the world's first one-day flight from London to Moscow. Amy Johnson died in a plane crash during World War II.

Now the airline operates more than 80 aircraft decorated with portraits of famous people.

The Aircraft object is the object that you will control and the one that you have to shoot down). As already noted in the previous lesson, moving objects must be assigned a route of movement.

In the video below, you can see how to create an airplane route and configure all sorts of parameters.

So, let's create a simple mission, like a training mission, where you need to take off from an airfield, fly over it in a circle and land. Let's load the map and enlarge one of the airfields, which is indicated on the map with a kind of icon. Now open the View -> Object menu and select the aircraft type. Place the object on the map by selecting the insertion point with the mouse and pressing the button Insert ... The first point must be at one of the ends of the runway (runway). Now, in the same way, set the second point at the place of the intended flight, etc., until you stop near the opposite or the same end of the strip where you are going to land.

When planning a route, pay attention that the next waypoint after the point of the intended take-off is along the runway line, so that the aircraft does not seek to turn immediately after taking off from the runway without climbing, as this could lead to an accident. The same applies to the pre-landing point of the route. Also note that too much difference in altitude should not be set between closely spaced waypoints, since the plane will not physically be able to pick it up or descend (dive).

Let's proceed to direct editing of the route. select the first point and go to the "Waypoint" tab. Find the property "Type" and select "Takeoff" from the list. The waypoint will immediately move to the edge of the runway and change its appearance. Now for the last waypoint, specify Type -> Landing. Set the flight speed and altitude for the rest of the route points, you can leave 500m and 300km / h.

Now go to the "Airplane 1" tab (Airplane 2, Airplane 3 or Airplane 4). For each plane of the flight, you can set an individual color, skill and pilot skin. The "Player" parameter means that this plane will be available for the player to fly. That is, during the start of the mission, you will control these very aircraft. The Signs option allows you not to display country decals on the wings and fuselage of the aircraft.

Save the received mission on your computer and try to play it by clicking the button of the same name in the "File" menu.

Flight along the route

The flight along the route can be varied in terms of building a link. On the "Waypoint" tab there is a "Build" parameter, where you can set the formation of aircraft at a particular point on the route. Select from the drop-down list the one that best suits the mission being created.

Patrol type - set the type of patrol route.

Cycles - the number of flight cycles along the given patrol route.

Time is the time of the patrol.

Angle — sets the direction from the first point in the route in degrees.

Distance - the size of the side of the polygon from point to point in kilometers.

Height - the difference in heights from point to point in meters.

Fighter cover (escort) and interception of air targets (air combat)

In IL-2, it is possible to organize cover for bombers and attack aircraft along the entire route until the flight to the target. To do this, you must completely set the route for bombers (attack aircraft) or other aircraft that require fighter cover. After that, set the flight route of the cover planes (fighters). Position the fighter track point near the bomber flight point. Now go to the "Waypoint" tab of the Object window and press the Select button, and then specify the bomber route point for the fighters as the target. It is not recommended to set a link cover point at the first waypoint.

Thus, for example, fighters will cover the bombers along the entire route and will stop escorting after the bombers pass the penultimate point of their route. Moreover, if the flight trajectory along the route points of the escort fighters repeats the trajectory of the bombers, then at the end of the escort, the fighters will move to the nearest point on their route and continue moving along their path. If the trajectory does not follow the path of the bombers, then they will go to the point following the point at which the “Target -> Select” attachment was made.

Air combat or interception of attack aircraft (bombers) is also quite simple to organize. It is enough to indicate the flight route to both sides, where in one (or several places) at approximately the same time they will intersect or pass side by side. At these points of the route, the attacking link needs the route point of the enemy aircraft as a target. approximate time The flight of the aircraft at the control point is displayed next to each control point in parentheses. To organize a full-fledged air battle, it is necessary for the enemy side to indicate as an attack the planes of the opposite side. Also, pay attention that the flight heights of the flights of the aircraft on both sides are approximately the same, unless otherwise required by the mission scenario (for example, an overshoot attack).

Combining links into groups

Some missions may require you to combine individual aircraft links into large groups to carry out joint tasks. To do this, it is necessary to set all the points of the route for the task to be completed by the leading link. For all other links, it is sufficient to specify only two route points in the immediate vicinity of the first route point of the leading link. And at the extreme (second) route point of the slave links, indicate in the Object window on the "Route point" tab the Goal -> Select, and select the first route point of the leading link. Thus, you will merge the links. All driven units, regardless of their number, will carry out the combat mission of the leading unit.

