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Guide

Java is the most famous island in the Big Sunda Islands... It is located near Sumatra and attracts thousands of tourists every year. Rich culture, unique flora and fauna, specificity of local color, authentic atmosphere- all this makes the island especially popular among visitors.

There are several options for interpreting the name of the island. The first says that the word "Java" is translated from the ancient Indonesian language as "dwelling". According to another version, the name of the island comes from the Sanskrit word "barley". Until now, researchers cannot determine the exact meaning of the name.

By its origin, Java belongs to both mainland and volcanic natural objects. The island's landscape is based on a long mountain range stretching along the central part. Along everything mountain range there are more than 110 volcanoes of various sizes. The highest point is the Semeru volcano, which is still active. In addition, there are many water areas on the island.

Archaeological excavations indicate that the first man set foot on the land of the island in the second century BC. In the third century AD, urban settlements were formed in Java and statehood appeared. One of the most prosperous states was called Mataram and existed for many years.

At the end of the 13th century, Java was ruled by Kublai Khan, who created a great empire on the island. It existed for over 200 years, after which it disintegrated. In the 17th century, the island was occupied by the Dutch, under whose influence many European colonies appeared in Java. However, after World War II, the island became part of independent state Indonesia.

How to get there

The fastest and most convenient way to get to Java from Russia is by plane. Soekarno-Hatta International Airport International Airport daily takes several dozen flights from different parts of the world. Aircraft of such air carriers as Emirates, Qatar Airways, Singapur Airlines, Thai Airways operate from large Russian cities to Jakarta. At the same time, you will spend from 17 to 22 hours on the flight and make a transfer in Singapore, Dubai, Bangkok or Doha.

It is better to buy tickets in advance, as travel to Java is in demand all year round. In order to find a cheaper option, regularly monitor the airlines' offers and follow the price changes.

If you are already in Indonesia, then you can try to get to Java by ferry. The Pelni company provides tourists with the opportunity to ride a ferry. However, take into account the fact that ferries do not differ in an increased level of comfort and the lack of free seats is the main problem of this type of transport. A ferry ticket is bought either at the box office at the pier, or on a specialized website.

The railroad is another way to get to Java. The railway service connects the cities of Jakarta, Semarang, Surakarta, Bandung, Jogdzhu. When purchasing a ticket, pay attention to the class of the carriage. All three of them. The first class involves traveling in a comfortable compartment and air conditioning, the second class is a seating area, and the third is a wooden bench.

Features of the hotel base

The choice of accommodation in Java is huge, from guesthouses to five-star hotels. There are several options that suit different categories of tourists: apartments; hostels; bungalow; hotels.

Couples and large companies often choose to rent apartments or guesthouses. Such housing will be inexpensive, and its size will pleasantly surprise you. Guesthouses, as a rule, are located in the sleeping areas of the island. The price of the apartment includes a standard set of services: bedding, kitchen and bathroom accessories, a parking space, free internet, a sitting area in the garden. You can also rent cozy bungalows on the coast with beautiful views of the surrounding landscape.

Hostel accommodation is geared towards students or solo travelers. This type of housing in Java is considered to be very inexpensive and clean. Recently, hostels have begun to be built in every district. The cost of a room depends on the location, conditions and occupancy.

As for hotels, you won't have any problems finding them. Hotels are traditionally divided into different categories and differ in cost. The most expensive ones are in the central part of the island, and the cheapest ones are on the outskirts. A special system of discounts has been developed for tourists, which allows them to book rooms at an affordable price.

sights

A few kilometers from Surabaya there is a rare national park called Bromo-Tenger-Semeru. On an area of ​​over 750 square meters, there are forests, volcanoes, waterfalls with their own unique ecosystem. Visitors note the unusual nature of the park's landscapes, since most of it is covered with volcanic sand. Thousands of years ago, tribes lived in the park, from which this natural object and got its name. The pearl of Bromo-Tenger-Semeru is the five volcanoes. They are close to each other, and their appearance is shrouded in legends. According to one of them, if you go up to the crater of the volcano, then there you can see the entrance to the afterlife. Thanks to this legend, the popularity of the park is growing every day, as many tourists want to reach the top of mystical volcanoes.

Be sure to visit temple complex Borobudur, located 35 kilometers from Jakarta. Scientists still disagree about the date and authors of this architectural artifact. For a long time, the shrine could not be found due to the fact that it was hidden in the dense thickets of the jungle. After the discovery of this amazing masterpiece, tourists rushed to it in order to get better acquainted with the traditional culture of the island. Presumably, the complex was built in the 8-9 centuries.

