Mysteriously disappeared civilizations. Proofs that ancient civilizations possessed advanced technology (10 photos) Lost ancient civilizations

Over the past century, humanity has become a powerful technological civilization. And many believe that our ancient ancestors did nothing to help us in this. Of course it is not. All the technologies that we have at the moment were based on the work of our ancestors. Previously, people were much smarter than we might think.

Nowadays, batteries are used almost everywhere. But they are not a modern invention. Some scientists believe that the first battery was invented 250 BC. An "ancient battery" was found near Baghdad in 1938. It looks like a large earthenware jug with an asphalt cork, inside which is an iron rod, surrounded by a copper cylinder. When filled with vinegar or other electrolytic liquid, it produces 0.2 to 2 volts of electricity.

In terms of functionality, this design is similar to our batteries, but has a rougher design. Why were they used? In order for liquid metals such as gold, silver, chromium to adhere to the surface during the gilding process. This technology is still used today, only in a more perfect variation.

Iron Column in Delhi

The iron pillar in Delhi, which was built more than 1600 years ago, is not considered an indicator of scientific and technological progress, but many scientists are interested in why this column, more than six meters long, has been standing for more than a thousand years and still does not rust?

By itself, it is not considered a unique object, but it reflects the skills of the metallurgists of that time. In Dhara, there are ancient cannons that have not rusted, as well as other similar pillars. This may indicate that the unique methodology by which such projects were developed has been lost. Who knows what heights in the field of metallurgy mankind could achieve if it possessed the lost knowledge.

Longyu Caves

In ancient times, our ancestors used caves as shelter from predators. After a while, people came to the idea of ​​increasing the living space of the cave. Today, technology allows huge tunnels to be dug.

Longyu Caves were discovered in 1992. Local I wanted to pump out water from a small hole, but as a result I found a huge man-made cave. There are 24 caves in total, which were created by hand. They all begin their history 2500 years ago. Many rooms are symmetrical and have various animals and symbols on the walls that represent nature.

It has been estimated that the Chinese needed to carve a million cubic meters of stone to create them. The interesting thing is what the point is. Since there are no records left, we cannot even guess why this was done.

Lens of Nimrud

It is difficult to figure out exactly what this lens was used for, but some scientists hypothesize that it was part of the telescope. This would explain how the Assyrians knew astronomy so well. The lens was created about 3000 years ago, and was found by an archaeologist from England during excavations in 1853.

It has also been hypothesized that Nimrud's lens could have been used as a magnifying glass for simple carvings, or it could have been used to make fire.

China earthquake detector

A Scottish physicist invented the modern seismograph in 1841. However, it cannot be said that he was the first to create a device for measuring seismic activity. The Chinese created a device that could detect earthquakes in advance as early as 132.

The device was a large bronze vessel with a diameter of just under two meters. He had eight dragons that looked in all directions. Each of the kites pointed to a toad with an open mouth. It is not clear how exactly this device worked, but scientists suggest that a pendulum was placed in the center, which began to move in the direction of the earthquake.

Gebekli Tepe

This remarkable find proves once again how much we underestimated our ancestors. Gebekli Tepe is a huge temple complex, which is estimated at 12,000 years old. What makes it so unique? This is a detailed work of stone. Means that at the time, technology allowed humans to handle huge boulders.

Initially, researchers believed that this place was an ancient cemetery, but a long study showed that the construction of the temple lasted for many years, and it was a rich religious building.

Gebekli Tepe is located three hundred meters from the neighboring valley. This is probably the first place for spiritual ceremonies. It is surprising how skillfully the stones are worked, because at that time there were no metal tools yet.

Antikythera mechanism

At the moment, you can pave a path through the entire planet using the GPS system. However, the people of that time did not have our technology. Ancient sailors relied on the movement of planets and stars to navigate the sea.

The found device remained unexplored for many years, and only a thorough examination helped to understand what it was used for.

The Antikythera mechanism could track the movements of celestial bodies with incredible accuracy. It has gears, just like modern watches. However, at the time it was created, no such technology existed. Although many parts of the find were lost, it was discovered that the device had seven hands that resemble a clock. Obviously, they indicated the direction of movement of the seven planets that were known at that time.

This is the only find that speaks of the great contribution of the Greeks to science. By the way, the device is over 2,200 years old. How it was used remains a mystery to this day. It is unlikely that this will give us an impetus for the development of new directions, but it has become useful for educational purposes.

Lycurgus Cup

The Lycurgus Cup dates back to the fourth century AD. It depicts Lycurgus being trapped. Visually, this is a very beautiful thing. Inside the green glass are millions of incredibly small fragments of gold and silver. The color of the cup depends on the angle from which you look at it.

Damascus steel

Damascus steel began to be made around the third century. It was part of the Syrian arms market until the 17th century, then the technology was lost, but some experts believe that it can be restored. You can easily recognize Damascus steel by its characteristic pattern on the product. Steel is considered to be incredibly strong, which makes it resistant to damage.

Due to their rarity, Damascus steel blades are in great demand among collectors to this day.

Ancient Greek steam engine of Heron

The first steam engine was patented in 1698 by Thomas Saveni. Indeed, it became useful in 1781 when James Watt adapted it for industrial use. Despite this, about two thousand years ago, the great mathematician Heron had already invented the steam engine.

The water, located in a closed sphere, warmed up at the base, there were pipes at the top, looking in different directions. When ejecting steam, they turned the entire device along its axis due to the torque.

The device was first described in the first century. It is still not clear for what purpose it was created. Perhaps it was just an attribute of the temple of science in which it was kept. Just imagine what the world would be like today if the creator thought of substituting an ordinary wheel for this engine.

And everything in itself concealed its former life. For centuries, a fiery shudder.

V. Bryusov

Before Columbus's discoveries, the inhabitants of the Old World hardly suspected at all that a significant part of the human race lived beyond the vast oceans in the Western Hemisphere.The tribes and peoples of Indian America, separated by vast expanses of water from the rest of the world, went through centuries and epochs like a distant planet moving along its own special path in the stellar spheres of the Universe. Ancient and medieval Europe and the East, proud of its millennial wisdom, did not leave any mention of mysterious lands in their rich literary heritage ...

Priceless cultural achievements of civilizations were forcibly destroyed by European conquerors. The culture of metaphors and numbers has been destroyed by iron and fire. She disappeared like a dream ... Only one memory remained of her.There are still huge gaps in archaeological knowledge. Countless riddles and questions await their speedy solution. The past jealously guards its secrets, and it takes a lot of effort to find the keys to mastering them.

1. Mu or Lemuria - the existing civilization on Earth, although all statements about its existence are expressed at the level of hypotheses. According to some researchers, the Lemurian race that lived about 4 million years ago was a kind of semi-monkeys that lived on the ancient continent.

Lemuria in the "Secret Doctrine" is described as "a huge Continent that once reigned and towered over the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans." All descriptions of this continent are rather episodic and approximate, so only dotted lines can be drawn on the map, which will indicate the approximate contours of Lemuria. Let's start with a description of the Indian-Pacific region of this giant continent. In the Asian part of Lemuria there was a huge inland sea.

The Secret Doctrine describes this region in the following words: “Lemuria, as we called the Continent of the Third Race, was then a gigantic country. we know how present-day Tibet, Mongolia and the great Shamo (Gobi) desert; from Chittagong in the west to Hardwar and in the east to Assam. "

While the Mu civilization did not achieve as high technology as other, later civilizations, the Mu peoples succeeded in erecting mega-stone buildings that were able to withstand earthquakes. This building science was Mu's greatest achievement.

Perhaps in those days there was one language and one government on the whole earth. Education was the key to the prosperity of the Empire, every citizen was well versed in the laws of the Earth and the Universe, by the age of 21 he was given an excellent education. By the age of 28, a person became a full citizen of the empire.

Now the land of our planet is made up of six huge continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, America, Australia, Antarctica. But a long time ago, about 4-5 million years ago, there was still neither Central and North Asia, nor Europe, nor the main part of Africa, nor North America - all this was absorbed by water. What did the Earth look like? In the form of a huge continent, which included Australia, part of Asia and South Africa.