Bombers, attack aircraft and fighters armed with bombs or missiles can fly in a group. Fighter units with only small arms and cannon armament cannot be combined into groups in the above way. For all links, in this case, it is necessary to set the entire flight route.

Taxi, take off and landing

When setting up takeoff, as a rule, you already appear on the runway ready to take off. However, it is possible to adjust the takeoff from the moment the aircraft appear in the parking lot. In addition, you can customize the appearance in one of the stationary parked aircraft.

Select the take-off route point and open the Object window, in which go to the “Route settings” tab. Specify the take-off point type Taxi. Here you can also specify the delay in minutes, after which the aircraft will start taking off. Distance allows you to set the distance between planes. It is very important not to set the distance too small or too far. In the first case, the planes may appear too close and collide. In the second case, a significant distance can lead to the fact that aircraft can appear outside the runway or collide with other objects.

The next step is to specify all waypoints prior to the runway entrance. Now select the last point of the Takeoff type route and go to the “Route settings” tab and set the value of the Takeoff Type parameter to Normal. It is important in this case that the direction of flight clearly coincides with the direction of the runway, since take-off will take place in this direction.

The takeoff route point can also be set to another type, which will determine the nature of the aircraft takeoff. On the Route Settings tab, specify the Takeoff Type - Normal, Pair, or In Line. For the last two parameters, you can set the time delay between aircraft takeoffs and the distance between them.

Instead of a stationary plane, an appearance plane can be used, which can be installed anywhere on the airfield. The spawn plane can be found in the Stationary Aircraft section. Appearance plane is a purple virtual plane that can be selected for take-off, just like a stationary plane.

Below you can download several simple missions, where various methods of takeoff, taxiing and starting from stationary aircraft are implemented.

For landing, additional options are available that determine the type of approach. Select the landing point of the aircraft link and open the Object window. On the Route Settings tab, select the desired Boarding Type from the list. Available: Left, Right, Short Left, Short Right, and Straight. The default seating pattern is on the left. Please note that landing in a straight line is difficult for AI planes, as planes can collide on the runway or on the approach. Therefore, always check the mission performance in such cases.

Takeoff and landing on an aircraft carrier

Planes in the game can take off not only from equipped airfields, but also from stationary and moving aircraft carriers. The game also has the ability to organize takeoff from special sites, called Test Runways, which you can find in the Stationary Ships section of the Object window. Working with test runways is similar to working with aircraft carriers.

Place a stationary aircraft carrier on the map or set a route for an aircraft carrier. Now create a flight path for the planes to take off and / or land on the aircraft carrier. Place the first and last waypoint (takeoff and landing) next to the aircraft carrier. Now go to the Waypoint tab and set the type -> Takeoff or Landing. After that, click on the Select button and specify the aircraft carrier as the target. If the waypoint has moved to the nearest ground airfield, move it in place with the mouse. Now the planes are attached to the aircraft carrier and will take off and land from it. To ensure the best AI behavior during takeoff and landing, route the route so that the planes approach from the stern of the aircraft carrier, and the next waypoint after takeoff is located in the direction of the ship.

Please note that not all aircraft can take off from an aircraft carrier to correctly reproduce the mission. And only planes with special equipment - hook hooks - can board an aircraft carrier. Therefore, keep this in mind when creating your own missions. Also do not forget that very few aircraft can take off with a full bomb load from a stationary aircraft. Therefore, it is better to take off heavily loaded aircraft from a fast moving aircraft carrier.

Target bombing.

At the bottom of the Waypoint tab there is a Select and Clear button. By pressing the Select button, specify the target for the planes. This can be a bridge, a transport column, artillery, a ship, and other objects.

For flight aircraft, you can specify several consecutive targets that should be destroyed. However, you should know that the attack of the target aircraft is carried out in the following order: first of all, the aircraft drops bombs on the first target, after the second approach it tries to destroy the next target with missiles and cannons. Based on the objectives of the mission, you should choose the right aircraft armament and build an algorithm for attacking ground targets.

1. For dive bombers, bomb-loaded fighters and attack aircraft, you need to select a ground target at the point of attack that is intended to be destroyed. Otherwise, the planes will try to attack the ground target closest to the point, if such is found.