Connoisseurs of large-scale architectural projects will love Water palace Taman Sari, founded by one of the rulers of Java in the 18th century. The complex is formed by the premises of the palace, fountains, a lake, rest rooms and picturesque places for meditation. A large amount of money was allocated from the local budget for the palace, which made it possible to create a masterpiece of incredible beauty and harmony.

If you want to get to know more about the nature of Java, then visit Botanical Garden Bogor. It is considered one of the largest in Indonesia and is known outside the country. The garden area is 88 hectares, where more than 14,000 plants from different parts of the world grow. The garden has the largest collection of orchids. They are located in special greenhouses and delight visitors all year round.

Beach vacation

The pride of the island of Java is its magnificent beaches, stretching for several kilometers. All beaches are united into tourist zones, which differ slightly from each other. The difference is only in the level of infrastructure and features of the surrounding landscape.

Couples with children strive to get to Karita beach, where there are all conditions for a quiet pastime, as well as diving or snorkeling. There is a separate area for children on the beach with buoys, rescue posts and game rooms... Moreover, coastline the beach is covered with fine sand, and the entrance to the water is comfortable and gentle. While resting on Carita, you can enjoy the view of the majestic Krakatoa volcano.

Be sure to include in your excursion program visit to Panaitan Island with its beautiful beaches. You can come to the island only with the permission of the local authorities, since its territory is considered closed to outsiders.

The western part of Java is famous for its resort of Asnier. Here you will find an abundance of restaurants, beaches, hotels for every taste. Also on Asnieres there is an old lighthouse built by Dutch colonists. Hundreds of tourists come to see it every year.

Exotic lovers should go to Plengkung Beach, which is famous for hosting surfing competitions on its territory. The waves here reach heights of 2-6 meters, which is ideal for professional surfers. Competitions have international status and participation in them is considered very prestigious.

If you want to surprise the kids, then head to Sukamade Beach. A fascinating sight awaits you here: hundreds of little turtles hatch from eggs and strive for the water surface. Also on the beach you can swim and enjoy the amazing views of the sunset. The only disadvantage of Sukamade is the lack of mobile communications and the Internet.

What to bring

Java's shops and markets are overflowing with original products that tourists often buy for family and friends. A wide range is presented in the capital of the island, however, in small resorts you can find what to bring with you. Of the most popular things that come from Java:

• wooden masks for celebrations or ritual activities;
• genuine leather goods;
• caskets and jewelry covered with mother-of-pearl;
• items made of porcelain, pewter, stone, silver;
• dolls made in the national technique;
• umbrellas, rattan bags, paintings, panels;
• unusual ceramic dishes with traditional painting;
• fabrics made using a special technique;
• sandalwood figurines and figurines.

At local markets, tourists often buy aromatic spices, sweets, jasmine petal tea, soy milk and other unusual products.

The most famous and one of the most expensive types of coffee, Kopi Luwak, is exported from Java. The peculiarities of its production were created not by man, but by nature itself: a small musang animal from the vivver family eats the fruits of coffee trees, and people only have to collect the grains that have passed through the musang digestive system.

Java is part of the Greater Sunda Islands and is located near Sumatra. Scientists to this day cannot understand why it received such a name. There are several theories. According to one of them, the word "Java" is of Proto-Indonesian origin and is translated as "house". Some scholars believe that the name comes from Sanskrit and means either "barley" or "lying on the other side."

basic information

Experts attribute Java to both mainland and volcanic islands. This is due to the fact that at its base lies a long mountain range stretching through the central part of the island.

The highest point is the Semeru volcano, which has retained its activity to the present day. In general, over 120 volcanoes can be counted over the entire area of ​​the ridge. The central part of the island has a mountainous landscape, but it is worth going down to the coast as you find yourself in a swamp.

There are a lot of rivers and lakes here, among which Dzhangari, Jatiluhur, and Sungai deserve special attention.

The first man on the island appeared, presumably, in the second millennium BC. e. Scientists suggest that he most likely came from the island of Sumatra. Around the 3rd century AD, cities appeared on the island and the first state formations were formed. One of the very first was Sakalanagara, which gave rise to Tarumu, Sundu and Mataram. The latter has a rich past and a long history of rule. Over time, it fell into decay and split into several small state formations.