The Englishman Slater suggested giving this continent the melodic name of Lemuria, after the interesting and mysterious animals that lived there - lemurs. They were proof of the existence of Lemuria. Naturally, not only lemurs inhabited the ancient continent - all earthly life generally originated here. Numerous lizards lived on Lemuria: paleosaurs, ichthyosaurs, dinosaurs. In the sky soared pterodactyls, huge bats, winged lizards were of various sizes (from a sparrow to 5 meters). Eduard Schure in his book “Divine Evolution” describes our first ancestor as follows: “This ancestor possessed a certain beauty. He looked more likely not like a fish, but like a long blue-green snake with a gelatinous and transparent body, shining with all the colors of the rainbow, which made it possible to see its internal organs. Instead of a head, there was something resembling a fan in its upper part. This organ contained protoplasm, which later turned into the human brain. " In the course of evolution, this semblance of a jellyfish, or translucent snake, began to change and "harden".

“A creature destined to become a human,” writes Schure, “a half-fish-half-snake of the primitive era, took the form of a four-legged, resembling a lizard, but not similar to a modern lizard. Its spinal system, barely outlined in primitive human jellyfish, has developed significantly. His brain gland became covered with a skull and became a brain. In this skull, two eyes appear, which can hardly and dimly see. His bronchi turned into lungs, his fins into paws. " Here is such a picturesque portrait

According to some scientists, the ancestors of man were precisely lemurs, and not primates, as is commonly believed. Life in Lemuria was not calm. Powerful earthquakes, numerous volcanic eruptions destroyed ancient monsters. In such terrible conditions, the formation of the first people - the Lemurians took place. Outwardly, the Lemurians slightly resembled the Ethiopians, they were dark-skinned, but had European features. Soon there was a split of a single continent, as a result of which Africa and Asia were formed, and the first people spread to other lands, bringing the light of knowledge to the wild tribes.

But not all of Lemuria disappeared at once in the depths of the ocean, for a very long time there was a huge island in Indian Ocean, which was called by different names: now Lanka, now Melukhha. After the island finally drowned, some of the Lemurians found salvation on the neighboring islands, in particular on Andaman Islands... The traveler Dobson photographed them there in the last century. Of course, in our time, the Lemurians have lost their former knowledge and run wild. It is possible that the direct descendants of the Lemurians still live in the Andaman Islands, Africa, Australia, New Guinea, Sri Lanka and the south of Hindustan today, retaining their original appearance and customs.

The Toda tribe, which lives in the Blue Mountains in South India, is the last surviving Lemurian. Representatives of this tribe are distinguished by their tall stature, they have fairly fair skin, large, expressive, greenish eyes, "Roman" nose, thin lips, brown or reddish hair. This people, lives high in the mountains, and keeps the legends about seven great kingdoms across the sea, the ruler of which was the only "lord of the ships." The priests of the tribe have retained their native language called "kvorzha". They call the sun and moon by the same names as in Sumeria - Utu and Sin. It is likely that the ancestors of the Toda in ancient times could sail on ships in the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

The mention of Lemuria as a land in the Indian Ocean with a developed civilization is found in the mythology of different peoples. According to Indian mythology, Lemuria was located south of Hindustan. There was a poetry academy on the island, which laid the foundation for Tamil poetry and has existed since time immemorial. It was headed by Shiva. The academy lasted 4,400 years, according to some sources. Lemuria died during the Flood.

The Lemurians, who escaped death, settled in nearby lands, or on the remnants of the continent that remained above the water. It is believed that the Lemurians brought knowledge to India. Only small islands in the Indian Ocean remained from Lemuria. Some researchers reckon among the remains also western islands Indonesia. In the mythology of Madagascar, the Lemurian hypothesis occupies a special place. The indigenous inhabitants of the island of Malgash have preserved to our times the richest traditions of oral poetry, from which we learn a lot of interesting things about the history of the island. According to local myths, the island used to stretch far to the east, and a semblance of a global flood is also mentioned. Despite the fact that Africa is very close, most of the plants and animals living in Madagascar are endemic, and their number is so great that Madagascar can be considered part of some kind of continent. In addition to this, the Malagasy people themselves are not of African descent.

In Europe, the legends of Lemuria were rarely taken seriously, unlike the Unknown Southern Land, with which it was often identified. Usually Europeans compared Lemuria with Atlantis (as a counterweight or vice versa, as an addition). If you believe European mythology, then there are versions that Egyptian, Roman and Phoenician expeditions circled Africa from the south, and Europeans began to sail permanently to India only in the 15th century. If we talk about scientific research, unlike the search for Atlantis, there were almost no expeditions to study Lemuria. The few studies that have been carried out to date have not yet found sufficiently convincing evidence of the existence of a continent or a large island with a developed civilization. Some supporters of the version of the existence of Lemuria hastened to transfer the sunken land to the Pacific Ocean, but this version did not gain wide popularity, and most importantly, at least some tangible evidence, since there was already a disappeared land - Pacifida.

The Central Andes were the easternmost spur of the Lemurian continent. You can also quote from the Secret Doctrine of H.P. Blavatsky, which says that the giant buildings in the Peruvian Andes belong to the Lemurians: that the stone remains, found by Captain Cook on a small piece of Earth called Easter Island, were "very similar to the walls of the Temple of Pachacamac or to the ruins of Tia Juanaco in Peru", also that they were of a giant nature. "

Remains of Cyclopean buildings can be found both in the city of Cusco and beyond. The most massive and striking building is located to the north of the city, it lies on a hill, just above the valley. These giant remains are called the "fortress" of Saxawaman. They are called a fortress, because resemble the protective walls of medieval castles.

The walls of Saxawaman are built in three parallel straight tiers, each about 600 meters long. The height of the first and second walls is about 10 meters, the third - 5 meters. The walls are lined up in a zigzag shape. One wall has about 28 zigzag ledges. The first wall (the lowest one) is made of very massive blocks, the largest of which is 9 meters high, 5 meters wide and 4 meters thick.

The other building blocks are slightly smaller but comparatively the same. Such blocks weigh from 100 to 200 tons. The blocks of the second and third tier are slightly smaller than the blocks of the first tier. The most interesting thing is that all the blocks - both large and small - are so precisely fitted to each other that it is impossible to put even a knife blade between them! In addition, the blocks do not have the correct geometric shape, but are polyhedra of the most varied, arbitrary shape.

The mystery remains unsolved so far! What is Lemuria? Reality or fantasy of people? There are many questions! Humanity can only look for answers to them.

2. Ancient Atlantis - a hypothetical mainland, or island, which is believed to have been located in the Atlantic Ocean, west of Gibraltar. As already mentioned, some believe that Atlantis is a mythical island that has haunted all mystery lovers since the time of Ancient Greece. Humanity has been trying to solve this riddle for more than two and a half thousand years.

When the continent of Mu sank into the ocean, today's Pacific Ocean was formed, and the water levels in other parts of the Earth dropped significantly. Small islands in the Atlantic during the time of Lemuria increased significantly in size. The lands of the Poseidonis archipelago have formed a whole small continent. This continent is called Atlantis by modern historians, but its real name was Poseidonis.

Atlantis possessed a high level of technology that surpassed modern technology. In the book "Inhabitant of Two Planets", dictated in 1884 by philosophers from Tibet to the young Californian Frederick Spencer Oliver, as well as in the sequel to 1940 "Earthly Return of the Inhabitant", there is a mention of such inventions and devices as: air conditioners to clean the air from harmful vapors; vacuum cylinder lamps, fluorescent lamps; electric rifles; monorail transport; water generators, a tool for compressing water from the atmosphere; aircraft controlled by anti-gravity forces.

The clairvoyant Edgar Cayce talked about the use of aircraft and crystals in Atlantis to obtain tremendous energy. He also mentioned the misuse of power by the Atlanteans, which led to the destruction of their civilization.

Atlantis is first mentioned in dialogues written by the great ancient Greek philosopher Plato. All information about Anlantis is contained in two dialogues "Critias" and "Timaeus". A dialogue takes place in the sixth century BC between the ancestor of the ancient Greek sage Solon and a certain ancient Egyptian priest. The priest, based on the ancient Egyptian scriptures, tells the sage about the existence of the great country Atlantis, which was located behind the Pillars of Hercules.

In short, the story goes like this: A very, very long time ago, nine thousand years ago, the virtuous state of Athens was famous for its power. But his main opponent was just the notorious Atlantis.

Atlantis was a huge island, the size of which was larger than all of Asia and Libya. On this island, a state that was striking in its size and power was born. This state owned all of Libya to Egypt itself, and Europe to the west of Italy. Atlantis was inhabited by powerful and proud people - the Atlanteans. With all their might, the Atlanteans tried to enslave Athens, but the brave Greeks threw all their strength into defending their freedom and state. Their struggle was crowned with success, they defeated the Atlanteans. But soon after the victory, some terrible catastrophe happened (either an earthquake, or a huge meteorite fall), and in one day all the warriors of Athens died, and the island of Atlantis, together with its entire population, sank to the bottom of the sea.