2. For heavy bombers and transport planes with bombs, the point of attack must be set EXACTLY on the target. This point is defined WITHOUT a target. The same applies to transport aircraft that drop parachute troops.

3. For dive bombers and fighter-bombers for dive-bombing, the altitude should be set to more than 1500 meters. Otherwise, they will drop bombs from level flight.

4. Accordingly, if you want all bombers, regardless of type, to operate from level flight, do as stated in the second paragraph.

5. But do not set too low a height for airplanes dropping bombs. Otherwise, they can be destroyed by the explosions of their own bombs. Low height can be installed for attack aircraft attacking with missiles and machine-gun armament.

6. Do not set the previous waypoint too close to the attack point. Otherwise, the aircraft will not have time to complete the re-formation into the correct battle formation for the bombing strike. Usually they need 7-10 km for this.

Kamikaze.

If you want to simulate the attack of ground targets by Japanese kamikaze, then you need to set the flight route for the planes only to the target, where the last point of the route will be the point of attack of the selected target. To avoid errors in the behavior of the kamikaze AI, it is not recommended to put many route points before the attack point. It is most optimal to set only two route points: flight and attack. In this case, the AI ​​will most likely lead the plane in a suicidal dive towards the target.

It is recommended to use He111Z as a towed aircraft for the Me-321 glider, and for the G-11 –Li-2 glider.

Mistel Bundle - this is a bunch of aircraft FW-190A8 ( Mistel ) and a specially converted Ju-88 ( Mistel ), stuffed with explosives, which in flight can be disconnected and sent to destroy the enemy's target.

When creating a mission Mistel it is necessary to set a route for the bomb plane Ju -88 (Mistel ) and only one route point to the control plane - FW -190 indicating the target to Junkers.

The SPB link (composite dive bomber) is a combined bundle of the TB-3 4M-34R SPB carrier aircraft and two I-16 type 24 SPB attached to it. During the flight, the I-16 can be disconnected from the carrier to carry out an attack on the target and cover the bomber directly in the target area and on the way home. To create a SPB link, you need to set a route for the TB-3 (SPB) aircraft and set only one point for a pair of I-16 (SPB) aircraft, and at this point, you must specify TB-3 as the target, using the Select button on the Route Setup tab windows Object. After the start of such a mission, the planes will be automatically hooked under the wings of the bomber.

There are also combinations of airborne objects, for example, such as the G4M Betty bomber (1945) and the Ohka flying kamikaze bomb, which at the start of the mission can be attached to each other, and in the process of completing the mission they can be separated.

Linked objects cannot land in a connected state. If you set a landing point for a carrier aircraft, the towed object will unhook and try to find a landing site. When you create such missions, remember that only experimental verification will give the final answer to the question of whether they are usable. This check should show whether the towed object will land correctly - not on the forest or on the city.

Please also note that AI-driven composite aircraft such as Mistels may experience AI behavior issues. Therefore, it is recommended to use this hitch under player control.

Who saw how new planes are painted? This process is laborious and voluminous! First, the plane is painted in the main color, while UTair's is snow-white. About 100 kg of paint was spent on the new aircraft, the area of ​​the painted surface was 550 square meters!
After the paint is completely dry, the aircraft is prepared for the most important part of painting, the application of the airline's logo, in full observance of the colors and corporate identity, because the aircraft is the face of the airline!

With the help of the film, workers mask those areas that do not need to be painted or need to be painted in a different color, it can be a company logo, a name, distinctive symbols, and then jewelry work is already underway to paint over these elements. By the way, these works take up most of the time of the entire painting process.

1.After applying a protective film to the surface, the surface to be painted is cleaned and degreased

2. Carefully using a special tool and with German precision without missing a millimeter

3. After the preparation is over, start painting from top to bottom.
The paint is sprayed from special electric guns, which allow it to be evenly applied to the entire surface

4. The painters are wearing special anti-static lint-free suits

5. The upper part is painted, painting continues below

6.

7.The paint layer is very thin, a few microns

8.

9.And here's the big UTair logo painted

10.

11. But there are also logos in the cockpit area

12. The painting technology is the same

13.

14. Everything turns out to be blue

15.But after this paint is dry, the protective film will be removed

And the beautiful snow-white airliner Airbus A321 with the UTair logo recognizable all over the world will appear before our eyes! And very soon someone will become a passenger of this wonderful airline!


Photos from the process of applying the logo on the sides of the brand new A-321 UTair were kindly provided by the press service UTair Airlines, Elena Galanova.