At the end of the 13th century, an expedition was assembled to Java led by the Mongol Khan Kublai, famous for his conquest of China. The empire he created on the island extended its influence to almost all the Sunda Islands. After a couple of centuries, it greatly weakened and disintegrated into a number of Muslim states.

In the 17th century, European invaders began to penetrate Java. On the coast, they created a huge number of colonies and trading posts. The Dutch were very active in the conquest. Step by step, they subdued all the islands of the Sunda archipelago, founding the trading post city of Batavia, which is known to contemporaries as Jakarta - the capital. Immediately after the end of World War II, Indonesia becomes independent and annexes Java.

Time has passed and today the island of Java is the largest cultural, historical and political center of Indonesia with a well-developed infrastructure.

Population of Java

According to recent estimates, the island's population has long surpassed 140 million. Thus, Java is recognized as the most populous island in the world. The ethnic composition is diverse, but the majority of the inhabitants are Indonesian-Javanese. In addition, in the composition you can meet Sundans, Madurians and immigrants from, who came at different times. The official language throughout the island is Malay. It is not uncommon to hear Chinese and Javanese dialects.

The main occupation of the local population is agriculture. The villagers grow rice and other cereals. The cities have developed industries: textiles, electronics, mining and processing.

The largest city on the island is Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia. It is home to over 9 million people. Next in terms of size and number of inhabitants are Semarang, Serang, Bandung and others.

Weather on the island of Java

The climate of the island is determined by its location relative to the equator. It is always warm and very humid here. There are no sharp changes in temperature, even despite the pronounced seasonality. The average air temperature is kept at 24 degrees.

Showers and hurricanes are always short-lived here.

Flora and fauna

The flora is not particularly exotic and unique. Lianas, bamboo, huge ficuses grow in tropical forests. Above sea level, the variety of vegetation becomes richer. You can find oaks, chestnuts and some types of conifers.

The fauna of the island is much more interesting and varied. Java is home to over 150 species of animals. Among which there are many endemics.

The island's cuisine is considered the most exotic. The main components of the dishes are rice, vegetables, beef. Local fruits, which are abundant in Java, are very popular. If you really want to try real traditional food, you should go to small cafes where the local population eats. They are always tasty and very cheap, unlike restaurants, where guides constantly lead. However, even here you can find exotic things.

In the village of Tuban, earth pies are popular. They are prepared from silty soil from rice fields. According to local residents, this dish is considered nutritious and very healthy. The population of the village tries not to talk about the taste of the pies.

The Javanese drink cane juice, ginger tea, local Tuak beer and palm vodka.

In Indonesia, Bali is the most famous and loved by tourists, but Java also has a lot of interesting things. The beaches on the island are covered with white, coarse sand, and the sea is always clean. In addition, in local cities there are many attractions that can surprise any tourist. Let's get to know the most popular places on the island of Java.

Bromo-Tenger-Semeru National Park

Bromo National Park is located near the city of Surabaya. This is one of the most amazing sights of Indonesia, which attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists every year. The park covers an area of ​​over 800 sq. meters. On its territory there is a huge number of dense forests, waterfalls and several active volcanoes. Thanks to them, most of the national park is covered with black, volcanic sand, which creates a special alien effect. The park got its name from local tribe- tenggers and two mountains.

The park is unique due to five volcanoes, which, according to legend, lead to the underworld. You can climb to the top on foot or by jeep. This place is wildly popular with tourists and is rightfully considered the highlight of the island.

Temple complex Borobudur

The temple complex is located 40 kilometers from Jakarta. This place is not only considered the highlight of the city, but is also known throughout the world. It was erected around the 8-9th century. For a long time, the temple complex was hidden from human eyes in the shadow of a dense jungle, covered with tons of volcanic dust. The ancient structure still remains a mystery to scientists. No one can give an exact answer when and by whom Borobudur was built. Also, no one can understand why he was left after the eruption of one of the five volcanoes.

Seen from the side, the entire temple complex resembles a huge 34-meter bell. By its structure, it is a pyramid, the base of which is made up of several large concrete slabs. Carved bell-shaped stupas are installed on them. Inside each stupa are Buddha statues.