Plato's dialogues provide the most complete description of the island and state of Atlantis and its inhabitants. Plato calls Atlantis powerful, but arrogant and opposes it to Athens. The Atlanteans were descendants of the god Poseidon, from whom the earthly girl Kleino gave birth to ten semi-divine sons. The eldest of the sons was Atlas. Poseidon divided the island of Atlantis into ten parts between his sons, initiating ten royal families.

The island amazed with its wealth. There was a hill in the center of the island nine kilometers from the sea. In order to protect it, the god Poseidon built three water and two earthen protective barriers in the form of concentric circles around the hill. The Atlanteans built bridges and canals over these barriers. Through these channels, ships sailed to the very center of the city.

The temples of the island were all in gold and silver, around there were golden statues. The royal palace of the island also shone with unprecedented luxury. The island's shipyards were filled with large ships. According to Plato, the island was very densely populated.

Od But at first the Atlanteans had a divine nature, and wealth was of little interest to them, they did not know what greed was. The further, the more Atlanteans mixed with mortal people, and more human nature began to prevail in their nature, and, therefore, they began to acquire human vices. Over time, the Atlanteans degenerated and became greedy and proud.

Naturally, Poseidon was outraged, and he decided to exterminate the Atlanteans. This is where Plato's story ends, and what happened next is not known. So did Atlantis ever really exist? And if it did, when and where? And what happened to her? A lot of questions remain, to which there are no concrete answers to this day.

Most historians and philologists are inclined to think that Atlantis is an ordinary philosophical legend, invented, like many others, by Plato. Moreover, Plato was not a historian, he was a philosopher, so he considered it his duty to convey to the reader non-specific historical facts and dates, but rather their philosophical ideas, clothed in an artistic envelope.

In addition, no archaeological material has been found to confirm the real existence of any civilization at that time. However, despite this, there is a huge number of theories and hypotheses of the existence and death of Atlantis. The main controversy is on two main issues. The first question is the location of the mythical island. The second question is the reasons for his death.

Some of the hypotheses of the existence of Atlantis, including Plato himself, place this island in the Atlantic Ocean. Supporters of this hypothesis explain this by the fact that an island of such huge dimensions (500 km by 350 km, and even around the lying islands) could only be located in the Atlantic.

Plato and his Atlanticist supporters argue that Atlantis was located in the area of ​​the modern Strait of Gibraltar on the site of the rocks of Gibraltar and Ceuta. At the time of Plato, this place was called the Pillars of Hercules, which means the pillars of Melkart. That is, Plato's Atlantis was located not far from modern Spain and Morocco. And the lands of Morocco in ancient Greek times were considered the place where the legendary Atlant, the son of Zeus, who later named Atlantis and mountain range Atlas, and the Atlantic Ocean itself.

There are theories according to which Atlantis was in the Mediterranean Sea. Supporters of this theory argue that Plato in his descriptions somewhat exaggerated the size of Atlantis. In fact, the island was much smaller and was located on the site of the modern island of Crete, which has since undergone significant changes. And in defense of this theory is the fact that in fact in the Mediterranean Sea on the island of Crete in ancient times there was a developed Minoan civilization. And this civilization died from some kind of natural cataclysm. Everything fits with the story of Atlantis.

The third group of Atlantologists "sees" the ancient Atlantis in the area of ​​the present Black Sea (in the Circumpontic region). In accordance with their hypothesis, Plato, speaking of nine thousand years, meant nine thousand seasons. Each season lasted 121 days. Thus, the age of Atlantis is automatically reduced by three times, and dates back to the third millennium BC. Historically, this was the time when the Indo-European community began to disintegrate. During this period, the Black Sea level rose by 100 meters as a result of the fact that the waters Mediterranean Sea broke through the Bosphorus. A catastrophe of this level turned out to be the cause of the death of Atlantis, according to the adherents of this theory.

According to the philosopher Plato, Atlantis, the ancient continent completed its sinking about 12 thousand years ago. The continent was rich in minerals and an extensive species diversity of flora and fauna, but was rather big Island... The south of the island was a plain, and further inland was the hypothetical and legendary country of Atlandis. The supreme ruler of the country was Atlas, if you translate this word from Greek, it will mean “Atlant”, probably this is how the name Atlantis and the Atlantic Sea originated. In an effort to expand their world influence, the Atlanteans collected secret, sometimes even those that could not be discovered in our days, knowledge that could help in the development of powerful weapons, which is believed to have destroyed them. The mainland was torn apart and sunk in the waters of the ocean. The Atlanteans predicted a catastrophe, and many of them moved to neighboring lands. There is also a hypothesis that some of the knowledge kept by the “keepers” was transferred to other powerful civilizations, such as Greece, Tibet and Egypt.

Plato, even during his life, was ridiculed for saying about a civilization that perished more than 10 thousand years ago, because the creation of the world according to the Christian concept began around 5508 BC, could there have been something else before creation? It was on this issue that Aristotle criticized his teacher, and expressed his, now quite famous phrase: “Plato is my friend, but the truth is dearer!”. Plato, as he himself claimed, turned to ancient sources for knowledge about Atlantis! " In 1882-1883, interest in this topic was revived again, the books “Atlantis - antediluvian world”And“ Ragnarrok - the era of fire and death ”, by the American scientist Ignatius Donnelly.

The legends spoke of a fertile land with a large number of inhabitants, as a result of a hitherto unknown cataclysm, this land sank to the bottom. Dozens of Gepotises describing the location of Atlantis spoke of the likelihood of the location of this continent in the region of the Azores, Santorini, Crete, and Ascension. In addition to the Egyptians and American Indians, even the Slavs are considered heirs of the Atlanteans. Someone believes that the appearance of UFOs in the depths of the Atlantic, as well as the disappearance of liners in the Bermuda Triangle, are somehow connected with Atlantis.

In 1992, in the center Bermuda Triangle, a research vessel of the United States, discovered a pyramid larger than existing ones. It is interesting that the reflected sonar signals give the right to assume that the surface of the pyramid is absolutely smooth, looks like a vitreous substance and does not at all become overgrown with algae and shells.

In addition to the marine theories of the existence of Atlantis, there are also land ones. One such hypothesis states that the land ancient atlantis moved from the equator to the place of modern Antarctica. The reason for this was lithospheric shifts. This theory is very well presented in the book "Traces of the Gods" by G. Hancock.

Another terrestrial theory finds Atlantis in the Alps. Its adherents believe that in South America, or rather on the Altiplano plateau, and was legendary Atlantis... In its defense, this hypothesis puts forward several arguments. First, the Platonic geographic descriptions Atlantis is very similar to satellite images of the Altiplano plateau. Secondly, modern geological theories confirm that Atlantis could not be in the area of ​​the modern Atlantic. Thirdly, some geological formations were discovered on the Altiplano plateau, which can be taken for traces of human activity, but, in addition, these formations are very similar to the descriptions of Atlantis. The fourth argument can be considered that very highly developed peoples have always lived in South America, who possessed extensive knowledge in various fields. They can be considered the descendants of the Atlanteans. And, finally, the fifth argument is based on the reason for the death of Atlantis as a result of some natural cataclysm. In South America, such cataclysms have happened more than once; as a result of large-scale floods, more than one settlement has died. Among them, they say, was Atlantis.

Since ancient times, there have been both supporters and opponents of the theory of the real existence of Atlantis. Researchers argue on this topic always and everywhere. Scientific works are being written, the number of which is already in the thousands. About a dozen versions have been put forward about the location of Atlantis.

The theme of Atlantis at all times has been and remains the object of indestructible artistic creativity of mankind. The most famous fantastic works have been written about her, films have been made. And all the same, Atlantis today remains an unsolved mystery for us. When will we be able to solve it?

The myth of Atlantis - N.K. Roerich,

Atlantis is the mirror of the sun. They did not know a more beautiful country. Babylon and Egypt marveled at the wealth of the Atlanteans. In the cities of Atlantis, strong with green jade and black basalt, chambers and temples glowed like heat. Lords, priests and men, in gold-woven robes, sparkled in precious stones. Light-colored fabrics, bracelets and rings, and earrings and necklaces of wives were adorned, but better than stones were open faces.