Taken from alexx72 in How the artists worked on the first Airbus A321 UTair

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Liveries are one of the options for uniforms that differed in cut features, colors and fittings. Some of the elements were consistent with the heraldry of the home that the bearers served. But this word means not only clothes for people.

Aviation dress code

Aviation liveries are the coloring of an aircraft's fuselage according to a specific color scheme. It is applied in order to show that the skyship belongs to a particular airline. For vehicles that are combat, choose a coating that can disguise and hide them visually from the enemy.

How planes are painted

Airplanes are huge vehicles, expensive and very complex. More than once in their aviation life, they change the host company. At the same time, you have to change the uniform of a heavenly bird, which is not very simple.

Painting is carried out in special hangars. As a rule, Russian aircraft receive new liveries at aircraft repair plants, only such enterprises in the country have everything you need. The procedure takes place in several stages, it can take from several days to weeks. Most often, maintenance and repair work is carried out at the same time.

Stages of changing the livery

The plane rolls into the hangar. First of all, all openings and parts of the fuselage are closed, where liquids should not enter. Next, the old coating is removed with a special compound. It is such an aggressive mass that in a few hours it will corrode and begin to flake off. The final rinsing takes place with high pressure hot water. Some places are cleaned mechanically.

Rolls into paint rooms. In order to carry out the procedure efficiently, it is necessary to comply with certain indicators of temperature and humidity. Before painting, the surface is prepared by priming in several layers and sanded. The first color is applied in several layers, which will be the base one. Drying and curing time is required between applications.

Each airline has its own corporate colors or brands. All this in the form of stencils and masks must be applied to the aircraft fuselage. The coloring must strictly correspond to the livery color scheme provided by the owner of the boat. Depending on the complexity of the drawing, individual parts are painted several times, with obligatory intermediate drying.

The last stage is varnishing, which not only gives a glossy shine and creates an updated look, but also protects the aircraft body from weathering.

Aircraft varnishes and paints

There are two types of paints made specifically for this type of work:

• acrylic;
• polyurethane.

The use of each of them is due to the technical and flight characteristics of the aircraft, as well as the financial capabilities of the airline. Acrylic is traditionally used to work on the hulls of turboprop machines, and polyurethane is used on turbojets. The latter also contributes to fuel economy, due to its ability to reduce air resistance.

The advantage of acrylic is a slightly lower cost, since such paint is also produced in Russia, but the polyurethane version of the coating is only imported. For some types of painting works using polyurethane, it is necessary to use specialized equipment, which is also bought abroad.

The thickness of all layers of the coating can be less than 0.2 mm, and the weight always exceeds 100 kg. Liveries are a fairly heavy garment for aircraft.

Festive aircraft liveries

Do not think that aircraft should be painted only when they change ownership. Various events in the country, the world and in the airline itself can also force you to put on new liveries. This is a way to highlight what is happening. Typically, these color schemes are not massively applied. One or more aircraft are subject to an exclusive paint job.

• In honor of the 1000th anniversary, she painted one of her airbuses with portraits of compatriots who left their mark with their activities not only in the country, but also in the world.

• dressed as many as six Boeing in livery, dedicated to both her 50th anniversary and the opening of Disney Park in the capital of Japan.
• The aircraft of the Russian Federation are not lagging behind either. In honor of its 90th anniversary, Aeroflot dressed one of its aircraft in a festive livery. For the development, a special competition was organized, during which "Sukhoi SuperJet-100" turned into a gorgeous toy with a Khokhloma painting.

• Air New Zeland, self-proclaiming itself the official air carrier of Middle-earth, has placed the heroes of J.R.R. Tolkien's novels on its three cars. This was due to the fact that many of the scenes of the film based on his novels were filmed in New Zealand.

• The Transaero livery dedicated to a charity event to help sick children made one of the airline's planes a Flight of Hope. Dozens of colorful palms were imprinted on the fuselage.

The virtual world of aviation

Childhood is the perfect time to dream. Little cosmonauts, football players, motorists, ballerinas are born in every soul, but when they grow up, they either disappear without a trace, or they remain small.

The dream of becoming a pilot allows you to realize the world of virtuality. A lot of flight simulators are currently creating very real universes, giving a sense of complete presence. Flight simulators including. Aerosoft liveries add a rich variety to aviation virtual reality. The add-on company has created many modifications for all types of aircraft.