Temple complex Prambanan

It is an amazing landmark dating back to the 9th century. The temple complex is located a few kilometers from Jakarta. Prambanan is considered the largest in Indonesia. There is a huge statue of Shiva inside the temple. Prambanan is often called the temple of Shiva Lara Jongrang. On the sides of the main temple are small structures that represent the sacred animals of Indonesia. Also on the territory of Prambanan there are numerous tombs and rooms for sacrifices. Recently, the temple complex was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

This ancient structure it was destroyed more than once. All the fault were numerous earthquakes, as well as the volcanic activity of Merapi. For more than a hundred years, restoration work has been carried out to restore Prambanan.

Mount Merapi

Mount Merapi is the most active volcano in Indonesia. He constantly smokes. Small eruptions occur every two years, but large eruptions occur every 15 years. The last time strong volcanic activity was observed in 2006. Thanks to this, Merapi is one of the ten most active volcanoes in the world.

Such fame does not prevent the local population from living at the very bottom, and tourists from climbing to the very top. The beauties, revealed from a great height, surprise and amaze.

Old city

The old city is located in Jakarta and covers an area of ​​about 1.5 square meters. kilometers. This place is cultural center, who collected the largest number of ancient monuments. The first settlement on this territory was created in the 14th century. Then the port was built. Over time, more and more objects appeared in the city. The Dutch made a great contribution to the development of the Old City, who built amazingly beautiful temples. The site is currently listed as a World Heritage Site.

Many different cultures are collected in the Old Town. That is why this place has a special atmosphere that attracts thousands of tourists.

Taman Sari Water Palace

The palace was founded in the 18th century by the ruler of Jakarta. The complex included rooms for leisure, main palace, lake, pool. The building was under construction for several years with money allocated from the state treasury. Taman Sari at that time was a real work of art. The palace had its own individual sewerage system. The castle was separated from the outside world by a huge dug channel. The water supply was made from the lake. Some rooms had warm, underfloor heating.

In addition, a large network of underground passages was dug under the palace, which connected some rooms to each other. O magnificent garden The palace complex has always been legendary. That is why the castle is called Taman Sari, which translates as “blooming garden”. Today, ruins remain of the once majestic structure. Some part of the territory is inhabited by local residents. V last years restoration of the palace complex is underway. The pool and several rooms have been restored and are open to the public.

Botanical Garden of Bogor

This is one of the most famous places on the island. The garden is located near Jakarta in the West Java province. In another way it is called "Kebun Raya". The entire territory of the botanical garden has a huge area of ​​87 hectares. In addition, 4 branches of Kebun Raya are scattered across the island of Java. In the collection of the garden there are more than 15 thousand of the most diverse plants, which make up 6,000 species. In this place, you can still see plants planted at the founding of Kebun Raya. In addition to endemic plants, there are many specimens brought from other countries, as well as rare species.

Bogorsky Garden is also called the center for the study of nature. And not in vain, since scientists from all over the world constantly come here. Kebun Raya Gate is constantly open to numerous visitors. Here you can not only take a break from the bustle of the city, but also learn a lot by visiting the Zoological and Botanical Museum. One of the main exhibits of the Bogorsky Garden is the collection of orchids. Some species of this amazing flower are found in indoor greenhouses, while others grow on open-air lawns.

Sea of ​​sands

The sea of ​​sands is a unique sight and is located in a large caldera with a diameter of 10 kilometers. For millennia, majestic volcanoes have spewed tons of lava rock, which eventually turned into a large one. Once here, you plunge into a special atmosphere.

The landscape that opens up to the eye is very similar to the surface of the moon. A special effect is added by the foggy haze over the crater, which constantly hangs over the volcano.

Thousand Islands

On the north coast of Java, you can see a huge number of small islets. From a great height, it seems as if there are more than a thousand of them. However, calculations showed that there are about 115 continental formations in this area. Their number may vary depending on the ebb and flow. So Jakarta is the only place on the territory of which there are more than a hundred islands.

Java is the most populous and diverse island in Indonesia. He took a little bit from different parts of this country, which allows a tourist to collect a lot of impressions and experience a wide variety of emotions in a short time. Java excites, relaxes, amuses, but leaves no one indifferent. Here, large-scale plains and terraces used in agriculture border bustling cities and muddy villages. The island has very beautiful temples, huge stone Buddhas, mosques, ancient armories and unusual architecture of the colonial era. Numerous stories are not able to convey emotions fully, but they can spur the interest of future travelers.