Strangers sailed to the Atlanteans. Everyone willingly praised their wisdom. They worshiped the ruler of the country. But the oracle's prediction happened. The sacred ship to the Atlanteans brought a great prophetic word:

The waves will rise like a mountain. The sea will cover the land of Atlantis. The sea will avenge the rejected love.

Since that day love has not been rejected in Atlantis. They greeted the sailors with love and affection. The Atlanteans happily smiled at each other. And Vladyka's smile was reflected in the precious, shining walls of the palace chambers. And the hand reached out to meet with greetings, and the tears of the people were replaced by a quiet smile. And he forgot the people to hate the power. And the power forgot the forged sword and armor.

But the boy, the son of the Vladyka, especially surprised everyone. The sun itself, the sea gods themselves, seemed to send him to save the great country.

He was kind! And welcoming! And caring about everyone! There were brothers to him, great and small. For everyone there was a kind word in him. He remembered each of his best deeds. He didn’t remember a single mistake. He definitely could not see anger and rudeness. And before him everything evil was hiding, and the recent villains wanted to become good forever, just like him.

A crowd of people followed him. Everywhere his gaze met only faces full of joy, waiting for his smile and a kind, wise word. That was really a boy! And when Vladyka-father rested in this life, and the youth, foggy with quiet sadness, went out to the people; everyone, like madmen, forgot about death and sang a hymn of praise to the desired lord. And Atlantis bloomed brighter. And the Egyptians called it the land of love.

The bright ruler ruled for long quiet years. And the rays of his happiness shone to the people. Instead of a temple, the people strove for the ruler. Sang:

He loves us. We are nothing without him. He is our ray, our sun, our warmth, our eyes, our smile. Glory to you, our beloved!

In awe of the delight of the people, Vladyka reached the last day. And the last day began, and the ruler lay powerless, and his eyes were closed.

As one person, the Atlanteans stood up, and the crowds flooded the steps of the chambers with a continuous sea. They carried the doctors and bed-workers. They crawled to the deathbed and, crying, yelled:

Lord, look! Give us at least your look. We came to defend you. May our desire, Atlanteans, strengthen you. Look - all Atlantis has gathered to your palace. We stood up like a tight wall from the palace to the sea, from the palace to the cliffs. We, the coveted one, have come to restrain you. We will not allow you to be taken away, to leave us all. We are all, the whole country, all men and wives and children. Lord, look!

Vladyka beckoned the priest with his hand and wanted to say his last will, and asked everyone to leave, even for a short time. But the Atlanteans remained. They rallied, grew into the steps of the bed. Frozen, and dumb and deaf. Didn't leave. Then the Vladyka raised himself on the bed and, turning his gaze to the people, asked them to leave him alone and let him tell the priest his last will. Vladyka asked. And again, Vladyka asked in vain. And once again they were deaf. They didn't go away. And then it happened then. Vladyka got up on the couch and wanted to push everyone away with his hand. But the crowd was silent and caught the eye of the beloved Vladyka.

Then Vladyka said:

Didn't you leave? Don't you want to leave? You're still here? Now I found out. Well, I'll tell you. I will say one word of mine. I hate you. I reject your love. You took everything away from me. You took on the laughter of childhood. You rejoiced when I was alone for your sake. You filled the silence of mature years with noise and shouting. You despised the deathbed ... Only I knew your happiness and your pain. Only your speeches were brought to me by the wind. You have taken away my sun! I have not seen the sun; only your shadows have I seen. Dali, blue gave! You didn’t let me see them ... I won’t return to the sacred greenery of the forest ... I don’t walk on the fragrant grasses ... I won’t climb the mountain ridge ... I don’t see the bends of rivers and green meadows ... I don’t rush along the waves ... I don’t fly with my eyes behind a fast gyrfalcon ... You can't look at the stars ... You won ... I could no longer hear the voices of the night ... The decrees of God were no longer available to me ... But I could recognize them ... I could smell the light, sun and will ... You won ... You are all from I was overshadowed ... You took everything from me ... I hate you ... I rejected your love ...

The lord fell on the bed. And the sea stood up like a high wall, and hid the land of Atlantis.

3. Empire of Rama in India - According to similar sources, the Rama Empire existed in parallel with Atlantis. And even competed with her. According to legends, the ancient Indian Empire of Rama was destroyed by some powerful weapon 15 thousand years ago. The English researcher David Davenport, after analyzing the "Vimanik Prakaranam" and "Ramayana", which describes his strength, came to the conclusion: the city of Mohenjo-Daro, which belongs to the most ancient pre-Aryan civilization in the Indus River basin in Pakistan, and a number of other cities located nearby were destroyed by atomic explosions. Here is what is said about one of the battles: "Gurka (Gurkha - deity), who flew in on a fast and powerful vimaana, sent a powerful single projectile against three cities, charged with all the power of the Universe. A blazing column of smoke and fire flared up like ten thousand suns ... Dead people it was impossible to recognize, and the survivors did not live long: their hair, teeth and nails fell out. ”Sounds like Hiroshima, doesn't it?

Most importantly, the impact of a very high temperature and a strong shock wave is clearly visible on the ruins of Mohenjo-Daro. Fragments of ceramic found in the epicenter of the alleged explosion were fused. Sand turned into glass was also found in these places.

The so-called kingdom of Rama in northern India and Pakistan was created at least 15 millennia ago and was a nation of large and sophisticated cities, many of which can still be found in the deserts of Pakistan, northern and western India. The kingdom of Rama existed, apparently, parallel to the Atlantic civilization in the center of the Atlantic Ocean and was ruled by "enlightened priests-kings" who stood at the head of the cities.

The seven greatest metropolitan cities of Rama are known in classical Indian texts as the "seven cities of Rishi". According to ancient Indian texts, people had aircrafts called "vimanas". The epic describes the vimana as a double-deck, circular aircraft with holes and a dome, which is quite similar to how we imagine a flying saucer. He flew "with the speed of the wind" and made a "melodic sound". There were at least four different types of vimanas; some are like saucers, others are like long cylinders - cigar-shaped flying machines. The ancient Indian texts about the vimanas are so numerous that a retelling of them would take whole volumes. The ancient Indians who created these ships wrote entire flight manuals for the management of various types of vimana, many of which still exist, and some of them have even been translated into English.

Fortunately, the ancient books of the Indian Empire of Rama have survived, unlike documents from China, Egypt, Central America, and Peru. Now the remains of the empire are swallowed up by the impassable jungle or rest at the bottom of the ocean. Yet India, despite numerous military devastations, has managed to preserve much of its ancient history.

It was believed that Indian civilization did not appear much earlier than 500 AD, 200 years before the invasion of Alexander the Great. However, in the last century, the cities of Mozhenjo-Daro and Harappa were discovered in the Indus Valley on the territory of modern Pakistan.

The discovery of these cities forced archaeologists to move the date of the emergence of Indian civilization thousands of years ago. To the surprise of modern explorers, these cities were highly organized and a shining example of urban planning. And the sewerage system was more developed than it is now in many Asian countries.

4. The civilization of Osiris in the Mediterranean

At the time of Atlantis and Harappa, the Mediterranean basin was a large fertile valley. The ancient civilization that flourished there was the ancestor of dynastic Egypt and is known as the Osiris Civilization.

The Nile previously proceeded in a completely different way than in our days and was called Styx. Instead of flowing into the Mediterranean Sea in northern Egypt, the Nile turned westward, forming huge lake in the area of ​​the central part of the modern Mediterranean Sea, flowed from a lake in the area between Malta and Sicily and emptied into the Atlantic Ocean at the Pillars of Hercules (Gibraltar).

When Atlantis was destroyed, the waters of the Atlantic slowly flooded the Mediterranean Basin, destroying the great Osirian cities and forcing them to relocate. This theory explains the strange megalithic remains found at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea.

It is an archaeological fact that at the bottom of this sea there are more than two hundred sunken cities. The Egyptian civilization, along with the Minoan (Crete) and Mycenaean (Greece), are traces of one large, ancient culture. The Osirian civilization left behind huge earthquake-resistant megalithic structures, owned electricity and other amenities that were common in Atlantis. Like Atlantis and the Rama empire, the Osirians had airships and other vehicles, mostly electric in nature. The mysterious underwater paths in Malta may be part of the ancient Osirian civilization's transport artery.

Probably best example high technology Osirians - an amazing platform found in Baalbek (Lebanon). The main platform is made up of the largest cut rock blocks, each weighing 1,200 to 1,500 tons.