Geographic features

Java - large island as part of the Greater Sunda Islands. The capital of Indonesia, Jakarta, is located here. The area of ​​the island is 132 thousand km². It is very densely populated with more than 140 million inhabitants. The island is elongated and almost parallel to the equator. A third of the territory is occupied by dense jungle of mangrove forests. Ridges of mountains stretch along the entire island from west to east, among them you can find 120 dormant and active volcanic craters. The highest point is located at the peak of the Semeru volcano, 3676 m high. More than a quarter of volcanoes are constantly active. This is not always accompanied by destruction and lava flows, some craters simply release a small trickle of steam several times a year. Major eruptions occur every seven years.

Java's surface is dotted with rivers that feed vast fields and serve as a source drinking water... The largest channels are Solo, Chimanuk, Brantas.

Climate

Java is located in the tropical zone, the weather is unchanged throughout the year. The climate on the island is humid and hot, the air temperature is between + 26 ... + 29 ° C, and its humidity is 75-95%. The greatest amount of precipitation occurs in November-February, but even at this time you should not give up your trip. Prolonged rains and prolonged cloudy weather do not happen. All moisture falls to the ground in 1-3 hours. The average rainfall for the island is 1100 mm per year. Moreover, in the east this figure is 900 mm, and in the west it reaches 3000 mm.

Population and religion

The inhabitants of the island are divided into three main ethnic groups:

• Javanese;
• Sudanese;
• Madurians.

In terms of religious composition, Muslims predominate in Java (87%), there are also Protestants, Catholics, Buddhists and Hindus. However, in its pure form, none of these religions can be found here. They are very closely intertwined with each other and with ancient animistic beliefs. Thus, Muslims partially perform the rituals of Buddhism or Hinduism. Some temple buildings contain a Hindu-style base and a Buddhist top and roof. Some mosques have Hindu roofs.

Kitchen

On the island, as in most tropical countries, a huge amount of fruit is sold. Their prices are quite reasonable. The local cuisine is considered the most Europeanized, so you won't find much exotic here. The dishes use spicy rice, beef, legumes, vegetables and chicken. Popular drinks include ginger tea, coffee, cane juice, Tuak beer, and Arak vodka.

Unique Jakarta

The largest and most interesting city is the capital Jakarta. It is very diverse and densely populated. Here, a variety of buildings, including the era of the colonists, mixed with local neighborhoods near picturesque canals. Several unusual buildings are located on the central square, approaching close to the waterways of the city. There are expositions of the historical museum nearby. A little further there is the Wayang doll exhibition, the Chinese area, the temple and the port.

To continue your acquaintance with the sights of Jakarta, you will have to go to the second city center (Medan-Murdek Square). There is a huge monument and a museum with the largest historical and ethnic collections.

Those wishing to take a break from historical excursions should go to the south, where several entertainment and educational parks are located at once:

• Jaya Ankol Park;
• Water Palace;
• Ragunan Zoo;
• entertainment center Taman-Ismail-Marzuki;
• Taman-Mini miniature park;

sights

The hearts and minds of travelers who have left Jakarta's borders are conquered by no less striking sights. The most monumental, striking in its size, is the Borobudur complex of temples. It is listed as a UNESCO heritage and is the basis of the cosmopolitan Buddhist model. Travelers and pilgrims begin their journey in Borobudur from the base of the hill along a long, winding staircase. It offers beautiful views of the terraces and buildings.

Many tourists are attracted by the "Valley of the Kings" - a plain covered with ruins, in the center of which there is another temple complex - Paramban. This historical monument recognized as the finest on the island.

The Javanese themselves honor and offer tourists to admire the Sultan's palace in Yogyart - Kraton. They call it "the navel of the world." Visitors can see how the life of the Sultan was organized, the furnishings of the rooms, adjacent buildings. In accordance with the preferences of the Sultan, there are many elements of animism and Hinduism in the setting.

For lovers of natural parks in Surabaya, there are two nature reserves at once, which have collected 200 species of orchids, many birds and animals.

Excursions to active volcano Bromo, from the upper hills of which it is possible to look into the constantly smoking mouth.

Beaches

Java is a cluster of industry and cultural attractions. Beach infrastructure has begun to develop here over the last decade. Most suitable for beach holiday are the southern and western parts of the island. People come here to swim, sunbathe, dive and windsurf. The beaches are very wide, covered with fine white sand with islands of palm trees. They are washed by transparent azure waves.