According to myths, the sun god Amon-Ra was at the head of the pantheon of Egyptian gods. The myths also tell about the divine couple - the god of the earth Hebe and the goddess of the starry sky Nut - who had four children: the gods Osiris and Set and the goddesses Isis and Nephthys. The Egyptians claimed that Osiris and his wife, the beautiful Isis, were their first rulers.

The divine couple passed on to people knowledge about the land capable of sprouting, initiated them into the mysteries of arts and crafts, taught writing and the canons of building temples. People got the opportunity to live according to the laws of Heaven in unity with Nature. Osiris and Isis revealed to them the mysteries of life and death and the meaning of their own existence. They awakened in souls a love for Wisdom and a craving for knowledge. It was the most wonderful and happiest time for people.

As the myths tell, on the 17th day of the month Atir, when the sun crossed the constellation Scorpio, a great calamity occurred on earth. Osiris's brother the god Set, seeking to seize power over the world, killed Osiris and threw his body into the Nile.

For a long time, not knowing fatigue, Isis was looking for her divine spouse all over the earth. Finding the body of Osiris, she hid it on the banks of the Nile in the reeds. But Seth, hunting at night, found him and cut him into fourteen pieces, which he scattered throughout the Egyptian land. Isis again set off in search. Where the goddess found parts of the body of Osiris, she erected sanctuaries in memory of her divine consort. Fourteen sanctuaries erected by the goddess Isis in historical times will become the sacred centers of the whole country.

Egypt will be built and developed around them, in places determined by the gods themselves. So at all times, Egypt was the body of the divine Osiris, dismembered by his brother Seth into 14 parts. As the myth further tells, soon Isis and Osiris miraculously give birth to a son - the falcon god Horus, who was supposed to restore justice. The son of Isis enters the battle with the forces of darkness. In one of the battles with Seth, Horus loses an eye. In return, the gods grant him Ujat - the eye of inner vision. Horus defeats Set, and with the help of Ujat he revives his father Osiris.

The Eye of Horus becomes one of the main symbols of Egypt - a symbol of just action, compassion and mercy. Isis' son Horus was the last of the gods to rule on Earth. With his departure to heaven, the age of the reign of the gods ends. Millennia will pass before the first historical pharaoh appears and the earthly power will pass to the earthly king.

5. Civilizations of the Gobi Desert - The Gobi is one of the greatest deserts in the world. The Mongolian Gobi stretches in a huge arc for 1600 km along the border with China. The word "Gobi" (Mong. Gov) is of Mongolian origin and means "waterless place". This word in Central Asia denotes desert and semi-desert landscapes. Since ancient times, this area has been known as the Shamo Desert. The Gobi Desert is the most mysterious and least populated place in the world.

According to occult data, Central Asia is a region where spiritual centers of all races existed. The waterless and unsuitable for human habitation today, the central Gobi region is mentioned in ancient myths as the place from where our civilization began. The location of the mythical White Island, the mysterious underground country of Agharti, the sacred kingdom of Shambhala is also localized in theosophical and mystical texts by the boundaries of the Gobi.

Many ancient cities of the Uyghur civilization existed during Atlantis on the site of the Gobi Desert. However, now the Gobi is a lifeless land scorched by the sun, and it is hard to believe that the waters of the ocean once splashed here.

So far, no traces of this civilization have been found. However, vimanas and other technical devices were no stranger to the Wiger area. The famous Russian explorer Nicholas Roerich reported on his observations of flying discs in the region of northern Tibet in the 1930s.

Since ancient times, the Chinese have had a belief about the Land of the Immortals, located somewhere in the center of the Shamo desert, the American clairvoyant E. Casey chose the Gobi desert for his prophecies about the Atlantean colony that once existed there, Shambhala ".

Some sources claim that the elders of Lemuria, even before the cataclysm that destroyed their civilization, moved their headquarters to an uninhabited plateau in Central Asia, which we now call Tibet. Here they founded a school known as the Great White Brotherhood.

The lore keepers of the White Island, after a global catastrophe that completely changed the world, remained in complete isolation for a long time, and fought alone for the survival and preservation of humanity on the planet. Over time, according to ancient Tibetan legends, they split into two communities, which chose different paths of further development. These communities subsequently became the basis of two different kingdoms: the terrestrial kingdom of Shambhala (the path of the left hand - material development, control of the elements and humanity) and the underground country of Agartha (the path of the right hand - contemplation, spiritual development and non-interference in the affairs of humanity).

Not much is known about the White Island itself - the cradle of humanity, whose sages, according to legends, founded the kingdom of Shambhala and the country of Agharti. Most researchers correlate its location with the polar region. According to the texts of E. Blavatsky, this island was located in the North Sea, which once washed the mountains of Tibet, on the site of the modern Gobi desert. If we accept this assumption, then the time of the existence of the sea on the site of the modern Gobi Desert should be attributed to the time of the existence of dinosaurs, since modern geology has proven that large reservoirs of Asia disappeared due to the uplift of the entire territory 41 million years ago, i.e. before the advent of man and since then, the landscape of the Gobi Desert was waterless.

Since ancient times, little-explored areas of the Gobi have been inhabited in stories by unknown monsters, evil demons, unprecedented treasures and treasures. One of the first descriptions of the Gobi Desert was given by Marco Polo: “And the desert, I tell you, is Great: in a whole year, they say, you cannot walk along it. Everywhere there are mountains, sands, and valleys; and no food anywhere. There are no birds or animals here, because they have nothing to eat there. But there is such a miracle: you are driving through the desert at night, and it happens that someone lags behind his comrades, how that person begins to catch up with his own, he hears the talk of spirits, and it seems to him that his comrades are calling him by name, and often the spirits lead him to where he can't get out, so he dies there. And here's another thing: even during the day people hear the voices of spirits and it often seems as if you hear how many instruments are played, as if on a drum. "

The great Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu wrote the famous book Tao Te Ching. At the approach of his death, he went west to the legendary land of Hsi Wang Mu. Could this land be the possession of the White Brotherhood?

According to modern researchers, the ancient tradition of Shveta-dvipa - "White Island", was one of the four continents surrounding the polar mountain Meru. Its polar location is described in the ancient texts of the Mahabharata: “In the north of the Sea of ​​Milk there is a radiant Shveta-dvipa. This island is the abode of radiance. " From the analysis of the content, scientists concluded that the text most likely tells about the aurora. The polar version of the location of the White Island is also confirmed by the text found in 1919 of the Slavic "Book of Veles", carved on beech tablets by Novgorod priests in the 9th century, telling about the exodus of the Aryans in the 5th millennium BC. from the north to southern edges... “Milky tint” in the Old Russian records had everything that related to the snow-covered expanses of the Arctic Ocean, which itself was often called Milk in the chronicles. This, constantly encountered toponymy in ancient texts, gave reason to believe that we are talking about the northern territories: “The settlers live in the depths of the Okiana-sea, a place called Belovodye, and there are many lakes and seventy islands. The islands are 600 versts each and between them there are mountains. And their passage was from Zosim and Savvaty of the Solovetsky ships through the Ice Sea. "

The High Gobi civilization is most of all mentioned in theosophical writings. They talk about the existence in ancient times on the site of the modern Gobi desert of the inner sea, on the White Island of which selected representatives of a mysterious extinct civilization were saved. It was the only colony of surviving people on Earth (the community of wise men), which gave rise to our civilization. Despite the discrepancy between the localization of the White Island in various sources, in one case it is the North Sea in the Arctic (Arctic Ocean), and in the other - the Inland Sea north of Tibet on the site of the modern Gobi Desert, all sources equally point to the White Island as the only, sacred the ancestral home of the ancient Aryans - the progenitors of all mankind.

According to the Indian Kurma Puranas, there was once an island on the North Sea that washed today's Tibet, called Shveta-dvipa, or White Island, where the Immortals lived. In the sanctuary of the Immortals, the physical world was connected with the abode of the gods, and those who lived there constantly lived in two worlds: the objective world of matter and the higher spiritual one. "The Immortals are supposed to have the ability to travel at will throughout the universe, from one world to another, and even live on distant stars." According to Tibetan tradition, the White Island is the only area that avoids the fate of all Dvipa; it cannot be destroyed by fire or water, for it is the "Eternal Earth".

In Isis Unveiled, E.P. Blavatsky, the founder of the Theosophical Society, cites the legend of the "sons of God" and the "sacred island." The source of the legend is the Book of Dzyan. According to her, this is one of the oldest books in the world, almost impossible to date. Prior to the publication of E.P. Blavatsky, this book was not known to any specialist in ancient oriental literature, the original of this book has remained unknown to scientists until now. In 1888, Hindu and Tibetan scholars of the Vedas and Buddhism accused H.P. Blavatsky in quackery and incompetence, after which she returned to the west and did not appear in India again. The sacred text of the Stanzas of Dzyan, which she allegedly stumbled upon in the dungeon of a Himalayan monastery, has never been seen by any Europeans.

“Coleman made a thorough analysis of the occult legend about Atlantis and the identification of its true sources. He showed that the sources of the works of E.P. Blavatsky and her entourage (A. Besant and others) were: the translation of Vishnu Purana by Wilson, The Life of the Earth, or Comparative Geology by Winchell, Donnelly's work and other contemporary scientific and occult works. These works were interpreted and revised by E.P. Blavatsky for her own purposes (to substantiate Theosophy), and she showed an outstanding literary talent and erudition, used, however, extremely tendentiously. The so-called "Book of Dzyan" is an adaptation of the "Anthem of Creation" from the Rig Veda. "

In her famous voluminous work The Secret Doctrine, E. Blavatsky argued that the descendants of the ancient Atlanteans still exist in the Gobi Desert: Where salt lakes and barren and barren deserts now meet, there was a vast inland sea stretching across Central Asia north of the proud Himalayan ridge and its western spurs. And on it is an island, which in its incomparable beauty had no rival in the whole world, and was inhabited by the last remnants of the Race that preceded ours. They were the "Sons of God" who conveyed to people the most wonderful secrets of Nature and revealed to them the ineffable and now lost word.

There was no sea connection with beautiful island, but underground passages, known only to the Heads, communicated with him in all directions.

According to legend, this island still exists today, as an oasis surrounded by the terrible desolation of the Gobi Desert - sands that have not been trampled by a human foot in the memory of people.

The elect escaped on the Sacred Island (now the “fabulous” Shambhala in the Gobi Desert) ”.

In the article "Erroneous Myths about Shambhala" (2003) the English professor Alexander Berzin writes: "In 1888 Blavatsky mentioned Shambhala in her main work" The Secret Doctrine "for which the teachings, she said, were received telepathically from her Mahatma teachers in Tibet. Madame Blavatsky became acquainted with Tibetan Buddhism at a time when European oriental scholars were in their infancy and only a few translations or descriptions of Buddhism were available to them. Madame Blavatsky had the opportunity to learn only scattered fragments of their vast teachings. In her personal letters, she writes that due to the fact that the Western public at that time had little acquaintance with Tibetan Buddhism, she decided to translate and explain the basic terms in more famous popular concepts from Hinduism and the Occult. For example, she arbitrarily translated three of the four island-worlds (four continents - "dvipa") around Mount Meru as the sunken lost islands of Hyperborea, Lemuria, and Atlantis. Likewise, she envisioned the four human races mentioned in the abhidharma and the Kalachakra teachings (born from transformation, moisture and heat, from eggs and from the womb) as the races of these island-worlds.

Her belief that the esoteric teachings of all world religions form one body of occult knowledge strengthened her decision to translate in this manner, and [she] set out to demonstrate this in her literary works. In addition, she wrote that when Lemuria sank, part of her people survived in Atlantis, while part of her chosen ones migrated to the sacred island of Shambhala in the Gobi Desert. Neither the Kalachakra literature nor the Vishnu Purana, in one way or another, has any mention of Atlantis, Lemuria, Maitreya or Sosiosha. The association of Shambhala with them, meanwhile, is maintained among the followers of Blavatsky. The location of Blavatsky Shambhala in the Gobi Desert is not surprising, while the Mongols, including the Buryats in Siberia, and the Kalmyk in the Volga region, were strong followers of Tibetan Buddhism, especially one of its teachings - Kalachakra. For centuries, the Mongols believed that Mongolia was the northern country of Shambhala, and Blavatskaya, no doubt, was familiar with the beliefs of the Buryats and Kalmyks in Russia. "

Mahatma Kut-Khumi also speaks about Shambhala Island, on the site of the modern Gobi Desert, in one of his letters to Sinnett: “A great event is the triumph of our“ Sons of Light ”, the inhabitants of Shambhala (then still an island in the Central Asian Sea) over selfish and vicious magicians Poseidonis - happened exactly 11,446 years ago. "

In the book of the English writer Lobsang Rampa "The Third Eye": "Ancient Tibetan legends tell that thousands of years ago the sea washed many parts of Tibet. This is confirmed by the presence of skeletons of marine fish and other marine animals found during excavations. The Chinese share this opinion. The Yu tablet, found at the Ku-Lu peak of Khingan Mountain in the Hu-Pei province, says that the great Yu found refuge here (in 2278 BC) after the flood subsided. The flood covered all of China, except for the highest places. "

In fact, on the basis of geological research, it is generally accepted that the Gobi Desert is the bottom of the ancient sea and the island is now an array of high mountains. I have repeatedly had to visit the most remote corners of the Gobi, wander along the bottom of deep deserted gorges, explore the Gobi caves, but during 11 expeditions along the Gobi, I never managed to find any hints of the existence of the White Island in ancient times on the territory of modern Mongolia. Comprehensive studies of the joint Soviet-Mongolian expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Mongolian People's Republic 1967–1977. allowed to restore the paleolandscape that preceded the formation of the Gobi Desert. The study of the Gobi part of Mongolia convincingly proved the wide development in this region of vast inland water bodies surrounded by coniferous taiga in the period 70–40 million years ago. Some of the reservoirs had rather deep and salty waters. The climate at that time was moderately humid and warm. Numerous aquatic fossils indicate a strong watering of the southern basins of Mongolia, which disappeared about 40 million years ago.

An attempt to determine the time of the possible existence of the White Island ended with the compilation of an extended chronological table, in which, along with recognized scientific data, controversial data of theosophists and historians were also included. The so-called North Sea, a large inland water body of Central Asia, disappeared due to the uplift of the entire territory 40–41 million years ago, much earlier than the appearance of man. The most ancient material evidence of human existence in this area dates back to 2–2.5 million years ago, the first traces of settled settlements - 3 thousand years BC. These scientifically established dates reasonably cast doubt on the theosophical chronology of mankind and their assertion about the existence of a prosperous colony of sages in the center of the Gobi during the Neolithic period of 10 thousand BC. or even earlier.

Theosophists have their own, different from those accepted in world science, ideas about the evolution of mankind, the main source of which is the sacred ancient Indian Vedas. According to their teachings, the life cycle of humanity is subdivided into seven root races, and the emergence of physical humanity dates back to 18 million years ago.

Lost Cities and Ancient Civilizations - 1

Believe it or not, friends, but modern humanity may disappear in a couple of years, and this will not be the first case of the disappearance of civilization from the face of the Earth. The disappearance of some of the ancient civilizations known to us was caused by wars, climate change, disease, invasions, eruptions. But in most cases, these reasons are most likely the assumption of scholarly historians.

Clovis

Time of existence: 11500 BC
Location: North America

We don't know much about the Clovis culture. It is only known that this prehistoric Native American culture is believed to have existed in North America. Its name comes from an archaeological site located near the city of Clovis, New Mexico. Artifacts found at the site in the 1920s consist of stone tools and bones.

It is believed that these people arrived from Siberia to Alaska through the Bering Strait by the end of the last ice age. Whether this was the first crop in North America, nobody knows. The life of this civilization passed quite quickly. What contributed to its rapid disappearance? Maybe they hunted too much and destroyed their food supply? Or has it been caused by climate change, disease, predators, or a meteorite? Or maybe the members of this culture just scattered to join other Indian tribes? Scientists still have a lot of work to solve this mystery.

Cucuteni-Tripolye culture

Time of existence: between 5500 and 2750 BC
Location: Ukraine and Romania.

The largest communities of Neolithic Europe were built on Cucuteni-Tripolye, territories where modern Ukraine, Romania and Moldova are now located. In the civilization of Cucuteni-Tripolye there were almost 15,000 people - a huge community of that time, mysteriously disappeared from the face of the Earth.

The Cucuteni-Tripolye culture is famous for its ceramics. They also had the strange habit of burning down their villages every 60-80 years before building new ones on the ashes of old ones. To date, scientists have identified about 3,000 archaeological sites from this matriarchal society, in the center of which was the mother goddess. Their disappearance could have been caused by a dramatic climate change that led to the worst droughts in European history. Other theories suggest that humans were scattered among the different tribes that lived in the neighborhood.

Indus Valley Civilization

Time of existence: 3300-1300 BC
Location: Pakistan.