The most prestigious beaches are located near Badung: Karang Bolongi Anyer. A mountain panorama appears before the gaze of vacationers on the Asnieres beach, and there is also an old lighthouse nearby. From entertainment on the territory are offered water skiing, parasailing, boat trips.

In the western part of Java, on Tanjung Lesung Beach, there are many resort complexes with private beaches, among which there is also a paid public area. All beaches are well equipped.

Lovers of privacy and tranquility will love the Karita beach. It is quiet enough, protected from strong tides and waves. The territory was chosen by tourists with children and snorkelling enthusiasts. Not far from the coast, there are brightly colored fish and small corals. From the beach you can admire the panorama of the Krakatoa volcano, which is beautiful in the midday sun and in the rays of sunset. Most vacationers take great pictures from here.

How to get there?

In the capital of Indonesia - Jakarta is located a large international Airport... There are flights from Moscow to Jakarta with a transfer in Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok or others large cities... Among the offers of airlines, you can choose the one that suits the price, duration of flights or the number of transfers. Inland, there are flights from Jakarta to Surabaya or Yogyakarta. The flight duration is about an hour.

To visit Indonesia, citizens of the Russian Federation just need to apply for a visa for 30 days according to a simplified scheme upon arrival or in advance at the consulate. You will need a photo and a passport, the validity of which is at least 6 months longer than the end date of the trip.

Java is one of the most famous islands Indonesian archipelago. There, among hundreds of volcanoes and spectacular landscapes of the Dieng Plateau, a wide variety of examples of equatorial flora and fauna are presented, many temples, sanctuaries, mosques and palaces have been preserved, as well as original folk crafts flourish - batik, work on silver and gold, arms business.

Despite the fact that Java is the fifth largest island in Indonesia, more than 65% of the country's population lives on it, about 130 million people. Java is the most populous island in the world.

How to get to Java

You can fly to the island by plane, there are quite a few large airports that host both local and international flights - in Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, Solo and Yogyakarta. The local aircraft Garuda, Merpati and Lion Air, as well as AirAsia, Cathay Pacific, JAL, etc. regularly land here. It is most convenient to arrive from Moscow on a regular basis via Dubai.

You can even get to Java by water. Ferries arrive in Jakarta from North Sumatra and West Kalimantan, Surabaya from South Sulawesi and Madura, Banten from South Sumatra, and East Java from Bali.

Search for flights to Jakarta (closest airport to Java)

Transport

Now the infrastructure in Java is considered the best in Indonesia, and there should be no problems with transport. However, do not forget about the density of the population and you need to be prepared for huge crowds during rush hours.

Buses are the most convenient and cheapest form of transport in Java, which is equally well suited for small trips around the city, and for moving from one end of the island to the other. The fare is from 2000 to 5000 IDR. Train tickets are somewhat more expensive, but the railways are also the best in the country.

The toll roads on the island are almost as good as those in Europe, and travel on them costs very little, so if you have a license, it will be quite convenient to rent a car. However, there are few signs on the roads, and local motorists have an extremely self-destructive driving style. If you are not completely confident in your abilities, you can pay a little extra and, in addition to the car, get a personal driver.

Java maps

Weather in Java

Java has a tropical climate and there are almost no noticeable temperature changes throughout the year. Only two seasons are pronounced on the island - from November to February it rains here, and the rest of the time it is dry. Humidity throughout the island is quite high - usually 75-95%, and the temperature is kept at the level of +26 ... + 29 ° С all year round.

You can visit Java absolutely at any time - absolutely nothing happens to the climate here that could interfere with a pleasant stay. See also the current weather forecast in the capital of Java, Jakarta, for 10 days.

Popular hotels in Java

Kitchen

In general, Java's cuisine is quite adapted to European tastes and is considered the most non-exotic in all of Indonesia. The main ingredients of the local dishes are vegetables, legumes, chicken, beef and rice, which are found in most of the recipes. In addition, a wide variety of fresh fruits are consumed on the island in huge quantities. The tastiest and most traditional food can be found (as is usually the case) in small cafes, where prices are quite low, and most of the visitors are locals.

However, there are also extremely unusual recipes here. For example, in the village of Tuban, located in East Java, pies are made from the ground. They use silty soil from rice fields and are considered extremely healthy. True, local residents usually refrain from commenting on their taste.

The most popular drinks are juice made from sugar cane, ginger tea, tuak beer, made from palm flowers, and a local palm vodka called arak.