The Indus Valley Civilization is one of those huge civilizations spread across what is now Pakistan and western India. This is one of the most mysterious ancient civilizations. Little is known about her, mainly because no one has ever been able to decipher their language. We know that humans built over a hundred cities and villages, including the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. Each had their own sewer systems and basic living conditions in their homes. It looks like it was a civilization without classes and without an army that excelled in astronomy and agriculture. It was also the first civilization to make cotton clothing.

The Indus civilization disappeared 4,500 years ago and no one knew about it until the ruins were discovered in the 1920s. Several theories try to explain this disappearance. These include changes in their environment, drying up of the Gaggar-Hakra River, colder and drier temperatures. Another theory suggests an Aryan invasion of the region around 1500 BC.

Minoan civilization

Time of existence: 3000-630 BC
Location: Crete.

The Minoan civilization was not known until the early 20th century. Since 1900, a thorough investigation began, which revealed many secrets of this mysterious civilization, which existed for about 7000 years and reached its peak around 1600 BC. Over time, archaeologists have found very interesting places. One of these was the palace at Knossos, a labyrinth associated with the legend of King Minos (hence the name of the civilization). It is now an important archaeological center.

It is believed that the Minoans were destroyed by a volcanic eruption on the island of Tera (Santorini today). There is evidence that they would have survived if the eruption had not killed all plant life. This led to the economic decline of a once rich civilization, hunger and death. Another hypothesis is that they were captured by the Mycenaeans. The Minoan Civilization is one of the greatest civilizations that have ever existed.

Mayan civilization

Time of existence: 2600 BC until 1520 A.D.
Location: Central America.

The Mayan civilization is a classic example of a mysteriously disappeared civilization. Its greatest monuments, its cities and roads have been swallowed up by the jungles of Central America, and its population is scattered across small villages and settlements. The languages ​​and traditions of the Maya people are still preserved, but the climax of civilization occurred in the first millennium AD, when their greatest architectural monuments, and its domination covered a vast territory, which will include Mexico, Guatemala and Belize.

One of the greatest nations ancient civilization used writing, mathematics, calendar and sophisticated techniques to build his pyramids and terraced farms. The reason for the disappearance of this highly advanced civilization is one of the great archaeological debates. Internal strife, combined with climate change in the Yucatan during the year 900, is believed to have resulted in weakening crops and famine leading to destruction.

Mycenaean civilization

Time of existence: 1600-1100 BC
Location: Greece.

Unlike the Minoan civilization, Mycenaean flourished not only through trade but also through conquest. Their empire covered almost all of Greece. The Mycenaean civilization survived five centuries of dominant power before disappearing around 1100 BC. Several Greek myths are centered around this civilization. One of them, the myth of the legendary king Agamemnon, who led the Greek army during the Trojan War. The Mycenaean civilization was culturally and economically rich and left behind many artifacts. But the mystery of her disappearance has not yet been solved.

Olmec civilization

Time of existence: 1400 BC
Location: Mexico.

The great pre-Columbian Olmec civilization once flourished in Mexico. The first traces of civilization date back to 1400 BC. The city of San Lorenzo has one of the three main Olmec centers with Tenochtitlan and Potrero Nuevo.

The Olmecs were master builders. Monuments of giant stone heads were found at their places of residence. This civilization laid the foundation for all subsequent Mesoamerican cultures. It is believed that the Olmecs were the first to develop a writing system; they probably invented the compass and the Mesoamerican calendar. They knew the use of bloodletting, made human sacrifices, and invented the concept of zero number. This civilization was not discovered by historians until the middle of the 19th century. Its decline was due to climate changes caused by volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and, possibly, a decrease in agricultural activity.

Nabataean civilization

Time of existence: 600 BC
Location: Jordan.

The Nabataean civilization flourished in southern Jordan, the Canaan region, and northern Arabia since the 6th century BC. The Semitic peoples built the spectacular city of Petra, carved into the sandstone cliffs of the Jordan Mountains. We also know about their talents in hydraulics and the complex system of dams, canals and reservoirs that allowed them to survive in the desert region.

Written records have not reached us, and we know almost nothing about their culture. Nevertheless, it was a thriving civilization, which, thanks to its geographic location, has established a trading network for the trade and exchange of ivory, silk, spices, precious metals and stones, incense, sugar, perfumes and medicines. Unlike other civilizations of that time, the Nabataeans did not know about slavery, and each contributed to the development of their state.

In the 4th century BC. the Nabataeans left Petra, and no one knows why. Archaeological evidence suggests that their departure was not hasty, and therefore was not associated with non-raids by warlike tribes. It is believed that the northward migration took place to find better jobs.

Empire of Axum

Time of existence: 100 A.D.
Location: Ethiopia.

The Aksum Empire began in the first century AD in what is now Ethiopia. Legend has it that this was the birthplace of the Queen of Sheba. Axum was important shopping center from where huge resources were exported Agriculture and gold to the Roman Empire and to India. It was a wealthy state and the first African culture to issue its own currency, which at the time was a sign of a great power.

The most distinctive monuments are the Aksum steles, giant carved obelisks that serve as funeral terminals for kings and nobles. The early Aksumites worshiped many gods, the chief of whom was Astar. Then, in 324, King Ezana II was converted to Christianity and became Axum. According to local legend, a Jewish queen named Yodit conquered the Axumite Empire and burned their churches and books. Others believe that it was the pagan queen of Bani al-Hamwiyya who caused the empire's decline. Other theories attribute the demise of the empire to climate change and overuse of soil, which led to famine. Aksum ranked second in the list of the most ancient civilizations that mysteriously disappeared from the face of the Earth.

Khmer empire

Time of existence: 1000-1400 AD
Location: Cambodia.

Khmer Empire, one of the most powerful empires and greatest lost civilizations in South-East Asia, which occupied the territories of modern Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar and Malaysia. The capital city of Angkor has become one of the most famous archaeological sites in Cambodia. This empire, which included up to a million people, flourished during the first millennium. The Khmers practiced Hinduism and Buddhism and built temples, towers and other elaborate structures such as Angkor Wat, a temple dedicated to the god Vishnu. The decline of the Khmer empire was attributed to a combination of factors, although most believe ruinous wars contributed to the disappearance of the empire. By the XIV century, the Khmer empire ceases to exist.

Whatever happens in the future, my dear reader, each of us can make every effort to prolong the life of our fragile civilization. I don’t know what its descendants will call (if they will), but I doubt that after its destruction, something will remain for them. We are standing on the edge of an abyss - this is a fact and whether a bridge is built across this abyss depends on you and me.

The culture

During its history, mankind has lost many civilizations. Explorers discover huge temples and giant treasure pits that were once stately palaces.

Why did people leave the once prosperous cities, centers and trade routes? There are often no answers to these questions.

Here are 10 civilizations whose disappearance is still a mystery.

1. Maya

The Mayan civilization is a classic example of a civilization that has been completely lost. Its monuments, cities and roads have swallowed up the jungle of Central America, and its inhabitants are scattered in small villages.

Although the Mayan language and traditions have survived to this day, civilization peaked in the first millennium AD, when stately architectural structures and large-scale agricultural projects covered most of the Yucatan. Today this territory stretches from Mexico to Guatemala and Belize.... The Maya made extensive use of writing, mathematics, intricate calendars, and sophisticated engineering to build pyramids and terraced fields.

It is believed that the mysterious decline of the Mayan civilization began around 900, and there are several assumptions about this. Among them there is evidence that climate change in Yucatan and civil wars have led to hunger and abandonment urban centers.

2. Indian civilization

The Indian or, as it is also called, the Harappan civilization is one of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. Thousands of years ago, it stretched across India, Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan and boasted 5 million inhabitants, which was about 10 percent of the entire population of the Earth.

Its trade routes, massive multi-storey buildings were abandoned more than 3000 years ago. There are several assumptions about the decline of the Indian civilization. According to the latest version, like Maya, this ancient civilization suffered from gradual changes in rainfall, which made it difficult to grow enough food for the huge population.

3. Easter Island

The inhabitants of Easter Island are yet another classic "lost" civilization made famous by the mysterious, huge statues of human heads that line coastline islands.

How did the thriving Polynesian civilization disappear after centuries of ancient monuments were built here, sailing hundreds of kilometers across the ocean from one island to another?

According to one hypothesis, the Rapanui inhabitants of Easter Island were very developed and intelligent, but their methods were not rational. At the time they settled on Easter Island between 700 and 1200 AD, they used all the trees and agricultural resources of the island and they had to move.