Guides in Java

Java entertainment and attractions

Jakarta, the capital and the most Big city Indonesia, located on the northwest coast of Java. This city is an original mixture of numerous buildings of the 17th and 18th centuries, canals and many national quarters, each of which has its own unique appearance. One of the centers of the old city is Taman-Fatahil Square in the Kota district, surrounded by old buildings overlooking the canal bank. Nearby are the Historical Museum of Jakarta, the ancient Si-Yago cannon, the Wayang Museum of Dolls and Ritual Accessories, the Chicken Market Bridge, the ancient port of Sunda Kelapa and the Glodak Chinese district with the oldest temple in the city of Jinge Yuan. The second recognized center of the capital is Medan Merdeka Square (Freedom Square) with a 132-meter National Monument, the National Museum of Indonesia with unique historical and ethnological collections, the Museum national history and the Museum of the Institute of Indonesian Culture.

Children (and not only children) will be interested in the famous Ragunan zoo in the south of the city, the Taman-Mini (Mini-Indonesia) park of colossal richness of expositions, the Water Palace, the Taman-Ismail- cultural and entertainment complex. Marzuki ", as well as the largest and most popular recreation park in Jakarta" Jaya Ankol ".

In the city of Bogor, located near the capital, which has long been considered one of the best mountain climatic resorts countries, the summer presidential palace Sokarno with the Zoological Museum, the former residence of the Governor-General of the Netherlands East Indies and the world famous Kebun Raya botanical garden are interesting.

In the south of the island, 42 km north-west of Yogyakarta, there is a unique monument of medieval Indonesian art - the Borobudur Stupa.

In the west of the island, the mountain resort of Bandung is interesting, with many museums, Dago waterfall, picturesque surroundings of Tangkuban Praia volcano and Situpatengang Lake. In the vicinity of the city, the prestigious beaches of Anyer and Karang Bolong, hot volcanic springs in Chiater, tea plantations in Punchak, a mountain safari park, as well as the Kulon National Park and Maribaya hot springs, surrounded by volcanic landscapes, attract attention. They are considered the best trekking destinations in the country.

Yogyakarta attracts attention with the huge palace complex "Sultansky Kraton" with the "water castle" Taman Sari, the Crafts Center of Jakarta and the Art Institute "Agastya", the museums "Sono-Badoyo" and "Benteng-Vredeburg".

In the south of the island, 42 km north-west of Yogyakarta, there is a unique monument of medieval Indonesian art - the Borobudur Stupa ("monastery on the mountain" or "temple of a thousand Buddhas"). The five-kilometer “Processional Road” spirals around the majestic structure, symbolizing perfection and the path of cognition of the spiritual principle in man. It is the largest Buddhist monument in the southern hemisphere.

There is another one on the island architectural masterpiece- the ancient Prambanan temple, located between the cities of Yogyakarta and Solo, the largest Hindu temple complex in Java.

Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta. In the immediate vicinity of its industrial areas, there are the best attractions of the local nature: the reserves "Baluran" and "Meru-Metiri", as well as the active volcano Bromo, located at an altitude of 2400 m above sea level.

Java is one of the Indonesian islands. In the north, it is washed by the Java Sea, and the Indian Ocean in the south. the island is 1000 kilometers long. On the north side, the closest island is Borneo, on the east, Christmas Island, and on the west, Sumatra. More than half of Indonesians live in Java. Here is the capital of this island nation – .

There are only two seasons on the island: in winter, from October to February, it rains, while the humidity sometimes reaches almost 100%, and the rest of the time, in summer, it is sunny and warm. The air temperature is almost the same, within 27-35 degrees. Thanks to this feature, thousands of tourists come here to relax and get to know the natural wonders and culture of Java.

The history of Indonesia is closely connected with the island: in the Middle Ages, it was in Java that the Majapahit empire flourished, the ancient states of Demak and Mataram were born here, and later Java became the center of the colonial East India Company. In addition, it was here that the struggle for freedom and independence unfolded in the middle of the last century.
Today Java is a major economic, cultural and political center of the state.

How to get to Java island

There are several airports on the island, so you can get here from anywhere in the world. The ports also accept ships and ferries.
The most accessible and common form of transport is buses, which are ideal for both short trips around the city and longer trips around the island. If you wish, you can rent a car, especially since the quality of local roads is not inferior to European ones. There is also Railway, which is recognized as the best in Indonesia.

Java island nature

The island is famous for its unique nature: a chain of volcanoes stretches along its entire length, many of them extinct, but about 30 active, are a unique sight. Gorgeous landscapes give way to equally impressive beaches, and the jungle gives way to gushing hot springs.
The third part of the island is covered with impenetrable jungle. Interestingly, only in Java are there such species of animals as the Javanese leopard, Javanese pig, green peacock.

Java landmarks

A huge number of historical relics from different eras have been preserved on the island. Thanks to the unique layering of religions, which can be found only here, many sanctuaries, mosques and palaces are scattered throughout the territory.
The most developed and popular with tourists are Jakarta, Surabaya, Jogyakarta.

Jakarta has a unique look. Here Islamic, European, Hindu and Buddhist cultures are intertwined, which is reflected in the architectural and historical appearance of the city. Town Square Taman-Fatahila is surrounded by ancient palaces: historical national museum, which contains exhibits related to the multi-thousand-year history of the island, the Chikken Market Bridge, the old city port of Sunda Kelapa. You should definitely visit Medan Merdek - the square on which there is a monument symbolizing the struggle for independence. Its top is covered with 35 kg of pure gold, and at the very top it is built observation deck, which offers a beautiful panorama of the city and the impressive surroundings. The most ancient temple in the city of Jinge Yuan is located in the Chinese region. Another favorite place for tourists is the “Mini-Indonesia” park.

In addition, there are endless beaches and azure warm sea. Many hotels have been erected on the coast and all conditions have been created for an unforgettable vacation.
The world's largest zoo, Ragunan, is located not far from Jakarta.
The place was chosen by both tourists and Javanese who like to have picnics here.
Surobaya is one of the largest cities in Indonesia. In addition to numerous museums and temples, it is worth visiting the reserves of Meru Metiri and Baluran.
Not far from the capital is Bogora - one of the most popular mountain resorts country. The most interesting for acquaintance are the presidential residence of Sokarno, which has its own zoological museum, and the palace of the Dutch governor of the East Indies, and the Kebun Raya botanical garden, stretching over 80 hectares.
There is another mountain resort of amazing beauty on the island - Bandung. Jalan Chiham-Pelas and Dago are especially popular; shops and offices are located on these streets. Outside the city are the beaches of Karang Bolong and Anyer.
The city of Jogya, or Jogyakarta, is famous for temples from different times and cultures. Huge muslim architectural complex Sultan Craton, Taman-Sari Castle, Sono Badoyo Historical Museum - these are the main attractions.

South of Jogya, 45 km away, there is the architectural complex Borobudur Stupa - the largest Buddhist structure, which is a pyramid encircled in a spiral by a many kilometers road, symbolizing the spiritual beginning.
Between Jogyakarta and the town of Solo, there is another ancient Hindu masterpiece that deserves attention -. The most popular temples are Chandi Sari, Chandi Sevu and Chandi Kalasan.

Landscapes and volcanoes

There are picturesque tea plantations in the vicinity, hot underground springs... It is worth visiting the Dago waterfall, the Tangkuban Perahu volcano.
There are many natural parks and reserves on the island. Alas Purvo is endless mangroves, exotic animal world and beaches lined with palm trees.
An hour's drive from the city of Bogor there is another nature reserve- Gunung Halimun. It is famous for the fact that Javanese gibons are found only here.
Bromo Tengger Semeru is a kind of visiting card of Indonesia, thanks to its unique landscapes.

Of course, volcanoes are of great interest from vacationers. The most famous and picturesque are Bromo, Semeru, Merapi. In the center of the island, Bleduk Kuvu attracts tourists - a volcano splashing mud and steam.
In all the picturesque corners of the island, both group and individual excursions... Moreover, very often local residents gladly, for a small fee, undertake to acquaint tourists with the sights.
And, of course, it is worth buying souvenirs: masks, carved utensils, paintings. Handmade pearl products are very popular, besides, they are relatively inexpensive here.

Kitchen on the island of Java

The kitchen is famous for its large amount of rice and legumes, a variety of vegetables and exotic fruits. In small cafes with low prices, you can enjoy local dishes, taste ginger tea and Tuak beer. Although, there are quite unusual dishes, for example, pies from the silted land, which are considered very useful here. As in all of Southeast Asia, you can taste many rice dishes here.

Vacation in Java in winter is especially popular; it is a great way to escape from frost, combining relaxation on the seashore with excursions to exotic corners of the island.