4. Chatal Huyuk

Chatal Huyuk, often called the most ancient city in the world was part of a major urban development and agricultural civilization that flourished between 9000 and 7000 years ago in what is now central Turkey.

Chatal Huyuk was distinguished by a unique structure, unlike other cities... There were no roads here, and instead the inhabitants erected what looked like a beehive, where houses were built on top of each other, and the entrance was located on the roof. It is believed that outside the walls, people grew everything that was possible, from almonds to wheat. Residents decorated the entrance to the house with skulls of bulls, and the bodies of the deceased were buried underground on the floor.

Civilization existed even before the Iron Age and before the advent of literacy, but, nevertheless, there is evidence that it was a highly developed society, including art and rituals. Why did people leave the city? There is no answer to this question yet.

5. Cahokia

Long before the Europeans arrived in North America, the so-called Mississippi built a large city surrounded by huge earthen pyramids - mounds and structures of wood, similar to Stonehenge, in order to track the movement of the stars.

The flourishing of civilization fell on AD 600-1400. and the city stretched over 15 sq. km with hundreds of mounds and a huge area in the center. Its population was about 40,000 people, many of whom were skilled artists, architects, farmers, who created amazing works of art from shells, copper and stone. It is not entirely clear what caused people to leave the city, but some archaeologists believe that perhaps disease and hunger have begun in the city and the people went to more favorable places.

6. Gebekli Tepe

One of the most mysterious structures discovered is the Gebekli Tepe complex, built around 10,000 BC. and located in the modern southern part of Turkey.

The complex is a series of round nesting structures decorated with carvings in the form of animals, which is probably served as a temple for nomadic tribes in this area... It was not a permanent residence, although several priests may have lived here all year round. It is the first permanent human-built structure to be discovered, and it probably represents the pinnacle of the local Mesopotamian civilization of that era.

What did people worship? Where did they come to this place? What else were they doing? At the moment, archaeologists are carefully working to provide answers to these questions.

7. Angkor

Many people have heard of the outstanding Angkor Wat temple in Cambodia. But this is just a small part of that huge civilization during the Khmer Empire, which was called Angkor. The city flourished during the late Middle Ages in AD 1000-1200 and was supported by about a million people.

There is many reasons for the decline of Angkor, from wars to natural disasters... Most of civilization is now buried in the jungle. It is still not clear how many people actually lived in the city, which was distinguished by its amazing architecture and Hindu culture. Some archaeologists believe that given all the roads and canals connecting many of its regions, it can be assumed that this is him was the largest city in the world at its heyday.

8. Turquoise Mountain

Although not all destroyed monuments represent lost civilizations, the Jama minaret is just such a structure. Built in 1100, this magnificent architectural structure was part of a city in Afghanistan. Archaeological excavations indicate that it was a multinational territory, where many religions coexisted, including Jewish, Christian and Muslim, whose representatives lived harmoniously here for hundreds of years.

Perhaps the unique minaret was part of the lost ancient capital of Afghanistan which is called Turquoise Mountain.

9. Nya

Now an abandoned place in the Taklamakan Desert in western China, Nya was a thriving city on the famous Silk Road 1600 years ago. Over the past two centuries, archaeologists have unearthed countless treasures in the dusty and shattered remains of what was once majestic city with wooden houses and temples.

In a sense, Nya is a relic of the lost civilization of the Great Silk Road that linked China to central Asia, Africa and Europe. Many people have traveled along the Silk Road, including wealthy merchants, pilgrims and scholars who exchanged ideas and created a complex, enlightened culture wherever the Silk Road passed. The ancient route underwent many changes, but its importance as a trade route declined during the Mongol Empire and fell into decay in the 1300s.

10. Nabta Playa

Around 7000 - 6500 BC An incredible urban community has emerged in what is now the Egyptian Sahara.

The people who live here domesticated livestock, engaged in farming, pottery and left behind stone structures that indicate the study of astronomy. Archaeologists believe that the inhabitants of Nabta Playa were the forerunners of the civilization that reigned in the major cities of the Nile that appeared in Egypt thousands of years ago.

Although the Nabta civilization is now located in an arid region, it originated at a time when rainfall was different, filling the area with a lake, which allowed this culture to flourish.

Amazing cities, kingdoms ruins of palaces, strangely preserved statues ... and mysteriously disappeared inhabitants.

Ankor Wat
The golden age of the Khmer civilization fell on the period between the 9th and 13th centuries during the kingdom of Cambuja, whose name later gave Cambodia its name. He ruled over vast territories from the capital Angkor in western Cambodia. During the reign of Jayavarman VII, Cambuja reached a political and cultural heyday, which is now evident from the ruins of this palace, the central towers of which symbolize the peaks of Mount Meru - the center of the universe according to Hinduism, and on the towers are the smiling faces of the gods carved from stone.

Ruins of Anuradhapura
It is the former capital of Sri Lanka during the heyday of the ancient Lankan civilization. This place is considered one of the most sacred, most important and longest inhabited among the ancient Lankan cities. The city was built around 380 BC and flourished until the population was resettled to Polonnaruwa in the 10th century AD. Today, sacred to Buddhists and Hindus, this city is surrounded by monasteries.

Kingdom of Hugo, Tibet
The mysterious Tibetan kingdom, founded by the son of King Glang Dharma, was formed around the 10th century, and then, 700 years later, collapsed under mysterious circumstances. Its population of tens of thousands of people has sunk without a trace. Ruins to this day lie on the slopes of Ngari, famous for their Buddhist monasteries, snow-capped mountains and lakes. The preserved frescoes within the walls of this city, showing the daily life of its former inhabitants, are very important, as well as the unique amazing statue of Buddha, made of gold and silver.

Humpy
Hampi is located among the ruins of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the empire now known as the village of Karnataka, India. Perhaps because of this ancient city and the temple located in it, the village, which is located nearby, is considered the most important religious center. Since the village itself is located in the center of Vijayanagar, it is often confused with the ancient city itself. This place is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Kingdom of Kerma
This kingdom was a rival Ancient egypt in the period from about 2500 BC and up to 1520 BC. It was founded in Upper Nubia, now roughly between Sudan and east coast Nile - and was the main trading center in the Middle Kingdom during the time of Egypt. There is a cemetery in this place: where you can see many large mounds, which are the tombs of the emperors. Some archaeologists believe that the kingdom of Kerma may have been associated with the legendary Kingdom of Kush mentioned in Genesis.

There were three Kushite kingdoms: the first was called Kerma, as the capital of the same name, and existed from 2400 to 1500. BC.; the second was Napata (1000–300 BC) and the third was Meroe (300 BC - 300 AD). Initially, the Nubians were under the influence of their northern neighbors, but as a result, the Nubian tribes were able to conquer Egypt, the king of Napata ruled as a pharaoh of the 25th dynasty until the Assyrian conquest in 656 BC.

Nubian pyramids
Buried Kingdom of Kotte
This kingdom is located on the border of the present city of Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka, it flourished in the territory of the present state in the 15th century. Its ruler was the last hereditary one who managed to unite all the peoples of Sri Lanka. By 1450, Parkamab VI completed the unification. Literature and the arts flourished during his reign.

Kingdom of Koguro
Scattered throughout the Chinese provinces of Jilin and Liaoning are the remains of three cities - the mountain city of Wunu, Guonei and the mountain city of Wandu - these are the sites of 14 royal tombs. All of these cities once belonged to the Koguro culture, named after the dynasty of the same name, whose representatives ruled in different parts of northern China and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula from 277 BC to 668 AD.

Sabaen kingdom
The Sabaenians lived in what is now Yemen between 2000 BC and until the 8th century AD. This temple was recently discovered in Sirvaa, located east of Sanaa. Known as Almaga, the temple is in excellent condition with wide entrances and large interior rooms. Everything is made of wood and stone, and the tower-like projections weigh about 6 tons. 7 huge columns were lifted with a crane-like mechanism. The front of the temple is adorned with two huge sculptures of the Sabi kings.

Sukhothai Historical Park
Located in the north of Thailand. This city was the capital of the state of the same name, the heyday of which fell on the period of 13-14 centuries. The city walls form a rectangular space of 70 square kilometers, each wall has a gate. Inside you can find the remains of the royal palace and 26 temples, the largest of which is Wat Mahatha. The park is protected by the Department of the Arts of Thailand and is also listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park is visited by many people to see and admire the ancient Buddha figure, the palace ruined complex and the ruins of temples.